高三英语复习：提升词汇量的利器--高中英语构词法课件-

1、构词法 为什么要学习构词法？它又包括哪些呢？ 1.disclose ones secret2. Microblog3. Its all floating cloud.4.envious, jealous and hateful .猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之派生法神马都是浮云微博 吐槽 前缀:一般只改变词义,不改变词类后缀:一般只改变词类,不引起词义变化羡慕嫉妒恨 5.time-travel TV drama6.group purchasing7. daddy-is-the-key 8. leftover ladies 猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之合成法拼爹 穿越剧 团购 剩女 把两个或两个以上的

2、词合成一个新词, 这种构词的方法叫做合成法 1. 直接写在一起。2. 用连字符(-)连接。猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之转化法9.被雷倒(到)了 in shock /shock sb10.淡定 keep calm /calm down转化法：不添加任何成分, 不改变词形, 把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。构词法构词法：合成(Compounding) 派生法（Derivation） 【前缀/后缀】转化法（Conversion） 【词性转换】合成（compounding）合成法：合成名词合成形容词构词方式例词blood-test验血，she-wolf母狼handwriting, ma

3、chine-building机械制造freeway, shorthand速记freezing-point, reading roomwashroom, pickpocket扒手breakthrough突破，get-together聚会outbreak爆发，downfall垮台名词/代词+名词名词+动名词形容词+名词动名词+名词动词+名词动词+副词副词+动词2.合成形容词构成方式例词noble-minded, three-leggedgood-looking, fine-sounding动听的high-class高级的，large-scale大规模的duty-free免税的，airsick晕机的

4、形容词/数词+名词+ed形容词+现在分词形容词+名词名词+形容词peace-loving, English-speakingman-made, snow-coveredhard-working, far-reaching深远的well-known, widespread广泛流传的four-day四天的, five-year名词+现在分词名词+过去分词副词+现在分词副词+过去分词数词+名词派生法（Derivation）-词缀法1. 前缀prefixes:Pre-pre-reading, preview, precautionRe-rewrite, reconsider, reuse（前）(重新)

5、dis- （不）disagree , dislike , disappearmisunderstand, misleadmis （错误或失当）miniskirt, minibussupermarket, supermansuper- （超级）mini-（微小）in/im- （不）incorrect impossibleforetell, forecastpost(之后)postwar, post-readingfore-(前，预先)semicircle, semi-finalsemi-(半，部分)antiwar, antibody(抗体)anti- (阻止，抗)underground, und

6、erlineunder- （在下， 在中）后缀（Suffixes） 后缀是加在词根或单词后面的部分。后缀分为四种： 1）名词后缀； 2）形容词后缀； 3）动词后缀； 4）副词后缀1）名词后缀名词后缀有许多种，下面略举数种为例：表人，物，抽象名词等 -er worker(工人) -ist artist(艺术家) -or tractor(拖拉机) -hood childhood(童年) -ship friendship(友谊) 2）形容词后缀 表示一种事物具有或属于某种性质或状态，表意义“是的”，“似的” -ic atomic(原子的) -ous famous(著名的) -ful powerful

7、(强有力的) -y hilly(多山的)3）动词后缀 表示“使成为”，“致使”，“做”，“化”，“变成”等，如： -fy glorify(使光荣) -ize modernize(现代化) -en lengthen(延长) -ate discriminate(区分)4）副词后缀表示方式、方向、性质、状态等，如：-wise clockwise(顺时针方向的)-ways crossways(交叉地)-wards southwards(向南)-ly happily(幸福地)转化法（Conversion）tasten. 味道v.尝起来It has a good taste.It tastes very

8、good.record n.记录v. 记录He broke the record.He records something while reading a book.correctcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisable disabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反义独立的词根adj.残疾的n.不可能的n.反义n.误解词根大学生词根n.近义反义

9、Words Building 一、请找出下列句中的合成词, 指出其意义。1. This fully updated book features the latest information about study opportunities.updated最新的 即时练习2. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279) was very anxious to help his rice crop grow up quickly.short-tempered 急脾气的3. He is said to be

10、“undersized,” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”.undersized个子小的 4. Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. What does the word “shoplifter” mean? A thief B. A guide in a shop C.

11、the owner of a shop D. A porter (搬运工) shop+lifter shoplifter lifter n. 小偷二、请使用able的正确形式填空。1. Computers _ people to get more information more quickly. 2. He is _ to discriminate colors. He is color-blind.3 .Her lack of experience is a severe_. enable unabledisability4. An accident _ him from playing

12、football. 5. Deaf people and dumb people are _ . 6. I shall be _ to manage without help.disableddisabledable/ unable三、请使用like的正确形式填空。1. I have taken a strong _ of him. 2.She is not _ to come next month. 3. Great minds think_ . 4. How do you _ this book?5. It was very _ that he would do that. dislike/like likelyalikelikeunlikely/likely6. I _ bein