高二英语虚拟语气的用法

1、subjunctive moodGrammar1.英语动词有三种语气，英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和祈使语气和虚拟语气虚拟语气。2.2. 定义：用来表示说的话定义：用来表示说的话不是事实不是事实，或者是或者是不可能发生不可能发生或可能性比较小可能性比较小的的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义一、虚拟语气定义Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you. If I were a bir

2、d, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句虚拟条件句） (真实条件句真实条件句）What would you do if you won the lottery?If I won the lottery, I wouldIf I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）与现在事实相反）If I won the lottery, I would buy a villa.（与现在事实相反）（与现在事实相反）If he had got up early, he would not have been

3、late for school.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。If he _ （drive) more carefully, he _ (not have) the car accident yesterday.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）had driven would not have had If I _ (learn ) how to swim,I _ (be) trapped in this island.（与过去事实相反）（与过去事实相反）had learntwould not have been假如他来了假

4、如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看见我假如他看见我, 就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me, he would know me.一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去现在现在 将来将来一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight现在现在助动

5、词助动词 be用用 were 实义动词实义动词 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight将来将来did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight1.If I were you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain h

6、ad been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able BCA二二. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个

7、命令：order, command 三条建议：三条建议：advise, suggest, propose四项要求：四项要求：demand , require, request, ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should + should + 动词原动词原形，或者将形，或者将shouldshould省略。省略。1.1.我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。

8、他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.We suggested that Tom2.He insisted that I present.4.They requested that we3.The king ordered that the prisoners should have a rest.(should) beShould be killedthe next day.should send themto work there. 2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使

9、用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desiredemand, request, desire Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemic

10、al factory should be closed down.三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；三、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；1）wish + 宾语从句宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V. should I wish I were a bird. (现在现在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去过去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来未来)I wish I _a bird.wereI

11、wish every day _my birthday.wereI wish/wished I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten2）would rather that -现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来： I would rather you _(pay) me now. (现在现在) I would rather you _ (go) there yesterday. (过去过去) Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时paid me had g

12、onecame3） as if /though + 从句从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时 They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring.4).Its （high） time +that -should +V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its time that we .Its time th

13、at we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould go5）If only (要是要是就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!6）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important a pity+ t