英语语法动词 Verbs

1、Lecture 8&9Lecture 8&9VerbsI. Classification of Verb1. Different roles played in the formation of VPMain Verb (Notional verb): functioning as the headand indicating the basic meaning of a VPAuxiliary verb (helping verb): to help main verb in a VP2. Main Verbs Transitive verbSVO/ SVOiOd / SVO

2、C/SVOALinking verbSVCIntransitive verbSV/ SVADitransitive verb: award, answer, bring, buy, do, envy, give, leave, lend, make, offer, pay, pass, sell, send, show, sing, spare, teach, tell, write, etc.Notes Notes Linking verb:Be状态 otherfeel, touch, hear, sound, see, smell, taste; 感官go, turn, become, c

3、ome, fall, grow, get; 变化stay, remain, keep, rest; 持续look, seem, appear; 表像prove, turn out; 终止The fish is fresh from water. You dont have to smell it.The milk is going bad. It smells.This dish smells delicious.Transitive verbIntransitive verbLinking verb3. Auxiliary verbsPrimary Auxiliary: be, do, ha

4、ve Modal Auxiliary: can/could, may/ might, will/would, shall/ should, dare/dared, need,must, ought to, used toSemi-Auxiliary: be able to, be going to,have to, seem to, etc Notes Notes Cherry is a 7-year-old girl.The students are learning English grammar now.The thief was caught by the police soon.I

5、dont like rock music.Where did you go last night?The professor does like Romantic poetry.You did a good job.Jenny has achieved her dream.I have been working here for 5 years.The boy has many friends here. Notes Notes Need I go with you, Madame?You dont need to go with me.Do you need any books on Wom

6、ens Liberation? You neednt buy the train ticket for me.I darent ask her for a rise.I wonder whether he dare stand up in public. They hardly dared breathe as someone walked past the door! I dont know how she dares wear that dress. How did you dare to tell her? Somebody dared me to jump off the bridge

7、 into the river. 4. Grammatical forms Finite verbNon-finite verbBase form: workPresent tense: work(s)Past tense: workedInfinitive: to work-ing participle: working-ed participle: worked4. Grammatical forms Regular verbIrregular verb(1) AAA 型型(2) ABB 型型(3) ABC 型型(4) ABA型型(5) AAB型型Notes Notes lie lied

8、lied lyinglie lay lain lyinglay laid laid laying一本正经是撒谎一本正经是撒谎自由自在是躺着自由自在是躺着 y 变变 id 下了个蛋下了个蛋还得把蛋搁置好还得把蛋搁置好5. Lexical Meaning Dynamic verbStative verbActive verbTransitional verbMomentary verbBe/ have The notion of being or havingrefer to a sense perceptionrefer to a feeling, a state ofmind or an op

9、inionNotes Notes Mary is often polite.Mary is being impolite.John is foolish.John is being foolish.He resembles his father.He is resembling his father.Mary is acting impolitely.John is acting foolishly. is becoming more and more like his father Whether dynamic or stative verb? He wrote some letters.

10、 The girls are dancing. I think he is honest. Everyone likes her. He has a lot of friends. He is having supper. ExerciseExercise2013 TEM-465. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain B. turn C. write D. knockII. Tense, Aspect, Voice and MoodII. Tense, Aspect, Voice and Mood1. Tense

11、and AspectTense: present, past, future, past futureAspect: simple, progressive, perfective, perfective progressive(1) Simple present: v/ v-s(2) Simple past: v-ed(3) Simple future: will + v; be (am, is, are) + about to + v be (am, is, are) going to + v; (4) Simple past future: would + v; be (was, wer

12、e) about to + v be (was, were) going to + v ; (5) Present progressive: be (am, is, are) + v-ing(6) Past progressive: be (was, were) + v-ing(7) Future progressive: will + be + v-ing (8) Past future progressive: would + be + v-ing(9) Present perfective: have/ has + v-ed(10) Past perfective: had + v-ed(11) Future perfective: will + have + v-ed (12) Past future perfective: would + have + v-ed(13) Present perfective progressive: have/ ha