俄罗斯全面中英文介绍PPT课件

1、俄罗斯全面中英文介绍 鱼子酱鱼子酱,有时是黑鱼子酱有时是黑鱼子酱,是一是一种奢侈美味种奢侈美味,包括加工过包括加工过,腌制腌制过过,未经杀菌的鱼子未经杀菌的鱼子.鱼子受精鱼子受精的组成可以是的组成可以是“新鲜新鲜”（非（非巴氏杀菌）或巴氏杀菌巴氏杀菌）或巴氏杀菌,后者后者的美食和经济价值要少得多的美食和经济价值要少得多.Caviar, sometimes black Caviar, sometimes black caviar, is a luxury caviar, is a luxury delicacy, consisting of delicacy, consisting of pro

2、cessed, salted, non-processed, salted, non-fertilized sturgeon roe.The fertilized sturgeon roe.The roe can be fresh (non-roe can be fresh (non-pasteurized) or pasteurized, pasteurized) or pasteurized, the latter having much less the latter having much less gastronomic and economic gastronomic and ec

3、onomic value.value.Borscht, which is sometimes also spelled Borscht, which is sometimes also spelled borsch and borshch, is a lovely vegetable borsch and borshch, is a lovely vegetable soup that is almost always made with soup that is almost always made with beets.beets. 罗宋汤（罗宋汤（borschtborscht），），有时

4、也拼作有时也拼作borschborsch和和borshchborshch，是一种美味，是一种美味的蔬菜汤，大多数情况下是用甜菜煮成。的蔬菜汤，大多数情况下是用甜菜煮成。In some countries tomato may occur as In some countries tomato may occur as the main ingredient, while beetroot acts as the main ingredient, while beetroot acts as a secondary ingredient.a secondary ingredient.此外，马铃薯

5、也可能是罗宋汤的主料，而此外，马铃薯也可能是罗宋汤的主料，而甜菜根则是第二主料。甜菜根则是第二主料。Borscht can be spiced up with roasted Borscht can be spiced up with roasted apples and smoked goose breast.apples and smoked goose breast.罗宋罗宋汤可以用烘烤过的苹果和熏鹅脯来提味。汤可以用烘烤过的苹果和熏鹅脯来提味。 达瓦里希，Hi 1. Say Hello1.Russians are very particular about the call, but

6、if you just to deal with them，You dont have to worry about this very much.2.In the streets, shops, you can call each other you (威), or comrade (达瓦里西).3.If further conversation, you can according to the other sex and age, are called Sir (嘎斯巴季尼), Miss (捷乌什嘎), Ms. (达姆), Friends (得路克) , young man (马拉多依)

7、.俄罗斯人对称呼相当讲究称呼，不过如果你和他们只是一般打打交道，就不用清楚所有的章法了。在大街、商店，你可称对方“您”(威)，或“同志”(达瓦里希)。如果进一步交谈，你可以按对方性别年龄，分别称“先生”(嘎斯巴季尼)、“小姐”“捷乌什嘎”、“女士”(达姆)、“朋友”(得路克)、“小伙子”(马拉多依)。2.Greeting EtiquetteRussians meeting etiquette is shaking hands,in general,they havent seen each other for a long time,they will kissing and hugging

8、each other.moreover,man will kiss ladys hands. 俄罗斯人一般的见面礼是握手，久别的亲朋好友常用亲吻拥抱礼，男士一般吻女士的手背4.Clothing EtiquetteIn Russian folk, married women must wear headscarves;unmarried girls are not wearing headscarves, but often wear a hat.在俄罗斯民间，已婚妇女必须戴头巾；未婚姑娘则不戴头巾，但常戴帽子。3.Guest EtiquetteIn the formal circumstanc

9、e, Russians using the “bread of salt” to greet guests and show the highest respect and warmest welcome.在隆重的场合，俄罗斯人用“面包加盐”的方式迎接贵宾表示最高的敬意和最热烈的欢迎。The urban environment of RussiaRussia has nine time zones（时区）, as the worlds largest Russias murder rate is twice as much as in the United StatesRussias Lake

10、 Baikal（贝加尔湖） has twenty percent of the worlds fresh water 苏联解体之后，俄罗斯进行了复杂而深刻的变革，确立了以总统为国家元首、内阁对议会负责、三权分立、地方自治的政治制度，形成了总统共和制的民主联邦国家。1993年12月12日经全民投票通过，同年12月25日正式生效。该宪法是俄罗斯独立后的第一部宪法，规定俄罗斯是共和制的民主联邦法制国家，确立了总统制的国家领导体制。这样的制度移植在与本土政治、经济和文化传统碰撞、融合过程中又不可避免地产生出自己的特点，如超级总统制、有限的联邦制、政权党，等。After Soviet Union dis

11、integrates, Russia has carried on complex andthe profound transformation, established take president as the head of state, the cabinet has been responsible for, the separation of powers,the local self-government politics system for the parliament, has formed president the republican system democrati

12、c federation country.On December 12, 1993 voted Japan economy (stock) all the people passes, on December 25 officially became effective in the same year.After this constitution is the Russian independence first constitution, stipulated Russia is the republican system democratic federation state with

13、 an adequate legal system, has established the presidential system national leadership system.Such system transplant in with the native place politics, the economical and in the cultural tradition collision, the fusion process theinevitable real estate gives birth own characteristic, like super pres

14、idential system, limited federal system, political power party, and so on.Russian Culture战斗民族的文化Literature(文学) Leo Tolstoy（列夫托尔斯泰） is one of Russias great novelists.One of his most famous novels,War and Peace（战争与和平）(1869),showed deep concern for moral issues and for the welfare of the Russian people

15、.Religion（信仰） By far,the most commom religion in Russia is Orthodox Christianity (东正教)This is the Eastern branch of Christianity that spread to Russia in the 900s and became the state religion.Customs(习俗） Russia useful bread(面包) and salt（盐） to meet the honored guest habit. With brad and salt respect

16、ion guests,because salt in history is very expensive,has followed so far,say to the honored guest friendly and respect.RUSSIAN MILITARY俄罗斯军事 After years of reform , several large-scale Russian military disarmament , the Russian armed forces has been changing the strength of the case , through the pu

17、blic media materials statistics, the latest Russian military strength is: personnel strength of approximately 1,132,000 soldiers , 867,000 civilian personnel. Russian armed forces system consists of three military services ( Army , Air Force, Navy ) , 3 arms ( strategic rocket troops , aerospace def

18、ense, airborne ) composed of the following , according to the order of the branches of the military , the latest Russian military strength to be brief .RUSSIAN ARMY GeNeRAL（俄陆军概况） ARMY heAdqUARTeRS IN MoScow , The cURReNT coMMANdeR NIkoLAI ZAITSev coLe MILI GeNeRAL , The ToTAL NUMbeR of AboUT 32.2 M

19、ILLIoN peopLe , ARMS of The ARMY IS foRMed wITh MoToRIZed INfANTRY , TANk cRewS , ARTILLeRY ANd RockeT TRoopS , ARMed foRceS, AIR defeNSe, SpecIAL foRceS coNSTITUTING A cAR , RecoNNAISSANce , coMMUNIcATIoNS , RAdIo-eLecTRoNIc wARfARe UNITS , Nbc pRoTecTIoN foRceS ( ThRee ANTI- MILITARY ) , SecURITY

20、foRceS LoGISTIcS , TechNIcAL SUppoRT foRceS. RUSSIAN fedeRATIoN ARMed foRceS ARMY MILITARY oRGANIZATIoN exISTING SIx , NINe coRpS, AN ARMY , STReNGTheN The ReGIoN , MILITARY INSTITUTIoNS, eNTeRpRISeS, oRGANIZATIoNS dIRecTLY UNdeR The ceNTRAL foRceS.RUSSIAN AIR foRce GeNeRAL（俄空俄空军概况军概况） AIR foRce heAdqUARTeRS IN The oUTSkIRTS of MoScow RAYS TowN , The cURReNT coMMANdeR vL