钻头基础培训

1、D3-001-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsDRILLING钻头钻头TAPPING丝锥丝锥MILLING铣刀铣刀BASIC NOMECLATURE ROTATING TOOLS.Training for Salesengineer Harald PreusserD3-002-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsTwist drill made by P. Cook, 1770Twist drill for metal, 1822D3-003-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools40% of all metal

2、cutting operations are drilling operations.40%的金属加工是孔加工的金属加工是孔加工80% of all drilling operations is short hole drilling (l : d 5 : 1).80%的孔加工属于短孔加工的孔加工属于短孔加工D3-004-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsFeed 进给进给Rotation 旋转旋转Drive movements.D3-005-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsComponents of resultant force a

3、ction on cutting edge of drillB4_007_E.pptD3-006-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsTool material刀具材料刀具材料Flute排削槽排削槽Tip 钻尖钻尖Shank柄部柄部D3-007-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsChip formation 铁削形成Sources: Sandvik CoromantB4_001_E.pptD3-008-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolsd 0.02 . 0.08100dBack taper.D3-009-0008

4、-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolsd + 1 - 2 mm100d1 : 50heavy1 : 50 normal1 : 801: 100smallWeb taper.D3-0010-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsPlain cylindrical圆柱柄圆柱柄Morse taper莫式柄莫式柄Standard shank标准柄标准柄Different drill shanks.不同的钻头柄部模式D3-0011-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsBody clearancediameterDepthof bodycl

5、earanceChisel edgeangleWeb orcorethicknessHeelMain cuttingEdge主切削刃主切削刃Outer cornerDiameter直径直径ChiseledgeLandD3-0012-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolsa aa a = = clearance angle Clearance angle.后角D3-0013-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools10% of diameterForm A Web thinningD3-0014-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting T

6、ools8% ofdiameter55hgsForm BD3-0015-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools55900.1 - 0.435 +6Form C Split pointD3-0016-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools90 2/3 1/3118 2/3 1/3Web-thinning Form AForm D Cast IronD3-0017-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools90 0.3 x DDWeb-thinning Form AForm E Centre pointD3-0018-0008-E

7、-pPrecision Cutting ToolsEKForm UD3-0019-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsForm UForm UVD3-0020-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsLess feed force.小的进给抗力A and CStabilizing the main cutting edge.让主切削刃更稳定BStabilizing the corner.Less wear on the corner.让钻头的两个角更强壮，减少磨损DOptimized chipcontrol and improved cuttin

8、ggeometry.EOptimized chipcontrol and improved cuttinggeometry. Less feed force.UResultStyleDrill points.钻尖D3-0021-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools整体硬质合金钻头刃口结构D3-0022-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolsregroundto 140point anglenormal 118regroundto 90Main cutting edge design for reground twist drills.D3-00

9、23-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsTyp NgeneralPurpose通用型Typ HbrittleMaterials短削材料Typ WsoftMaterials软材料Basic drill types.基本钻头形式D3-0024-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsProfiles of the types N and UFLType NType UFLsection A - BwebABProfile of a twist drill. D3-0025-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsHighrig

10、idityLargeChipspace大的排削空间大的排削空间Flute geometry.排削槽型D3-0026-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsTyp UFL/Alpha XE(A.22, 47, 48, 49)Typ N(A1211)Typ NS(A1241)Flute profiles.D3-0027-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools10 - 15 x DUFLN3 - 5 x D3 - 5 x D4 - 5 x D1 - 2 x D1 - 2 x D1 x D1 x D1 x D1 x DGraph for pecking

11、cycles.D3-0028-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsCoolantChips CoolantChipsDistancebetweenguidebush and workpieceDo not withdraw tip or drill into the bushing, as this results in wear of the cutting lips.WrongRightDrilling with bushings.D3-0029-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolsd2 = d1 + 0,5.1d190 . 130Ste

12、p drill for machining with minimum burr formation.D3-0030-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools60 - 70%30 - 40%Axial forces.轴向力D3-0031-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsSmall tip-angles:drills tip entersfirst and providesguidance.Large tip-angles:cutting force A enters the drill axially. Side-slip is reduced

13、.a aa aAABB90118130140SoftMaterials软材料软材料 Hard Materials硬材料硬材料The influence of tip-angle on the cutting forces.钻尖角度对切削力的影响。D3-0032-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsCutting edge1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 90Drill sectioned along cutting edge showing change of rake due to flute form. 1234The drilling process - flut

14、e form and rake.D3-0033-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsComponentToolRake angleWedge angleClearance angle0Basic cutting tool geometry.D3-0034-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsNeg.Corr.Pos.0Clearanceanglehard materialsheat treated materialssoft materialshard materialsRake angle.D3-0035-0008-E-pPrecision

15、 Cutting ToolsInsufficient clearance causes the drill to rub behind the cutting edge. It will make the drill work hard, generate heat and increase axial thrust. Results in poor hole quality and drill breakage.Excessive clearance results in lack of support behind cutting edge with quick dulling and p

16、oor toollife despite initial free cutting action. Clearance angle behind cutting tip for general purposes is 8 - 12 average.Influence of clearance on performance.D3-0036-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsMetalCompositesNon-MetallicsFe-metalsNon-ferrousmetals steels cas- tingslightmetalsheavymetalsunall

17、oyedmetalsalloysComposition ofdifferent materialsproduced by:sinteringcladdingbondingsprayingvapourizingbrazingNaturalproductswoodleatherSyntheticproductssynthe-ticsglassceramicsconcreteAuxilliaryproductscoolantsglues(bonds)cleaningmaterialsetc.Materials.D3-0037-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsStruct

18、uralsteelsConstructionalsteelsHigh grade steelsUnalloyed con-structional steelsGeneral structural steelswith Rm 0.55% C orRm 700 N/mm2(102,000 psi)Alloyed steelUnalloyed high grade steelsStructural steels with 0.5% CTool steels 1. to 3. gradeAlloyed high grade steelsStructural steels, wear-resistant

19、 andbearing steelsTool steels, HSSCorrosion resistant steels,stainless and heat-resisting steelsStructuralsteel gradesRm DIN 1897 DIN 1897 DIN 1897 DIN 1897 DIN 1897= DIN 1897= DIN 6537LTitanium, Ni and Co based super alloysSteels, especially high strength series Cast iron materials, brittle AlSi-alloysWrought Al-alloysTitanium, Ni and Co based super alloys Al-alloys, cast iron materials, non-ferrous metalsCat. noCarbidegradeCoatingFlutelengthApplication rangeMaximiza SeriesD3-0054-0008-E-pPr