教师版：介词、连词,

1、 连连 词词 conjunction连词连词(conjunction) 用于连接单词、短语、从句用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。 连词按其性质可分为连词按其性质可分为_和和_并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词一、并列连词一、并列连词 (Coordinating Conjunctions)属性属性连接词连接词典型例句典型例句并并列列关关系系and,bothand,not only.but also,neither.nor., or, or else,either.or.,otherwise Their car broke downha

2、lfway and they hadto stay in a small inn for the night. Either you or I ammad.一、并列连词一、并列连词 (Coordinating Conjunctions)属性属性连接词连接词典型例句典型例句转折关系转折关系but, yet, not but,while(对比对比)Mary was a nice girl, but she had one shortcoming.因果关系因果关系for(不能位于句不能位于句首首)，soSomeone is coming, for the dog is barking.考查重点考查重

3、点1：祈使句祈使句+ and/or+陈述句陈述句 考查考查_；考查考查_；考查陈述句谓语部分的考查陈述句谓语部分的_;祈使句祈使句+and+简单句，相当于简单句，相当于_条件句条件句+主句；主句； 祈使句祈使句+or+简单句，相当于否定的条件句简单句，相当于否定的条件句+主句主句连词连词 and/or前面祈使句前面祈使句时态时态if 1) Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you. 2) Start out right away, or you_ (miss)

4、 the first train. 3) Lets keep to the point _ we will never reach any decisions. 4) Dont be discouraged. _ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Takenandwill missorCPractice:考查重点考查重点2： not onlybut (also) “不但不但而且而且” （重心在（重心在_）连接相同的结构。连接相同的结构。 No

5、t only you but also I am right.Jacob is honored not only for what he has done, but (also)for what he is.后者后者 not onlybut also 连接并列分句时，连接并列分句时， 若若not only 位于句首，位于句首， 它所在分句谓语要它所在分句谓语要部分倒装。部分倒装。 Not only _I _(respect)my parents, but I also try to live up to their expectations. do respectNot only you bu

6、t also Cora _ (be)to blame for his accident.was not onlybut also 连接并列主语时，连接并列主语时， 谓语动词就近原则。谓语动词就近原则。另外：另外：由由either or, neithernor, notbut等连接等连接的并列主语的并列主语,谓语也与靠近的名词、代词在谓语也与靠近的名词、代词在“人称、数人称、数”上一致。上一致。考查重点考查重点3：otherwiseotherwise “否则，要不然否则，要不然” 试比较：试比较：1).We must be back before midnight, otherwise well

7、 be locked out.2).We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him.注意：根据句意，其中的条件是真实的，注意：根据句意，其中的条件是真实的，就用就用陈述语气陈述语气；如果条件不是真实的就；如果条件不是真实的就用用虚拟语气虚拟语气。 Practice: 单选：单选： 1.The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, _they will save us money in the long run. A.or B. but C.for

8、 D. since 2. At school, some students are active _ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another. A. while B. so C. although D. as 改错：改错： 1、Although he was ill, but he went to school. 2、Because there are no classes tomorrow，so they will go on a picnic. A B去掉去掉but去掉去掉so 介介 词词 prepositio

9、n介词介词（preposition），通常出现在名词、名），通常出现在名词、名词词组或代词等之前。介词短语在句中可以词词组或代词等之前。介词短语在句中可以做做_、_、_、_定语 状语 补语 表语 The poor girl is in tears. 2. Make yourself at home. 3. Thanks to your advice, we completed the project on time. 4. I have lived in London since 2005. 5. The man next to Bill is from Spain. 6. We held a

10、 party in honor of our friends. 表语表语补语补语原因状语原因状语时间状语时间状语定语定语目的状语目的状语判断下列句子中介词短语做什么成分？判断下列句子中介词短语做什么成分？重点介词重点介词1：between根据例句总结根据例句总结between用法用法1).Whats the difference between the two words?2).There does not seem much difference between the three of them. Summary：between一般指一般指“两者之间两者之间”，还，还可以用来指三个或三个以

11、上的人或物的每两可以用来指三个或三个以上的人或物的每两个之间。个之间。 注意这些重点介词注意这些重点介词重点介词重点介词2：across:The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.Summary: across 与与on 有关，意为有关，意为from one side to the other side of (sth),表示动作在物体表示动作在物体的表面进行，从一边到另一边。的表

12、面进行，从一边到另一边。 与与 through 的区别：的区别：through与与in 有关有关, 表示动表示动作从物体中间穿过。作从物体中间穿过。用介词用介词 across, through 填空：填空：My house is just _ the street.Water will be pumped_ a pipe.Do you think this shirt is too tight_ the shoulders?此外，此外，across 与静态动词连用时表示与静态动词连用时表示“在在(街、街、河等河等)对面对面”或或“在在(身体某部位身体某部位)上上”以及以及“遍及遍及”的意思。如

13、：的意思。如： The school is across the river. He has a giant scar across his chest. Her family is scattered across the country.acrossthroughacrossagainst 意为意为“反对反对”，还有，还有“倚靠，逆着，相倚靠，逆着，相反，在反，在的衬托下，的衬托下， 与与比赛比赛”等意思。注等意思。注意：表示意：表示“赞成赞成”的介词是的介词是for与与in favour of 同义同义翻译：翻译：1.Thats against the law.2.She was for

14、ced to marry against her will.3.The skiers red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.那是违法的。她被迫违心的嫁了人滑雪者的红衣服在雪的衬托下显得分外醒目重点介词重点介词3：against重点介词重点介词4： with总结下面句子里总结下面句子里with的含义：的含义：1). Kill two birds with one stone.2).I dont have any money with me.3). People tend to grow more patient with age.4).Yo

15、u shouldnt talk with food in your mouth.5). She was shivering with cold.用用(工具，手段，材料工具，手段，材料)因为因为随着随着在在状况下状况下带着带着注意：注意：with为介词为介词“随着随着”之意，后接名词之意，后接名词或名词短语或名词短语as与与with同义，后接从句。同义，后接从句。用用 with, as 填空填空(1)_ the day went on，the weather got worse.(2)_ the production up by 60%，the company had had another e

16、xcellent year.AsWith重点介词重点介词 5：by1.通过短语理解通过短语理解by的含义：的含义：learn by heart by way ofby profession by lawby the hourby far by check记牢记牢经由经由在职业上在职业上按照法律按照法律按小时按小时到目前为止到目前为止2.翻译：翻译：1).By the time this letter reaches you I will have left the country.你收到信时，我已离开这个国家。你收到信时，我已离开这个国家。用支票用支票2).Houses prices went

17、 up by 10%3).I took him by the hand.4).The old man made a living by selling newspapers.房价上涨了房价上涨了10%我拉着他的手我拉着他的手老人靠卖报纸谋生老人靠卖报纸谋生重点介词重点介词 6. beyond1). She has a salary beyond your wildest dreams.2). Put the bottle beyond Alices reach.3).My house is just beyond the river.4)Theres nothing in my room be

18、yond a bed and a telephone.Summary：在在的那一边；（时间，年龄，的那一边；（时间，年龄，期待等）超过；（能力，程度）超出，期待等）超过；（能力，程度）超出，为为所不能及；所不能及； 除除之外之外Practice：1).Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain_ an inch.A. by B. at C. to D. From2). It was a pity that the great writer died his works unfinished. A.for B.with C.from D.of3

19、). Sorry, Madam.Youd better come tomorrow because its the visiting hours. A.during B.at C.beyond D.beforeABC4). This new model of car is so expensive that it is the reach of those with average incomes. A.over B.within C.beyond D.below5) You are so lucky. What do you mean that？A. for B. in C. of D. b

20、yCDat的用法的用法:表示时间的一点，时刻等表示时间的一点，时刻等,如：如： at12:00, at noon, at night, at midnight, at dusk, at dawn, at sunrise/sunsetin的用法的用法:表示在某段较长的时间内（如表示在某段较长的时间内（如:世纪、世纪、年代、朝代、月份以及泛指上午、下午和傍年代、朝代、月份以及泛指上午、下午和傍晚等）如：晚等）如： in the 1980s, in 1979, in the Qing dynasty, in Qctober, in the morning/afternoon/evening1. 表示

21、时间的介词表示时间的介词 at, in, on注意这些介词的区别：注意这些介词的区别：on的用法：的用法：1)表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间,如如:on Monday, on a rainy day, on National Day 等等 2)表示特定的上午、下午或晚上，表示特定的上午、下午或晚上， 如：如： on the morning of January the third, on the afternoon of his arrival等等Practice:在星期天上午在星期天上午_ 在三月初在三月初_在儿童节在儿童节_在在19世纪世纪20年代年代_On

22、Sunday morningin early March on Childrens Dayin the 1820s “ in + 段时间段时间”与与将来时将来时连用连用 “ after + 段时间段时间”与与过去时过去时连用连用 “ after + 点时间点时间”与与将来时将来时连用连用Practice : My mother will come back _ three or four days. He arrived _ five months. She will appear _ five oclock this afternoon.inafterafter2. in, after表示表

23、示 “以后以后”3. for, since表时间时表时间时for后接时间段；后接时间段；since后接时间点后接时间点1)Tom has been doing his homework since seven oclock.2)I have worked here for three years.True or False：1). Now Mr.Brown lives in London. He lived America for almost fifteen years 2). I hadnt heard from him since last year. TFhavent4.during,

24、 through, over表示时间表示时间用用during, through, over 填空填空1).He often falls asleep _the class.2).The children are too young to sit _the concert.3).We had a pleasant chat _a cup of tea.Summary: during表示在表示在期间或者在期间或者在期间的期间的某个时候某个时候; through表示自始至终；直到，一表示自始至终；直到，一直到；直到； over表示在表示在期间；一边期间；一边一边一边duringthroughover

25、Practice:1). Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years. A. through B. up C. withD. from2). Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy_ the past couple of weeks. A. beyond B. with C. among D. over3). They stayed with me for two weeks, _they drank all the b

26、eer I had. A. for which B. which time C. during which time D. for which timeADC6.until/tilltill与与until同义，但不如同义，但不如until正式正式,句首常用句首常用until.表示持续的动作或状态在某一刻结束。表示持续的动作或状态在某一刻结束。掌握句型：掌握句型：“直到直到才才”notuntil It was not until thatNot until主句倒装主句倒装Practice:1). Not until the early years of the 19th century_ (ma

27、n know) what heat is. 2).It was not until 8 oclock in the morning_(妹妹才起床妹妹才起床)did man knowthat my sister got up.besides “除除之外还有之外还有”，包括在内；，包括在内；except “除除之外之外” 不包括在内；不包括在内；except for “除了除了”，它所叙述的事实或细节，它所叙述的事实或细节部分用来修正句子的主要意思；部分用来修正句子的主要意思；other than “除除之外之外”,通常用于否定句通常用于否定句;but “除了除了”用于用于no, any, eve

28、ry, all, last, next等限等限定词和定词和who, where, what等疑问词之后。等疑问词之后。7. besides, except, except for, other than,but “除了除了” I cant eat anything _porridge. _ Mr. Wang, we also went to see the film. _ was covered in the newspaper, he knew nothing about the accident. Theres nothing to do _ wait. Your composition

29、is good _ some spelling mistakes.BesidesExcept whatbutPractice：other thanexcept foras 指身份、资格，指身份、资格， 意为意为“作为作为”， like用于说明相似关系，即两者在形态或特性上用于说明相似关系，即两者在形态或特性上有相似之处，但并不等同。有相似之处，但并不等同。用用as, like 填空填空1)_most students，she was always prepared and never came to class late.2)_ the chief engineer，you should an

30、swer for this terrible accident.LikeAs8.as，like“for + 一段时间或距离一段时间或距离”中的中的for 常被省略常被省略1).The rain lasted (for) a whole afternoon.2). The desert stretches (for) thousands of miles.注意：注意：for 在在否定句中否定句中或或句首时句首时不可省略：不可省略：1).We havent seen each other for a long time.2). For a whole month, there is no rain

31、.1. for 的省略的省略注意这介词省略的情况：注意这介词省略的情况：be busy (in) doinghave difficulty/ trouble (in) doinghave a good time (in) doinghave fun (in) doingwaste (in) doingspend (in) doingstop/prevent sb (from) doing sth2. ing结构前介词的省略结构前介词的省略 this morning, that day, every Sunday last month; each week; any day;all day; n

32、ext day/week; one day ;some day 3.在在 last, next, this, that, one, each, every, some, any, all 开头的表示时间的短语之前的开头的表示时间的短语之前的 at, on, in 通常要省略。如：通常要省略。如：1). 动词不定式作定语时，动词不定式作定语时， 如果所修饰的名如果所修饰的名词在逻辑上与不定式有动宾关系，词在逻辑上与不定式有动宾关系， 不及物不及物动词构成的不定式后要加上相应的介词。动词构成的不定式后要加上相应的介词。The poor man has no room to live in.注意不要

33、漏掉介词的情况注意不要漏掉介词的情况2) 在定语从句中，如果关系代词是从句谓语在定语从句中，如果关系代词是从句谓语动词的宾语，而这个动词是不及物动词，或动词的宾语，而这个动词是不及物动词，或介词与关系代词一起表示时间，地点等时，介词与关系代词一起表示时间，地点等时，都要有相应的介词。都要有相应的介词。 I dont know the man my father talked to just now. Ill never forget the day on which I saw Premier Zhou for the first time. attend attend tojoinjoin in believebelieve in出席会议等出席会议等注意注意,照顾照顾参加（组织）参加（组织）参加活动参加活动相信相信的话的话信任信任注意一介之差，意义不同注意一介之差，意义不同Practice：1). He will nev