高考英语复习_不定式

1、Infinitive 动词不定式动词不定式1. His first book _ next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published2. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be study D. to have been studying 3. The children

2、 all turned _ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. Looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at 真题再现4. David threatened _ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported 5. It remains _whether Jim will be fi

3、t enough to play in the finals. A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see 真题再现知识梳理形式主动式被动式与谓语动作的关系一般式进行式/完成式完成进行式 /to doto be done所表示的动作或状态所表示的动作或状态 与与谓语动词同时或几乎同时谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生，或之后发生。发生，或之后发生。to be doing与谓语动作同时发生to have doneto have been done动作发生在谓语动作之前to havebeen doing动作发生在谓语动作之前且一直持续到位于动作发生时动词不定式的时态

4、动词不定式的时态1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. . 一般式一般式( to do )( to do ). .所表示的动作或状所表示的动作或状态态 与谓语动词同与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生，时或几乎同时发生，或之后发生。或之后发生。不定式的用法.进行式进行式( to be doing)1. I am very glad to be working with you.2. He is said to be studying

5、abroad.不定式所表示的动不定式所表示的动作与谓语动作同时作与谓语动作同时进行。进行。动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态不定式的用法动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态.完成式（完成式（to have done)1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.不定式动作发不定式动作发生在谓语动词生在谓语动词之前。之前。不定式的用法动词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态(四四).完成进行式（完成进行式（to have being done)1.

6、 He is said to have been working there for more than twenty years.2. I am sorry to have been interrupting you.2. 动作发生在谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前且一直动作之前且一直持续到位于动作持续到位于动作发生时发生时不定式的用法动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态.主动式主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done/ to have been doing)1.We want to learn English well.2.He is the first stud

7、ent to have got the prize.3. We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here.4.She wished to have been reading as much as the others.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时动作的执行者时. .不定式的使用动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态.被动式被动式( to be done / to have been done)1. He didnt like to be laughed at.2. The chairman anno

8、unced the meeting to be started.3. The news reporters hurried to the airports, only to be told the film star had left.4. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears to have been told everything.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时的动作的承受者时. .不定式的用法和否定词连用We turned down the music in order

9、not todisturb the neighbors.not to do其他用法1. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. (L4-5, Para.1)不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。学会了适应身体的残疾。2. My ambition is to work for a firm

10、that develops computer software when I grow up.(L24-25, Para.4)我有雄心壮志，长大后我要在开发电脑软件的公司里工作我有雄心壮志，长大后我要在开发电脑软件的公司里工作3. To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile. (L30-31, Para. 4)我得花大量时间来照顾这些宠物，但我觉得很值。我得花大量时间来照顾这些宠物，但我觉得很值。4. Just accept them for who they are, and give

11、 them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. (L37-38, Para. 5)要接受他们，给他们以鼓励让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充要接受他们，给他们以鼓励让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。实美满。Pick out the infinitives in the sentences and tell their functions.1. He pretended to be reading attentively when I came in. 2. It is of great help for us t

12、o learn English well.3. I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.4. She listens to news every day so as to find out whats going on.5. The car to be bought is for his sisters.6. The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.( 宾语）宾语）( 主语）主语）( 宾补）宾

13、补）( 状语）状语）( 定语）定语）( 表语）表语）不定式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词不定式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词和副词的作用。和副词的作用。归归纳纳不定式不定式To keep smiling is healthy for you.单个不定式作主语时单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数。Its important to look up the new words in the dictionary when you study English.若不定式太长若不定式太长, 往往用往往用it作形式作形式主语主语, 不定式后置。不定式后置。1. 不定

14、式作主语不定式作主语(subject)My job to protect the world.is2. 不定式作表语不定式作表语(predicative) Seeing is to believe. To see is believing. To see is to believe.不定式常用在系动词不定式常用在系动词be, seem, appear, get, remain等后作表语。等后作表语。不定式作表语表示主语的“职业，职责或性质”等，从时间概念上来说含有将来意义。我的目标是考入北大。My goal is_.to be admitted to Beijing University Li

15、n Shuhao likes to play basketball. I find it still necessary (for him) _ if he wants to win.句型：句型：think / consider / find /believe，feel，make，+ it + adj. + to do to work hard某些动词后往往用某些动词后往往用it作形作形式宾语式宾语, 不定式后置。不定式后置。3. 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语(object)agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt,care, choose, claim, dare,

16、 decide, demand, deserve, determine, expect, fail, get, hate, hesitate, hope, hurry, intend, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, threaten,want, wish + to do常见动词不定式作宾语的动词有：常见动词不定式作宾语的动词有：不定式的其他用法2. 和疑问词连用你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？Have you decided what to w

17、ear to the interview?没人告诉我在哪买票。没人告诉我在哪买票。Nobody told me where to buy the ticket.decide, discuss, explain, find out, learn, show, teach, tell, wonder whether/what/who/how/where/when to do1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_ are both great happiness.2中国人民决不会征服。中国人民决不会征服。The Chinese people refuse _3据说他已经完成了他的工作。

18、据说他已经完成了他的工作。He is said _.4 根据报道他们已安全到达。根据报道他们已安全到达。They are reported _To love and to be lovedto give in/ be conqueredto have finished/completed his workto have arrived safely3.3.动词不定式做介词动词不定式做介词but, except, besides, but, except, besides, thanthan等的宾语。等的宾语。但是，但是，在介词在介词but, except, besides ,than 前若有实

19、义动词前若有实义动词do时：时：What do you like to do besides swim?He could do nothing except/but wait.He did nothing else than laugh.He had no choice but to give in.It had no effect except to make him angry.(2) 表示表示“只好只好, ,不得不不得不” 的的but but 之后之后：(cant /could not but, cant / could not help but , cant choose but)1)

20、Its raining hard. I cant help but stay at home.2)We could not but face the reality.3)I cant choose but finish the work.My mum asks me to play the piano two hours every day.4. 不定式作宾补不定式作宾补 (object complement)不定式在句中的作用 I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.练习你可以让你姐姐帮你一下。You can ask yo

21、ur sister to help you .我总是劝他戒烟。I always advise him to give up smoking.advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, invite, order, persuade, permit, prefer, tell, want, warn, wish, would like sb. to do The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.宾补

22、宾补五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三三使使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉: feel get1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.2. Mother made John wash the car. John was made to wash the car.以上的动词用于被动式，以上的动词用于被动式，to 要还原要还原1.- Can I have

23、the document right now? - Of course. Wait a minute and Ill have my secretary _ it for you. A. to print B. printing C. printed D. print2. We tried hard , and eventually, we were able to get Mike _ us his car for just a day. A. lending B. lend C. to lend D. lent Practice. With a lot of difficult probl

24、ems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settling C.to settle D. being settled1. It is looking for a suitable coat to wear.2. Tom has a nice pen to write with.5. 不定式作定语不定式作定语(attribute)1. 不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名 词或代词之后词或代词之后 (a) She was very busy and had no time t

25、o visit her friends. (b) Ladies and gentlemen, I have something important to tell you.2. 当名词被当名词被the first, the last, the only 等词以及形容词最高级修饰时等词以及形容词最高级修饰时 e.g. She is always the first to come and the last to leave.3. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定等复合不定代词常用不定 式作后置定语。式作后置定语。4. 如果不定

26、式是不及物动词如果不定式是不及物动词, 则后面需加则后面需加 适当的介词。适当的介词。 e.g. Please pass me some paper to write _. on There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing1) Have you anything to send? 你有什么东西要寄吗？你有什么东西要寄吗？2) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或别人）寄

27、的东西吗？你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式（不定式to send的动作执行者是的动作执行者是you）（不定式（不定式to be sent的动作执行者是的动作执行者是已被省略的已被省略的me或或someone else）e.g. I got up early _.in order to, so as to,enough to,only toto catch the train在一些短语在一些短语中也有体现中也有体现: :6. 不定式作状语不定式作状语(adverbial)1. He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. 2. He w

28、as so foolish as to believe it. = He was such a fool as to believe it. = He was foolish enough to believe it.3. He woke up only to find that he was sleeping outdoors.不定式作状语的作用不定式作状语的作用表示目的表示目的表示结果表示结果出乎意思的结果出乎意思的结果动词不定式：原因 某些表示某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐喜、怒、哀、乐的形容词后跟不定的形容词后跟不定式，表示原因。式，表示原因。 I am glad to see you. I

29、am so sorry to hear about your failure on business.To tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment. to be frank to be honest to tell the truth7. 独立结构独立结构(absolute construction)关于不定式中的小品词关于不定式中的小品词to (1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要下文要 省略该动词省略该动词. eg: Would you like to go with me ? Id like to .(2).

30、 不定式是不定式是to be 结构结构, be 不可省不可省. eg: Would you like to be a teacher? Id like to be.1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. t

31、o expect C. to be expecting D. expectsPractice3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented C. having invented4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too

32、much D. too heavy much5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking7. There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss

33、which to buy.A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing8. _late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 9. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settling C.to settle D. being settled10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the