物流专业英语unit 1 Introduction to Logistics

1、Logistics English主讲人：周文娟Question:Why should we learn Logistics English?Useful for your final paper;Necessary for your further study; Help you to get a better job;Discover your potential;Follow up with this fast developing industry;Unit 1 Introduction to LogisticsUnit 2 Supply Chain ManagementUnit 3

2、TransportationUnit 4 WarehousingUnit 5 InventoryUnit 6 Logistics InformationUnit 7 Logistics SystemUnit 8 Enterprise LogisticsUnit 9 International LogisticsUnit 10 Customer Service Unit 11 The Cost of LogisticsUnit 12 Logistics Center and ZoneUnit 13 Third Party Logistics Unit 14 The Fourth Party Lo

3、gisticsUnit 1 Introduction to Logistics 物流概述物流概述Key terms:definition of logistics 物流的定义物流的定义material handling 材料搬运材料搬运information processing 信息处理信息处理inventory management 库存管理库存管理customer requirements 客户需求客户需求Council of Logistics Management (CLM)物流管理物流管理The whole passage can be divided into 4 parts:1

4、.The Definitions of Logistics2.The Importance of Logistics3.The Functions of Logistics4.The Development Trend of Modern LogisticsNew Words and Termslogistics n. 后勤学， 物流consumption n.消费，消费量technology n.技术，工艺transportation n.运输inventory n.存货profitability n.收益性，赢利性communication n.沟通，交流delivery n.交货，移交，

5、交付destination n.目的地，终点constitute vt.组成，构成，制定deteriorate vi.使恶化，变坏implement n.贯彻，实现，执行conform v.使遵守，符合，一致strategic adj.战略上的procurement n.采购warehousing n.仓储interchangeably adv.可互换地distribution n.分配，分销customer service 客户服务pallet n.托盘intermingled v.混合The Definitions of Logistics物流的定义There are various de

6、finitions of different editions.The Council of Logistics Management in the United States:Logistics is the “process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the pur

7、pose of conforming to customer requirements”.物流是为满足客户需求,对商品、服务和相关信息在货源地与消费地之间高效、有效的流动与存储进行计划、执行和控制的过程。 A book written by some Chinese logisticians:Logistics is the process of strategically managing the procurement, movement and storage of materials ,parts and finished inventory (and the related info

8、rmation flows) through the organization and its marketing channels in such a way that current and future profitability are maximized through the cost-effective fulfillment of orders.物流是战略管理的过程，包括采购、移动和原材料存储、零件和成品库存(和相关的信息流动)，以通过组织和其营销渠道这样一种方式,通过订单实现成本效益来实现当前和未来的盈利能力最大化。 Institute of Logistics:Logist

9、ics is the time related positioning of resource or the strategic management of the total supply-chain.the supply chain is a sequence of events intended to satisfy with associated transport , storage and information technology物流是关于时间的资源配置或总供应链的战略管理。供应链是满足顾客的事件序列。包括相关联的运输、存储和信息技术。Logistics terminologi

10、es of the Peoples Republic of China National Standard(GB/T18354-2001):Logistics is the physical flow of goods from point of origin to point of consumption and the effective combination of such basic functions as transportation, warehousing and storage, load and unload, goods handling, packing, distr

11、ibution processing, delivery, information management, and so on.物流是物品从货源地向消费地的实体流动过程。根据实际需要，将运输、仓储、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实施有效结合。 What are the specific activities that should be included within logistics management?应包括在物流管理内的具体活动是客户服务、交通、运输、仓储、厂房和仓库选址、库存控制、订单处理、销售沟通、采购、材料处理、零件和服务支持,抢救财货和废料处理、包装、退

12、货处理和需求预测。Customer service ,traffic and transportation ,warehousing and storage , plant and warehouse site selection , inventory control, order processing , distribution communications , procurement , material handling , parts and service support , salvage and scrap disposal , packing , return goods

13、handling ,and demand forecasting.Question：What are the reasons for the importance of logistics ?1.Managers in various companies become aware of the importance of logistics since logistics can bring strategic advantage to the companies. 2.Another important factor for logistics is that it impacts cost

14、 and service quality in companies.3. The globalization of world economy also increases the importance of logistics. The multinational corporations have turned the whole world into a big factory. It is through the logistical process that materials flow into the manufacturing capacity and products are

15、 distributed to consumers.4. The outsourcing practices help greatly the increasing of newly emerging enterprises in logistic industry, such as third party logistics companies, specialized warehousing companies. The recent growth of global commerce and the introduction of e-commerce have expected the

16、 size of complexity of logistical operations.1.Transportation2.Warehousing3.Inventory control4.Purchasing or procurement5.Order processing 1.Transportation Transportation concerns the movement of products from a source, such as a plant or factory, to a destination, such as a warehouse or retail stor

17、e. Transportation may take place via air, water, rail, road, pipeline, or cable routes and using planes, boats, trains, trucks, and telecommunications equipment as the means of transportation. How to minimize transportation costs while meeting demand for products? Transportation costs generally depe

18、nd upon the distance between the source and the destination, the means of transportation chosen, and the size and quantity of the product to be shipped. 2.Warehousing Warehousing is the activity of warehouse managing. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities or towns. The

19、y come equipped with loading docks to load and unload trucks, sometimes are loaded directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They also often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets loaded into pallet racks.3.Inventory control Inventory contro

20、l is the implementation of managing inventory in a manner that assures the goals of inventory management are met. The goal of inventory control is to be sure that optimum levels of inventories are available, that there are minimal stock outs, and that inventory is maintained in a safe, secure place

21、and is always readily accessible to the proper personnel.4.Purchasing or procurementPurchasing or procurement is the activing of buying the goods and services that a company needs to manufacture products.5.Order processing Order processing usually means the transmission of sales order information to

22、 the various departments concerned in the company. Logistics is an integrated activity, which usually involves many functions, divisions, companies, etc Traditionally, logistics involves the function areas as purchasing, inventory control, warehousing, materials handling, order processing, transport

23、ation, customer service, and facility location or network design, and so on. Those activities are intermingled together. If one of them is not dealt with properly, other function or functions may suffer. In modern times, logistics are increasing involving more and more companies. As a time of the sp

24、reading of transnational corporations, the number of companies involved in the international logistics tends to be bigger. Furthermore, as more and more companies become specialized in logistics, some companies are outsourcing their inner logistics tasks which are traditionally provided by their own

25、. In most of the companies, especially those larger ones, logistics functions are performed in different divisions. Logistics need the concerted efforts of those divisions concerned.1.Globalization2.Information Technology3.Future Challenges1.Globalization With the advent of globalization, firms bega

26、n to seek ways of cutting their production costs. Thus, multi-national corporations re-located their factors of production to low-wage countries to gain a competitive advantage. Increasingly, more and more countries are joining in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and opening their country to forei

27、gn capital investment(most recently in China). Thus, the new challenge is how to manage the product and information flows around the world. The increased pressure on managing these operations further underscored the importance of logistics as an area for optimization.2.Information Technology Another contributor that led to an increased presence for logistics was the explosion in