广东省2016中考英语总复习语法课件专题九：动词的时态

1、 第一轮复习第一轮复习 语法专题语法专题专题九专题九 动词的时态动词的时态考考 点点 梳梳 理理中中 考考 链链 接接广广 东东 真真 题题考考 点点 精精 练练( ) 1. Dont disturb Allen now. He _ for the Spelling Bee competition. (2015广东） A. prepares B. prepared C.is preparing D. will prepare ( ) 2. Lei Feng _ for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. (2015广东） A.

2、 died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead 广东真题广东真题CD 广东真题广东真题( ) 3. - I didnt see you at the beginning of the party last night. - I _ on my biology report at that time. A. worked B. work (2014广东） C. was working D. am working( ) 4. - What do you think of the new foreign teacher Thomson? (2014广东）

3、 - Pretty good. I think he _ a great job so far. A. does B. did C. has done D. was doneCC( ) 5. Todays young people cant live without smart phones. They keep their hands on the phones whenever they go, even while they _ meals. A. had B . will have C. are having D. were having（2013广东）( ) 6. -Your sho

4、es are so old. Why dont you buy a new pair? （2013广东） -Because I _ all my money on an MP5. A. spend B. have spent C. am spending D. was spendingB 广东真题广东真题C( ) 7. Jenny _in the chicken when you called her at 5 oclock this afternoon? （2012广东） A. is cooking B. was cooking C. cooks D. cooked( ) 8. Our En

5、glish teacher is very nice. We _ friends since three years ago. （2012广东） A. were B. became C. have been D. have made( ) 9. Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? （2011广东） Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _ for her. A. waited B. have waited C. am waiting D. was waitingBC 广东真题广东真题C( ) 10. Our math teacher _ i

6、n our school for 20 years and he _ here when he was 23 years old. A. has taught； has come B. taught； comes C. taught； came D. has taught； came(2011广东)( ) 11. Do you know her well? （2010广东） Sure. We_ friends since ten years ago. A. were B. have made C. have been D. have become( ) 12. Louis_ computer

7、games when his brother phoned her. （2010广东） A. plays B. is playing C. has played D. was playingDC 广东真题广东真题D 英语动词有五种基本形式：动词原形、动词第三英语动词有五种基本形式：动词原形、动词第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。这人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。这四种动词形式和助动词一起构成动词的时态，语态四种动词形式和助动词一起构成动词的时态，语态和语气。和语气。 1. 动词的原形。就是词典中所给的形式。 例如：be，have，buy，sit. 考点梳理考点梳理2. 动

8、词第三人称单数形式仅用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时态的句子。构成方法如下：（1）一般加-s，如helps, reads（2）以s, ch, sh,x,o字母结尾的动词，加-es。 如：watch- watches, fix-fixes, go-goes（3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改为i，再加-es。 如：study-studies3. 动词过去式和过去分词的构成有规则的和不规则的两种形式。（1） 一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed 如：worked，played，wanted，acted （2） 以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词，动词词尾加 -d。 如：lived，moved，deci

9、ded，wiped （3） 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed。例如：studied，tried，copied（4） 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母加 -ed。如：stopped，dropped（5）不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。再加 go - went，make - made，get - got. 4. 动词的现在分词由动词原形加 -ing 构成。构成方法如下： （1） 一般情况在动词原形后加 -ing 。 如：go - going stand -standing （2） 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，去掉 e ，再加 -ing. 如

10、：arrive- arriving（3） 重读闭音节的动词，需双写辅音字母再加 ing。如：get- getting（4） 少数几个以 -ie 结尾的动词，须将 ie 变成 y ，再加 ing. 如：die-dying lie-lying 考点一：一般现在时（考点一：一般现在时（ am/is/are或或 does/do）1. 表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯，常与表示频率的副词连用。如：always，usually，often，sometimes ，seldom，never，every day，twice a month等。 I leave home for school at

11、7 every morning. 考点梳理考点梳理2. 表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.（注意）此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 Columbus proved that the earth is round. 3. 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.4. 表示按时间拟定的或安排好的将要发生的事情，可用一般现在时来表将来的动作。常用于这些动词如come，go，move，stop，le

12、ave，arrive，be，finish，continue，start 等， The train comes at 3 oclock. 5. 在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Ill help you as soon as you have problem. Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him. A 考点再现考点再现考点再现( ) 1. - I dont know if Mr. Li to the party this evening. - I think he will come if he free. A. will

13、 come; is B. will come; will be C. comes; is D. comes; will be( ) 2. Now my father his bike to work every day instead of driving. A. ride B. rode C. rides D. will rideC 考点二：一般过去时（考点二：一般过去时（was/were或或did）表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或存在的状态。其标志性的时间状语有：yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，two days ago，

14、in the past，just now，in 1990等，有时候不出现时间状语，需要通过上下文来判断。 I worked in that factory last year. 【注意】一般过去时中也常与always，usually，often，sometimes ，seldom，never，every day，twice a month等连用，表过去某一段时间内经常发生的动作。 【试比较】 Mary always gives me a surprise every Christmas. 每年圣诞节玛丽都要给我一个惊喜。（说明经常性的动作） Mary always gave me a surp

15、rise every Christmas. 过去玛丽每年圣诞节都要给我一个惊喜。（说明过去的情况） C 考点再现考点再现考点再现( ) 3. - You have found your lost umbrella, havent you? - Yes. I it behind the door this afternoon. A. have found B. will find C. found D. find( ) 4. - Do you know who cleaned the blackboard, Tina? - Yes. John . A. do B. does C. did D.

16、doingC 考点三：一般将来时考点三：一般将来时一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在状态，也可表示将来反复发生的动作或存在的状态。其标志性的时间状语有：tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，next week，in the future等。1. will/shall do 表示单纯的将来的动作或状态。Shall只用于第一人称。 He will go to see his mother every Saturday. I shall attend the meeting tomorrow. 2. be going to do 表示近期内的计划打算要发生的动作或表有迹象表

17、明将要发生的动作。 I am going to Beijing next week. Look at the clouds，it is going to rain. 3. 在与条件状语从句或时间状语从句时，主句需用will/shall do，而不用be going to do。 If you go to the party，you will have a good time.4. 在表示意愿色彩的将来时，需用will，而不用shall或be going to do。 I will （愿意） try my best to help you if necessary.C 考点再现考点再现考点再现(

18、 ) 5. Chen Guangbiao says he all his money to charities when he dies. A. leaves B. left C. will leave D. would leave( ) 6. If there is any change to the plan, I you as soon as possible. A. told B. have told C. tell D. will tellD 考点四：现在进行时（考点四：现在进行时（am/is/are doing）1. 表示说话时正在发生或进行的动作，它注重现在正在进行的动作，而不管

19、动作从什么时间开始，到什么时间结束。其标志性的时间状语有：now，at present，at the moment，right now等. 还有两个动词标志：look，listen What are you doing now？ Look! The boy is flying the kite.2. 表示目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）。其标志性的时间状语有：these days，this month等。 The students are preparing for the examination these days. 3. 某些位置移动的动词如arrive，co

20、me，go，leavestart，return等可用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。 They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. He is leaving tomorrow.4. 现在进行时若与always，all the time之类的词连用，则含有感情色彩，表示厌烦、赞扬等。 He is always telling us strange stories. 他总是讲那些奇怪的故事给我们听。（表厌烦） He is always thinking of others. 他总是想着其他的人。（表赞扬） B 考点再现考点再现考点再现( ) 7. Listen! Th

21、e phone . Please go to answer it. A. rings B. is ringing C. rang D. will ring( ) 8. -Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? -Jenny hasnt come back yet. I for her. A. waited B. have waited C. am waiting D. was waitingC 考点五：过去进行时（考点五：过去进行时（was/were doing）1. 表示过去某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作。其标志性的时间状语有：then （那时），at that

22、time （当时），this time yesterday （昨天这个时候），at 7:00 yesterday evening （昨晚七点的时候），when （一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行） 等。 He was watching TV at that time. 当时他在看电视。 When I passed by yesterday，you were playing chess. 当我昨天经过的时候，你在下棋。 2. 表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作。其标志性的时间状语有：last night，the whole morning （整个早上），from 7:00 to 9:00 ye

23、sterday evening，while等。 We are working from 2:00 to 4:00 yesterday afternoon. While my mother was cooking，I was doing my homework. D 考点再现考点再现考点再现( ) 9. - I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered. - Sorry, I with my friends at that time. A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimmi

24、ng( ) 10. I was very angry with John, he just _when I spoke to him. A. isnt listening B. hasnt listened C. didnt listen D. wasnt listeningD 考点六：现在完成时（考点六：现在完成时（have/has done） 1. 表过去的动作对现在造成了影响和结果。 I have opened the door. = I opened the door. Now the door is still open. She has lost her book.= She lo

25、st her book. Now she is looking for it everywhere. They have come here.= They came here. Now they are still here.2. 过去开始的动作持续到现在，或者还有可能持续下去。（常与since / for 短语连用） I have lived here for ten years. He has learned English since three years ago. 3. 时间状语（标志词）（1） already；never；ever；just；yet；twice （2） since

26、/ for短语 （3）so far （4）单独的before（5） in the past/ last 200 years / over the years 【注意】 since + 过去时间 /过去时从句， for + 时间段， 提问用how long。Tom has been in China for two years. How long has Tom been in China？He has been at this school since he came here.How long has he been at this school？ 4. “短命”动词与“长命”动词之间的转化

27、：现在完成时的第二种用法中，表示的是“过去开始的动作持续到现在”，所以该类用法中要求谓语动词必须使用延续性动词（简称“长命动词”）。在该用法中应将非延续性动词（简称“短命动词”）转化为延续性动词。 常见的转化如下：buyhave ；borrowkeep ； diebe dead ；leavebe away （from）； come backbe back fall asleepbe asleep openbe open ；catch a coldhave a cold； go /get outbe out；beginbe on； joinbe in +集体（或be + 成员get to kno

28、w （相识）know（认识）；turn onbe on；turn offbe off ； get a letter fromhave a letter fromend /finishbe over； get upbe up； arrive （reach / get to / come to） +地点be in +地点； 如：1. 他父亲死了十年了。His father died ten years ago. = His father has been dead for ten years. = His father has been dead since ten years ago. = It

29、 is ten years since his father died. 2. 这本书我买了两年了。 I bought the book two years ago. = I have had the book for two years. = I have had the book since two years ago. 5. has/have been to sw. 表示已经到过某地，人已经回来了。 I have been to Beijing twice. has/have gone to sw. 表示去了某地，人还没回来 The man cant be our math teache

30、r, because he has gone to Beijing. has/have been in/at sw.+一段时间 表示某人在某地已经在了多久 He has been in Beijing for 10 years. A 考点再现考点再现考点再现( ) 11. Are you going to the bank, Laura? No, I to the bank already. A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been( ) 12. Why are you worried? Im expecting a call from my daughter. She _ New York for three days. A. h