Unit1Culturalrelics（练习）（解析版）

1、2019-2020学年度上学期高一英语期末复习备考必修 2 Unit 1 Cultural relics单元基础梳理一、词汇局部:1、认读单词词义速记1.jeweln.A接待；招待会2.dynasty n.B珠宝；宝石4. honeyn.D本地的；当地的5 . artistn.E朝代；王朝6. stylen.F少女；女仆7. troopn.G审判；审讯；试验8. localadj.H艺术家9 . maidn.I蜜；蜂蜜10. trialn.J.群；组；军队C风格；风度；类型3.reception n.4)1 5)H 6)C 7)J 8)D 9)F 10)G【答案】1） B 2）E3）A2、核心

2、单词重点记忆序号重点词汇及拓展1M移动；搬开2.以前的；从前的3n.争论；辩论沅.争论；辩论4V.装饰；装修一.装饰；装修5诃下沉；沉下一（过去式）（过去分词）6vi.爆炸n.爆炸7,根据；证据一的.明显的8幸免；幸存；生还n. 幸存一n.幸存者9adj.非正式的一（反义词）正式的10儿 怀疑；疑惑 以怀疑；不信一.怀疑的；可疑的11n. 入及.出口 v. 进入12n.设计；图案；构思至设计；计划；构思一一.设计者答案thought nothing ofAs a young manager, he is highly thought.【答案】ofThe headmaster thought(h

3、igh) of the young mans performance in the school.【答案】highlyat war处于交战状态【归纳拓展】at peace处于和平状态at work在工作at school在上学at table在吃饭at sea在航海at play在玩耍【巩固练习】.单句填空The SmithS are table.【答案】atWhen you are school, you should devote yourself to your study.【答案】atn.单句改错(3)You shouldnt talk with our mouth full of f

4、ood while we are at the table.【答案】去掉theDuring the Second World War, Germany was at war on many countries in the world.【答案】on一within .完成句子这两个国家曾经打了多年仗，但现在已经和平相处。The two countries used to for many years, but now they are each other.【答案】be at war； at peace with二、语法概要：限制性与非限制性定语从句一)定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词之间关系

5、的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。1、限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思 就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which, as；关系副词有where, when, why。例如：(教材 P2)This was a time when the two countries were at war.(教材 Pl)The amber which was selected

6、 had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.【巩固练习】用适当的关系词填空ril forever cherish the days I studied abroad, built last year.(2)Do you know the girl Japanese is excellent?(3)Jack is no longer the person I met five years ago.(4)Lefs find a place we can have a picnic.【答案】(l)when (2)whose (3)whom (4)w

7、here2、非限制性定语从句1)定语从句有时跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词做一些附加说明，不起限制作用，如果 去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚，这种定语从句叫非限制性定语从句。这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开，关系 词不可省略。例如：(教材 Pl)This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.(教材 Pl 2)However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I , to w

8、hom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.2)非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的一个词，但更多的情况下所修饰的不是一个词，而是代表整个主 句所讲的内容，如上面的第二个例句。这类从句通常用逗号与主句分开，关系代词that和关系副词why都 不能引导非限制性定语从句。领先行词是专有名词或有物主代词和指示代词修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：My house, which I bought last year, has a lovely garden.我去年买的那幢房子有个漂亮的花园。非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，这时引

9、导词可用as, which引导。as从句可放于句 首，也可放于主句后；which从句必须置于主句后。例如：She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into mouth.她听到一声巨响，这使她的心提到了嗓子眼上。As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (as 作主语, 指代后面整句 所述内容)众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，在从句中可作主语和宾语。当定语从句中缺少实义动词的主 语时

10、，只能用which引导定语从句。例如：He married her, which/as was natural.他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。(which/as作主语)He is an old kind farmer, which/as anybody can see.任何人都看得出来，他是一位善良的老农民。(which/as作see的宾语)He came late again, which made his boss angry.他又来晚了，这让老板很生气。(which作主语，指前面句子所述事)【巩固练习】用适当的关系词填空(l)As a child, Jack studied in a v

11、illage school, is named after his grandfather.(2)The school shop,customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.(3)My brother,you met the other day, has gone abroad.(4)1 walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.(5)Sunday is a holiday,people d

12、o not go to work.【答案】(l)which (2)whose (3)whom (4)where (5)when【解析】如何选择关系词填空，步骤分三步：1、找从句从空格(即要填的关系词)到第二个谓语动词前为定语从句。如果后面没有第二个谓语 动词，即到句末为止。2、分析从句的句子成分如果从句主干局部(主、表、宾)齐全，选关系副词；如果从句主干局部 不全，选关系代词。3、由先行词决定选哪一个关系代词或关系副词。三)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别.非限制性定语从句和先行词之间往往有逗号隔开，限制性定语从句没有。例如：His brother who works in London

13、 will come back to China next week.他的工作在伦敦的哥哥下周将回中国。(限制性定语从句，意思是他可能还有别的哥哥。)His brother, who works in London, willcome back to China next week.他的哥哥工作在伦敦，下周将回中国。（非限制性定语从句，对先行词his brother起到补充说明的作 用，言外之意：他只有一个哥哥。）. that, why引导限制性定语从句，但不可以引导非限制性定语从句。例如：I have told them the reason, for which I was absent

14、for the meeting.我已告诉他们我不能参加会议的原因。（用for which代替why引导非限定性定语从句）.引导限制性定语从句的引导词如果在从句中作宾语，可以省去；而在非限制性定语从句中不可省 去。例如：He is the man （that/who）I am looking for.他就是我要找的那个人。（that/who都可以指代人，在从句中作look for的宾语，可以省略）A young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。（whom作impress

15、的宾语，引导非限 定性定语从句，不能省略）.限制性定语从句往往翻译成修饰先行词的定语，而非限制性定语从句往往根据句子的具体情况， 可译为并列句、状语从句等。例如：I have a brother who works in a museum.我有一个在博物馆工作的哥哥。I have a brother, who works in a museum.我有一个哥哥，他在博物馆工作。【巩固练习】比拟并翻译以下句子（1）她那教我们英语的姐姐明年将出国。Her sister will go abroad next year.【答案】who teaches us English她的姐姐教我们英语，明年将出国

16、。, will go abroad next year.【答案】Her sister, who teaches us English（2）这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。This is the best novel.【答案】that I have ever read这是我昨天晚上看过的小说，非常有意思。The novel, is very interesting.【答案which I read last night,这部小说很有意思，这让我很高兴。The novel is very interesting, 【答案】 which makes me very glad单元应用体验【限时练习在45分钟

17、内完成】一、单词拼写On her maiden voyage, Titanic knocked against a huge iceberg and（下沉）under the sea before the rescue ship arrived.【答案】sank【解析】根据平行原那么，and连接并列句，前句用般过去时，此处也要用一般过去时，所以用sank。While（移动）these valuable vases, you must be very careful, because they are easy to break.【答案】removing【解析】while+doing sth是“

18、连词+分词短语”结构，作状语，移动（remove）与句子主语you是主动关 系。Have you seen the latest（设计）of the bridge over the Changjiang River?【答案】design【解析】空格前面latest是形容词，此处用名词design（设计）填空。Lucy has a good sense of beauty, and always（装饰）her bedroom in a comfortable manner.【答案】decorates【解析】根据连词and （并列）和空格前面的副词always,又因为句子主语Lucy是第三人你单数

19、，所 以此处用谓语动词decoratesoThere was a lot of（证据）that could prove that the young man had stolen many things in the past five months.【答案】evidence【解析】空格前面a lot of后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式，而evidence是不可数名词。When the bomb hidden under the seat in the bus（爆炸）, many passengers were killed or hurt.【答案】exploded【解析】主句谓语动词wer

20、e killed为一般过去时，从句谓语动词的动作与were killed没有时间上的先后， 所以此处也用一般过去时。How was it that the two boys discovered the（A ）to the cave of the ancient paintings in the 1980s?【答案】entrance【解析】空格前面为定冠词the,空格处用名词entrance。A team of rescuers were sent to that area to search for those who might(幸免于难)the flood.【答案】survive【解析】

21、空格前面有情态动词might,关系代词前的先行词those与survive是主动关系，所以用动词原 形填空。Five excellent students were(精选)to take part in the Spoken English Competition for our school.【答案】selected【解析】在select +sb +to do sth(挑选某人去做某事)结构中，这里students与select是被动关系，所以 were后接过去分词构成被动语态。My sister likes to wear(奇异的)clothes, so you can recognize

22、 her in the crowd easily.【答案】fancy【解析】空格后面是名词，形容词修饰名词，所以此处用fancy。二、单句语法填空Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as(decorate) on their cars.【答案】decoration【解析】根据句意“有些司机喜欢画一些特别的图案来装饰他们的汽车“，空格前的as是介词“作为”， 后应接名词 decorationoBelieve it or not, this is the most(amaze) experience of my life.【答案】amaz

23、ing【解析】空格前most,空格后为名词，根据“形修名”原那么，此处要用形容词，又因为动词的现在分词作 形容词多修饰表事或物的名词，过去分词作形容词多修饰表人的名词。I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.【答案】when【解析】分析句子结构，前句“直到五年级我才成为一个认真的攀岩者”，那时能够上树rescue a kite, 所以空格前的until the fifth grade中的g

24、rade是表示时间的名词，此处应填关系副词where引导非限定性定语 从句。Floridas population(explosion) after the Second World War.【答案】exploded【解析】分析句子结构知，此句缺谓语，此处要用谓语动词，时间状语after the Second World War为过 去时间，所以用一般过去时。Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world. 10. Its an(formal) party, so you need

25、nt dress up.【答案】which informal【解析】“名后有句为定从，名词island后出现句子，又因句子缺主语，空前先行词指物，所以用关系 代词which；第二空前面出现了不定冠词an,根据前句意思，此处用元音开头的形容词informal修饰后面的 名词party oMany countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.【答案】where【解析】地点名词parks后面句子不缺句子主干局部，此处用关系副词where引导定语从句。The passengers rem

26、ained(seat) until the bus came to a stop.【答案】seated【解析】时间状语从句until the bus came to a stop用一般过去时，主句用一般过去时。The beautiful village is well worth(pay) a visit to.【答案】paying【解析】be worth doing sth结构中，worth后接动名词，所以此处填payingoThere is no doubt I can pass this competition, but there is some doubt I can win the

27、first prize.【答案】that; whether【解析】there is no doubt that 和 there is some doubt whether.是固定句型。(consider) her age, she should be retired from her work.【答案】Considering【解析】一般来说，逗号后面没有连词连接句子，前面没有主语，逗号前的动词(短语)要用非谓语 动词形式作状语，这里consider与句子主语she是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式填空。He had the dirt(remove) from his shoes before co

28、ming into the room.【答案】removed【解析】have sth. done表”让人做某事(某事被做)，dirt与remove是被动关系，所以此处用过去分 词removed填空。He told us whether(have) a picnic was still under discussion.【答案】to have【解析】动词tell, ask,know,wonder等后常接不定式的复合结构作宾语或宾语补足语，此处用whether+to do形式。Happiness and success often come to those are good at recogni

29、zing their own strengths.【答案】who【解析】先行词those后的定语从句缺主语，those指人，所以此处用关系代词who填空。“You can9t judge a book by its cover, the old saying goes.【答案】as【解析】此句as引导的状语从句，意为“俗话说:“不能以貌取人”，as意为“按照”。There was a time we lived a peaceful life in that remote village.【答案】when【解析】时间名词time后面的句子不缺主干局部，此处用关系副词when填空。三、单句改错S

30、cientists are in search for a cure for this serious disease.【答案】for改为of【解析】in search of寻找，是固定词组。The schoolbag was given back to the student when she proved that it was belonged to her.【答案】去掉belonged前的was【解析】belong to相当于不及物动词，没有被动语态结构。Tome returned back to his company on time as usual.【答案】去掉back【解析】r

31、eture是及物动词，相当于come backoI think the room can serve a study room.【答案】serve后加as【解析】句意为“我认为那个房间可以当作一个书房”，serve as意为“充当”。. His work was high thought of by the critics.【答案】high改为highly【解析】think highly of是固定词组，副词highly修饰动词think,这里用了被动结构，词组中的副词不 变。四、阅读理解The Taj Mahal（泰姬陵）is a love story, a sad and beautifu

32、l one. If it didnt exist, we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtazl Mahal： its shortened form Taj

33、 Mahal, means “pride of the palace”. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so brokenhearted that he thought of giving up his throne.He decided, out of his love for his wife, to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.He summoned the best artists and archite

34、cts from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and finally, the design was complete. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.The building itself stands on a marble platform 29 meters square and 6-7 me

35、ters high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Taj itself soars another 61 meters into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge.However

36、, his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了泰姬陵的一些信息。The emperor.A died soon after Taj Mahal diedB. was killed by his sonC. was beloved by his peopleD. died after 1648

37、【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据题干中的emperor,确定到第一段中的“In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died.和第二段中的It took. 18 years to build the Taj Mahal”可知,皇帝是1648年以后死的，应选 DoWhich of the following statements is NOT true about the Taj Mahal?It is a magnificent building.A lot of people took part in the building wo

38、rk.It was completed quickly owing to the efforts of the best artists and workers.It is a tomb fbr the emperors beloved wife.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal,”可知建泰姬陵花了很长时间，故C项说法错误。The emperors own tomb was designed t

39、o be.A. meters high B. black-coloured C. eight-sided D. white-coloured【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的tomb was designed定位到文章最后一段第一句The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble fbr himself on the other side”可知,君主自己的坟墓是黑色的,故 选B。The whole passage tells us about.A. the story of the Taj MahalB the

40、 love story of Emperor Shah Jahan and his wifewhite and black marble tombs made for two emperorsa beautiful fairy tale【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。虽然文中第一句话“The Taj Mahal（泰姬陵）is a love story.”说泰姬陵是一个爱情故 事，但是后三段都在讲泰姬陵的建造，是围绕泰姬陵来说的而非爱情故事，应选A。五、短文改错2019 年全国卷 I I became interesting in playing football thanks to a smal

41、l accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyones surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player

42、on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.【答案】I became intere茶ing in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking b

43、y the school playground. Suddenly A football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyones surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football

44、. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.【解析】 interestinginterested where一whenfootball 前面力上 abutandhardly一hard surprising一surpriseplayer一players say一saying now一then 去掉 my13.贵重的；有价值的一n.价值一盟/.没有用的；无价值的一adj.无价的14使吃惊；惊讶一adj.感到吃惊的一adj.令人吃惊的一n.吃惊，惊奇

45、15值得；相当于 的价值.价值；作用古值钱的M.无价 值的一.有价值的，值得的-。少值得花时间或精力的【答案】 1 .remove 2.former 3.debate 4. decorate； decoration 5. sink； sank/sunk； sunk/sunk 6. explode； explosion7. evidence； evident 8. survive； survival； survivor 9. informal； formal10.doubt； doubtful 11. entrance； exit； enter 12. design； designer 13.

46、valuable； value； valueless； invaluable 14. amaze； amazed； amazing； amazement 15. worth； worthless； worthy； worthwhile 3、短语收集精准记忆【答案】1. in search _寻找2.belong _属于3. _ return作为报答；回报4._war处于交战状态5 . less少于6.take拆开7 . look调查8.serve充当；起作用9 . rather而不是10.think highly看重；器重l.of 2.to3.in 4,at 5. than 6,apart 7

47、.into 8.as 9.than lO.of二、句型局部：典句重现，熟练背诵Frederick William I , the King of Prussia, （绝不可能想到）that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.【答案】could never have imagined【解析】情态动词+have+done表示对过去发生的事的推测或估计。仿写：你本来可以努力学好英语的。You English well before.答案】could have learnt（毫无疑问）t

48、he boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.【答案】There is no doubt that【解析】there is no doubt that后接同位语从句。而There is some doubt whether .是表示”是否值得怀疑”，常常混为一体。仿写：没有付出就没有回报，这是毫无疑问的。no pain, no gain.【答案】There is no doubt that. Later， Catherine II

49、（派 人把琥 珀屋搬 至U ）to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.【答案】had the Amber Room moved【解析】have + sth + done表示“让人去做某事(事被做)“，这里have的宾语sth与done是被动关系。仿写：克莱尔在飞机起飞一小时前对行李进行了安检。Claire an hour beforeher plane left.【答案】had her luggage checkedIn a trial, a judge must decide(哪些证人可以相信)and whi

50、ch not to believe.【答案】 which eyewitnesses to believe【解析】动词know, wonder,decide等后常接不定式或不定式的复全结构(疑问词+todo)作宾语，疑问 词+to do相当于疑问词+主语+should+do”。仿写：我想知道我下一步该做什么。I wonder next.【答案】what to do(我也认为他们不应该)give it to any government.【答案】Nor do T think they should【解析 1表否认意义的no, nor, neither放在句首表示与前文内容相同情况时，句子要用倒装，

51、常常将谓 语与主语倒装，一般借助情态动词、助动词do、have等进行倒装。仿写：我也不相信他说的是真的。what he said was true.【答案】Nor do I believe单元重点讲解一、词汇精讲X. survive vt.)K逃生；比活得长 切.幸存 以幸免于【归纳拓展】(l)survive+72.(the fire/earthquake/accident.) 从(火灾/地震/事故等)中生还survive on靠维持生活；靠存活下来A survive B (by.) A 比 B 活得长()survive from从中存活下来，流传下来【巩固练习】单句语法填空/完成句子The

52、old woman(survive) his only son 12 years, during which she had to support himself.【答案】survived ； byThe(survive)of the earthquake are fighting for(survive).【答案】 survivors； survival【解析】句意：地震的幸存者正在为生存而斗争。第一空前面有冠词，应该用名词，第二空前面有介词，也要用名词，根据句意，第一空为“幸存者”，第二空为“生存”之意。那次战役之后只有少数士兵幸存。Only a few soldiers.【答案】surv

53、ived the battle在那次地震中她父母都遇难了，但她却幸免于难。Her parents were killed in the earthquake, but.【答案】she survivedamaze诫使惊讶；惊讶【归纳拓展】be amazed at/by. 对大为惊奇be amazed to do sth.惊奇地做某事be amazed that. 对感到惊奇to ones amazement=to the amazement of sb. 令某人惊奇的是【巩固练习】单句语法填空/完成句子Believe it or not, what he said(amaze) me. 【答案】

54、amazedTo his， we were not at his discovery.(amaze)【答案】amazement； amazed； amazingWe were amazed(find) that no one was hurt.【答案】to find令我们吃惊的是他这次数学测试及格了。that he had passed the maths test., he had passed the maths test.【答案】A)We were amazed B )To our amazementdesign n.设计；图案；构思 设计；构思【归纳拓展】(l)by design =

55、on purpose 有意地，故意地(2)design sb./sth.to do sth.打算让某人/物从事某事be designed for/to do sth.计戈ij(做)某事，打算用来(做)某事 be designed as打算作用【巩固练习】单句语法填空/一句多译Carolyne is a fashion(design). 【答案】designerThe pair met often-at first chance but later design.【答案】by； byThe Jibo robot is designed(be)a personalized assistant.【答

56、案】to be这个课程是为那些想出国的人员提供帮助的。This course is designed those who are wishine to go abroad.【答案】forThis course is designed those who are wishing to go abroad.【答案】to helpdecorate vL装饰；装修【归纳拓展】decorate.with.用装饰(某物，某处)be decorated with 装饰有【巩固练习】完成句子The bedroom pretty little pictures with animals.这个卧里挂满了漂亮的动物

57、小图片。【答案】 was decorated with(Dlfs necessary to.有必要装修这间教室。【答案】decorate the classroomThe house was empty and.房子是空的，装修起来很容易。【答案】 easy to decorateremove以去掉，开除；脱掉切.搬开；移动；搬家【归纳拓展】remove sb.from school开除某人；勒令某人退学remove ones doubt消除某人的疑虑/烦恼remove.from.JE 从 移开 remove from.to. A 搬到 【巩固练习】完成句子/单句语法填空To my surpr

58、ise, he removed my name the name list.【答案】fromWe(remove) her doubt and she was convinced of our words.【答案】removedThree children(remove) from school for breaking school rules yesterday. 【答案】 were removedworth pwp.值得的；相当于的价值.价值；作用。的.值钱的【归纳拓展】be worth doing某事值得被做(主动形式表被动含义)(2)be worthy of+机值得(或应得)的be w

59、orthy of being done 某事值得被做be worthy to be done某事值得被做(3)It*s worthwhile doing/to do值得做【巩固练习】完成句子/单句语法填空This novel is well worth, but it is not worthy of/这部小说很值得一读，但不值得翻译。【答案】reading； being translated； to be translatedIt is worthwhile(provide) young children with good education.【答案】to provide/providin

60、gdebate W.&辩论；争论；讨论n.辩论；辩论会【归纳拓展】debate sth.with sb.与某人争论某事debate with sb.about/on sth.和某人争论某事beyond debate无可争辩；毋庸置疑under debate在讨论中【巩固练习】单句语法填空The fact that China is becoming more powerful is debate.【答案】beyondThey debated each other the environment protection and economic growth.【答案】with； about()Th