优化方案新课标全国卷Ⅰ高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法专题突破3动词的时态和语态课件

1、2016高考导航适用于全国卷专题3动词的时态和语态考查点201520142013命题趋势名词1.全国卷61题一般过去时 2.全国卷67题一般现在时3.全国卷短文改错第一处一般现在时一般过去时1.全国卷61题一般过去时 2.全国卷短文改错第四处过去完成时现在完成时全国卷短文改错第二处一般现在时一般过去时在语法填空及短文改错中侧重考查一般时、进行时及完成时。通常是根据所设置的语境中的信息判断时态以及主谓语之间的主动或被动关系。考查点201520142013命题趋势动词语态全国卷短文改错第五处现在完成时被动语态现在完成时主动语态未考未考在语法填空及短文改错中侧重考查一般时、进行时及完成时。通常是根据

2、所设置的语境中的信息判断时态以及主谓语之间的主动或被动关系。专题3动词的时态和语态1(2015高考全国卷，语法填空，节选)This cycle_(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures.2If it_(turn) cold again，theyll dive back down.But they come out again if it

3、 is warm.Last，how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter?考点一一般时goesturns3The boy_(open)his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.4(2015河南高考适应性模拟)If I hold it for a minute，thats not a problem.If I hold it for an hour，I_(have) an ache in my right arm.If I h

4、old it for a day，youll have to call an ambulance.openedwill have1一般现在时(1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。由动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式(be动词的一般现在时用am/is/are)构成。My dream school starts at 8：30 am. and ends at 3：30 pm.我理想的学校上午8：30上课，下午3：30放学。(2)如果主句是一般将来时，那么在由when，while，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，if和unless引导的条

5、件状语从句及让步状语从句中，可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，表示将来的动作或状态。The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started.这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。2一般过去时(1)常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性的动作。(2015高考重庆卷，单项填空，改编)Is Peter coming?彼得要来吗？No，he changed his mind after a phone call at the

6、 last minute.不来了。在最后时刻接了一个电话后他改变了主意。(2015高考湖南卷，单项填空，改编)I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I asked，“What do you wish me to do now？”当我问：“你现在想要我做什么？”的时候，我掩饰不住内心的渴望之情。(2)有些句子，虽然没有明确地表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know，think，expect，want等。Edward，you play so well.But I didnt know you play

7、ed the piano.爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢琴。3一般将来时“shall/will动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。(2015高考北京卷，单项填空，改编)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.杰克逊博士现在不在办公室。All right.I will call him later.好的。我稍后给他打电话。I hope you will behave yourself at the dinner party.我希望你在晚宴上表现得大方得体。单句语法

8、填空1Years ago，when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries，I_(live) in the heart of a city.2(2015山东日照二模)Therefore，maintaining a healthy diet not only_(provide) your body with energy but also numerous health benefits.livedprovides3(2015河南考前质量检测二)Man changes his living habits

9、 in order to adjust to climate，but climate_(change) as well，though more slowly.By learning more about his climate，man will find a way to adapt to or control it and live a more comfortable life.4(2016安徽安庆五校联考)I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday.I know your feelings，but if you forgive him，you_(be)

10、a bigger man.changeswill be1He_(look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day.2(2015高考陕西卷，语法和词汇知识，改编)Marty_(work) really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.3(2015龙口模拟)McDonalds _(work) hard to get its customers back now.In January，the company ran a

11、n advertisement during the Super Bowl.考点二进行时was lookinghas been workingis working1现在进行时(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行着的动作或存在的状态。I hear you are working in a pub.Whats it like?我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样？Well，its very hard work and Im always tired，but I dont mind.哦，工作很辛苦，我也总是很累，不过我不介意。(2)某些表示位置移动的动词，如c

12、ome，go，leave，arrive，start，move等词，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。The ship is leaving for New York soon.这条船很快就要开往纽约。2过去进行时(1)表示过去某时正在发生的动作,或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作;也可表示过去某个时间段内一直在进行的动作。I walked slowly through the market，where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and boug

13、ht what I needed.我慢慢地走过一个市场，人们在那里销售各种各样的水果与蔬菜。我认真地研究了它们的价格之后，买了些我所需要的。(2)短暂性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排要做的事。I was coming to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.我本打算那天晚些时候去看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。3将来进行时表示将来某时或某一时段正在进行的动作，常表示事情的正常发展。Can I call you back at two oclock this afternoon?今天下午两点我给你回电话可以吗？I

14、m sorry，but by then I will be flying to Beijing.How about five?对不起，那时我正飞往北京，五点钟怎么样？单句语法填空1(2015河南顶级名校5月模拟)“I_(eat) with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.”2(2015临沂模拟)Alice and her classmates_(enjoy) their holiday this time

15、next month.3(2015山东师大附中模拟)They have lit our dinnertime，the bedrooms and now I_(sit) by one in the kitchen.was eatingwill be enjoyingam sitting1(2015潍坊高考模拟) At last firefighters have put out a big forest fire in California.Since then，they_(set) about finding out how the fire began.2(2015滕州5月模拟)One Fr

16、iday afternoon，after she had finished shopping and had taken all the things to her car，she found that she_(forget) to buy some sugar.3(2016山东邹城一中月考)That was the first time I_(be) to Hong Kong so I had great difficulty finding the hotel.考点三完成时have sethad forgottenhad been一、现在完成时1表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造

17、成了影响或结果，常与lately，recently，so far，by now，up to/till now，in the last/past few days/years等时间状语连用。Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺利，我们确信一定会按时完工。2表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常与“since时间点”或“for时间段”等表示一段时间的状语连用。I remember you were

18、 a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me?我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？Sorry，I havent played the piano for years.抱歉，我好多年没有弹钢琴了。二、过去完成时1表示到过去某一时间之前动作已经完成，即“过去的过去”。或表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，这一动作或状态可能一直持续到过去这一时刻，也可能将继续下去。By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had grad

19、uated from college.杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。2有时可表示一种未实现的愿望或想法，常用于该用法的动词有intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等。He had intended to speak，but time did not permit.他本想发言，可是时间不允许。三、完成进行时完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚完成，也可能仍在进行，具有持续性和未完成性。该时态多用于延续性动词。The manager has been telling the workers ho

20、w to improve the program since 9 am.从上午9点开始，经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。In order to find the missing child，villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.为了找到那个失踪的孩子，过去的五小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切。四、将来完成时将来完成时表示在将来的某一时间之前将会完成的动作，并往往对将来的某一时间产生影响。由“shall/willhave过去分词”构成。By the time Mr.Smith arrives at

21、 the supermarket，we will have stayed there for one hour.等史密斯先生到达超市时，我们将已经在那里待了一个小时了。名师指津常用完成时的句型句型例句It is/has been一段时间since从句(since从句用一般过去时)It was/had been一段时间since从句(since从句用过去完成时)It was three years since we had been there.我们在那儿已待了三年。It/This is the first/second/.timethat sb.have/has done.；It/This w

22、as the first/second/.timethat sb.had done.This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema as a family.这是我们全家人第一次到电影院看电影。句型例句That/This/It is/was最高级名词定语从句(从句常用完成时)In his view，too，that was the best poem that he had ever written.他也认为，那是他所写得最好的诗。Hardly/Scarcely.when.；No sooner.than.(主句常用过去完成时，从句

23、用一般过去时)Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。单句语法填空1(2015淮安二模)Global oil prices_(fall) since June as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily.2(2015高考北京卷，单项填空，改编)In the last few years，China_(make) great achievements in environmental

24、protection.have been fallinghas made3(2015浙江杭州一次质检)Mr.White_(work) in our school for nearly forty years before he retired last month.4(2015聊城模拟)By next Thursday，they_(complete) the construction of the new school.had workedwill have completed1(2015高考湖南卷，单项填空，改编)I had a strong desire to reach in and p

25、lay with the toy，but _(hold) back thankfully by the shop window.2After everything_(do) and just after he left the barbers，he saw a man in the street with long dirty hair.考点四被动语态was heldwas done3(2015日照模拟)Have they got our car repaired?I dont know.But it_(repair) when I called them yesterday.4(2015江西

26、鹰潭二模)If you so desire and cannot afford one，a lawyer_(appoint) without any charge before any questioning.was being repairedwill be appointed1被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态常见的时态变化列表如下：形态时间一般进行完成现在过去am/is/are过去分词am/is/are being过去分词have/has been过去分词was/were过去分词was/were being过去分词had

27、 been过去分词形态时间一般进行完成将来过去将来shall/will be过去分词should/would be过去分词shall/will have been过去分词Dont worry.The hard work that you do now will be repaid later in life.不要担心，你现在的努力工作在以后的生活中会得到回报的。In the spoken English of some areas in the US.，the“r”sounds at the end of the words are dropped.在美国一些地方的口语中，单词结尾的“r”的发

28、音通常被省略掉了。2主动形式表示被动意义以下形式常用主动形式表示被动意义：分类例词例句连系动词实义动词smell，taste，feel，look，sound，prove，turn等后接形容词作表语时。表示主语的属性、特征或功能的词，如read，write，sell，wash等，常与well，badly，easily，smoothly等副词连用时。表示“开始”、“结束”的词：如begin，start，finish，end等。Your suggestion proved quite effective.你的建议已被证明是很有效的。This pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很流畅

29、。The party finished with a song.聚会以一首歌曲结束。分类例词例句非谓语动词need，want，require(需要)，deserve(值得)等后接doing时。The clock needs winding once a week.这只闹钟需要每周上一次发条。在beadj.(difficult，hard，heavy，dangerous，pleasant，comfortable等)to do结构中。Its difficult to see how more savings can be made.看到如何进一步节约是很难的。单句语法填空1(2015山东省实验中学二模)She_(elect)to the New York State Assembly.In 1968 she announced she would run for the Unit