四级翻译专业培训一

1、四级翻译专业培训一新改革后翻译题型:段落翻译汉译英测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力。 分值比例：15% 考试时间：30分钟。 内容：中国历史、文化、经济、社会开展 长度：140-160个汉字；段落翻译的特点1、文体多为说明文 时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，可能兼有完成时态和将来时态。 说明文的特点就是语法简单，句式简洁，专业性强。2、综合性强，难度较大 考察内容包括单词、句型、固定搭配、时态、语态等根本英语要素和汉译英的英语技巧。3、对辅助知识有一定要求 科普文章的特点就是信息量大，表达对象为一个特殊名称。真题集锦剪纸中餐信息技术茶文化教育公平核能开展读书的意义旅游大熊猫中国

2、互联网大学英语四级考试新题型评分标准档次评 分 标 准13-15分译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。10-12分译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。7-9分译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。4-6分译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。1-3分译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。0分未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。翻译题目的攻克方法1、硬件条件积累stimulate 词汇量！没有一定的积累，就是巧妇难为无米之炊

3、策略： 必须开始有意识的积累和背诵一些和中国节日、历史事件、经济和社会开展相关的词汇。大家可以关注以反映中国社会为主的一些英文杂志和报纸，例如中国日报及其网站。这份报纸的大局部内容确实超越了考生的实力，但是一些涉及到日常社会生活的词语，却是大家可以学习的。大家每天看看网站中头条新闻，配合中文新闻的背景，就可以学到很多表达。推荐一个中国日报网站下面的一个小栏目：language tips，有大量简单实用的双语文章。词汇翻译1. 注意词的搭配学文化学知识学外语学鸟叫治国治家治病learn to read and writeacquire knowledgestudy a foreign langu

4、ageimitate birds cryingadministrate a countrymanage a householdcure disease根本工资根本建设根本设施根本物质根本利益开展经济开发水资源冲洗胶卷展开说明染上皮疹把戏剧改编成电影basic wagecapital constructioninfrastructure (basic facilities)essential commodityfundamental interestdevelop our economydevelop the water resourcesdevelop a filmdevelop an ide

5、adevelop a rashdevelop the play into a movie2.注意词的简化美不胜收的景色高耸入云的山峰引人入胜的故事艰苦卓绝的条件magnificent scenerytowering mountaininteresting storyextremely hard conditions of life大学英语四级考试新题型评分标准档次评 分 标 准13-15分译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。10-12分译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。7-9分译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当

6、多，其中有些是严重语言错误。4-6分译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。1-3分译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。0分未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。翻译中的句式选择12分以上 - 一个大错一整个句子写错以内，连贯，流畅12分以下-8分以上 - 一个大错以上，短句衔接不够，句法单一8分以下 - 每句都有语法错误以样卷的英文翻译为例翻译中的句式选择中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期特别流行。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢送，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。翻译中句式的选择句式

7、的选择：被动句，物称作主语，定语从句，状语从句，伴随状态，介词短语句子间的衔接：并列连接，逻辑连接，主从连接每一章的英语输入中国文化英译汉汉译英Unit 1 Traditional Chinese Festivalspair workRead the article and translate it from English to Chinese.Check your understanding. sentence patterns vocabulary新题型方案翻译做题步骤通读全段，确定时态和根本句型分析汉语句子主干，找出主语、谓语、宾语及其他成分确定单词和短语的翻译表达句子核对翻译内容数据

8、，以及有无信息遗漏读原文，定时态。分小句，做翻译。找主语找谓语找修饰语调句型，加衔接清明是我国的二十四节气之一。由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方面的变化，所以古代劳动人民用它安排农事活动。但是，清明作为节日，与纯粹的节气又有所不同。节气是我国物候变化、时令顺序的标志，而节日那么包含着一定的风俗活动和某种纪念意义。因此，这个节日中既有祭扫新坟生别死离的悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩的欢笑声，是一个富有特色的节日。清明是我国的二十四节气之一。由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方面的变化，所以古代劳动人民用它安排农事活动。但是，清明作为节日，与纯粹的节气又有所不

9、同。节气是我国物候变化、时令顺序的标志，而节日那么包含着一定的风俗活动和某种纪念意义。因此，这个节日中既有祭扫新坟生别死离的悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩的欢笑声，是一个富有特色的节日。清明是我国的二十四节气之一。The Qingming Festival is one of the 24 solar terms in China.falling on April 4-6 each year./ The Pure Brightness Festival / The Tomb-sweeping Dayseasonal division points由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方

10、面的变化，所以古代劳动人民用它安排农事活动。because, as, since.As the 24 solar terms reflect objectively the changes in temperature, rainfall and climate throughout the year, ancient people in China used them to guide their farming.offer a clear reflection/ depiction ofpersuasion说服工作，arrogance自满情绪，madness疯狂行为，backwardnes

11、s落后状态，antagonism, hostility敌对态度 紧张局势 tension, 爱国情怀 patriot, 勇敢行为 bravery, 亲密关系 intimacy, 准备工作 preparation, 失业现象 unemployment, 补救措施 remedy汉语里有一些名词，如“任务、“工作、“情况、“状态、“问题、“制度、“事业、“局面等等通常有具体的含义，自然应照译，但是它们用来说明范畴时，那么失去了具体含义，一般可以省略不翻译。但是，清明作为节日，与纯粹的节气又有所不同。However, Qingming as a festival is very different f

12、rom that as one of the solar terms.节气是我国物候变化、时令顺序的标志，而节日那么包含着一定的风俗活动和某种纪念意义。a solar term . while a festival.a solar term marks / indicates. a festival includes / involves.A solar term marks the climate change and seasonal transitiona festival includes some celebrations and commemoration.因此，这个节日中既有祭扫

13、新坟生别死离的悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩的欢笑声，是一个富有特色的节日。therefore, thus, in this senseQingming has its own unique meaningwith the combination of both bitter tears of tomb-sweeping and joyful laughters of spring outings. both of the sadness of tomb-sweeping and happiness of going-out for fun in the open air.The Qingming (P

14、ure Brightness) Festival is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4-6 each year. As the 24 seasonal division points offer a clear depiction of the changes in temperature, rainfall and climate throughout the year, ancient people in China used them to guide their farming. H

15、owever, Qingming as a festival is very different from that as one of the seasonal points. A seasonal point is indicative of the climate and seasonal transition while a festival involves some celebrations and commemoration. In this sense, Qingming is understood to have special meaning with the combin

16、ation both of the sadness of tomb-sweeping and happiness of going-out for fun in the open air. The Qingming (Pure Brightness) Festival is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4-6 each year. As the 24 seasonal division points offer a clear depiction of the changes in temp

17、erature, rainfall and climate throughout the year, ancient people in China used them to guide their farming. However, Qingming as a festival is very different from that as one of the seasonal points. A seasonal point is indicative of the climate and seasonal transition while a festival involves some

18、 celebrations and commemoration. In this sense, Qingming is understood to have special meaning with the combination both of the sadness of tomb-sweeping and happiness of going-out for fun in the open air. Passage 2“元宵节是中国的传统佳节，在每年的农历正月十五这一天庆祝。元宵节的到来也标志着春节的结束。元宵节的传统可以追溯到西汉时期，像其他的传统节日一样，关于元宵节也有一个美丽的传说

19、。据说，与道家的传统有关。按中国民间的传统，在这天上皓月高悬的夜晚，人们要点起彩灯万盏，以示庆贺。出门赏月、燃灯放焰、喜猜灯谜、共吃元宵，合家团聚、同庆佳节，其乐融融。元宵黏米团子或者叫做汤圆是元宵节这一天必吃的食物。(198)The Lantern Festival (or Yuanxiao Jie) is a traditional Chinese festival, which is celebrated on the 15th of the first month of the Chinese New Year. The festival marks the end of the ce

20、lebrations of the Chinese New Year. Chinese started to celebrate the Lantern Festival from the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC - 23 AD). Like most other Chinese festivals, there is also a story behind the Festival. It is also believed that the festival has Taoist origins.This is a festival for people ha

21、ving fun. On the night of the festival, people go on streets with a variety of lanterns under the full moon, watching lions or dragon dancing, playing Chinese riddles and games, and lighting up firecrackers. There is really a lot of fun for the young and the old. Yuanxiao (glutinous rice ball) or Ta

22、ngyuan is the special food for the Lantern Festival.Passage 3今天的重阳节，被赋予了新的含义，在1989年，我国把每年的九月九日定为老人节，传统与现代巧妙地结合，成为尊老、敬老、爱老、助老的老年人的节日。Today, the Double Nine Festival has got some more meaning. In 1989, the Chinese government decided the Ninth Day of the Ninth lunar month as Seniors Day, which combines

23、 the modern meaning with the old tradition, on which day people show their respect, memory, love and care for the elderly. 全国各机关、团体、街道，往往都在此时组织从工作岗位上退下来的老人们秋游赏景，或临水玩乐，或登山健体，让身心都沐浴在大自然的怀抱里；不少家庭的晚辈也会搀扶着年老的长辈到郊外活动或为老人准备礼物。(169)Since then, all government units, organizations and street communities will

24、organize an autumn trip each year for those who have retired from their posts. At the waterside or on the mountains, the seniors will find themselves merged into nature. Younger generations will bring elder ones to suburban areas or send gifts to them on this day.Passage 4冬至，是我国农历中一个非常重要的节气，也是一个传统节日

25、，至今仍有不少地方有过冬至节的习俗。冬至是北半球全年中白天最短、黑夜最长的一天，过了冬至，白天就会一天天变长。古人对冬至的说法是：阴极之至，阳气始生，日南至，日短之至，日影长之至，故曰“冬至。现在，一些地方还把冬至作为一个节日来过。北方地区有冬至宰羊，吃饺子的习俗，南方地区在这一天那么有吃冬至米团、冬至长线面的习惯。各个地区在冬至这一天还有祭天祭祖的习俗。(210)Winter Solstice is one of the most important seasonal points in Chinese lunar calendar, and a traditional festival c

26、elebrated in many parts of China until even today. On this day, the Northern hemisphere experiences the shortest daytime and longest nighttime. After the Winter Solstice, days will become longer and longer. As ancient Chinese thought, the yang, or muscular, positive things will become stronger and s

27、tronger after this day, so it should be celebrated. Nowadays, people in some parts of China still regard it as a festival. In Northern China, people eat lamb or dumplings while in the south there is the custom of having rice ball or the long noodles. People in some places will also worship the heave

28、n and their ancestors on this day.孔子Confucius是春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period的大思想家、大教育家和儒家学派Confucianism的创始人，是古代中国人心目中的圣人。孔子的言论和生平活动记录在由他的弟子或再传弟子编成的?论语?The Analects一书中。?论语?是中国古代文化的经典著作。在孔子之后几千年的中国历史上，没有哪一位思想家、文学家和政治家不受?论语?的影响。不研究?论语?，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子Confucius是春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period的大思

29、想家、大教育家和儒家学派Confucianism的创始人，是古代中国人心目中的圣人。As a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism during the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius is a sage to the ancient Chinese people. 孔子的言论和生平活动记录在由他的弟子或再传弟子编成的?论语?The Analects一书中。His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their s

30、tudents in The Analects. ?论语?是中国古代文化的经典著作。在孔子之后几千年的中国历史上，没有哪一位思想家、文学家和政治家不受?论语?的影响。As an enduring classic of Chinese culture, The Analects has influenced all thinkers, writers and politicians in the thousand years Chinese history after Confucius. 不研究?论语?，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。No scholar could truly unde

31、rstand this long-standing culture or the inner world of the ancient Chinese without this book.As a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism during the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius is a sage to the ancient Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects. As an enduring classic of Chinese culture, The Analects has influenced all thinkers, writers and politicians in the thousand years Chinese history after Confucius. No scholar could truly understand this long-s