高中英语特殊句式讲解学习

1、特特 殊殊 句句 式式第一页，共38页。倒倒 装装完全完全(wnqun)倒装倒装部分部分(b fen)倒装倒装谓语部分全部提前谓语部分全部提前到主语到主语(zhy)之之前前只将助动词、系动词只将助动词、系动词或者情态动词提前到或者情态动词提前到主语之前主语之前第二页，共38页。1. here, there, now, thus, then1. here, there, now, thus, then位于句首，动词位于句首，动词(dngc)(dngc)又为又为be, go, comebe, go, come等，应完全倒装。等，应完全倒装。来了一辆来了一辆2路汽车路汽车(qch)。_ _ a No

2、. 2 bus.起飞的命令到了起飞的命令到了_ _ the order to take offThencameHere2. 以以away, off, out, in, up, down, onaway, off, out, in, up, down, on 等方位副词开头，等方位副词开头，且动词为表且动词为表“移动移动”的词：的词：go, come, leave, fly, rush, fall, dropgo, come, leave, fly, rush, fall, drop等等, ,用全部倒装用全部倒装冲出了一条狗冲出了一条狗_ _ a dog.Outrushed comes第三页，共

3、38页。(09福建）福建） For a moment nothing happened. Then _ all shouting together. A. voices had come B. came voices C. voices would come D. did voices come B第四页，共38页。3.当表示地点的介词词组位于句首，并且主当表示地点的介词词组位于句首，并且主语为名词语为名词(mng c)，谓语为不及物动词时，谓语为不及物动词时，用完全倒装。用完全倒装。1. In the dark forests _, some large enough to hold sev

4、eral English towns.(2005辽辽宁宁, 35)A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakesC. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand B唐山的南面唐山的南面(nnmin)有一个大湖泊。有一个大湖泊。South of Tangshan lies a big lake.第五页，共38页。 4.完全倒装也用于完全倒装也用于“表语表语+连系连系(lin x)动词动词+主语主语” 中。中。注意：这种结构中主语较长注意：这种结构中主语较长e.g. 妇女妇女(fn)被看不起的日子一去不复返了被看不起的日子一去不复返了_ _ t

5、he days when women were looked down upon.Goneare 完全完全(wnqun)倒装中应注意倒装中应注意的是：的是： 1)当主语为代词时动词不提前当主语为代词时动词不提前！ Out rushed he! 2)只用一般现在时或一般过去时只用一般现在时或一般过去时Correct the following: Out he rushed!There was the train going.There went the train.第六页，共38页。 如果如果never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, at

6、no time, not once, by no means, not 和和not until等否定意义的副词或连词或短语等否定意义的副词或连词或短语 位于位于(wiy)句首时，要用部分倒装。句首时，要用部分倒装。 Not until I came home last night _ to bed. A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went B2) 我一个我一个(y )字没说字没说呀呀Not a single word did I say!(09 四川）四川）第七页，共38页。2.表示表示“刚刚刚刚就就”No soonerthan,

7、 和和hardlywhen,结构结构(jigu)中，要用部分倒装。中，要用部分倒装。 他刚刚他刚刚(gng gng)出去就开始下雨了出去就开始下雨了Hardly had he gone out when it began to rain. =No sooner had he gone out than it began to rain.3. Only +状语置于句首时用部分倒装状语置于句首时用部分倒装(do zhun) 。注意。注意: only+状语从句置于句首时，其主状语从句置于句首时，其主句部分倒装句部分倒装(do zhun)Correct the following:Correct th

8、e following:1) Only can the teachers enter the room.2)Only when the war ended he was able to work.was he第八页，共38页。4. 在句型在句型(j xn) “sothat”和和 “suchthat”中，中，如果如果so或或such提前放在句首时，前半句半倒装后半句不倒提前放在句首时，前半句半倒装后半句不倒装装; not onlybut also连接分句时，连接分句时，not only 所引导的所引导的分句倒装。分句倒装。So sudden _ that the enemy had no tim

9、e to escape. (09山东山东(shn dn)） A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was. So difficult _it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (2006广东广东, 33)I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I foundCB3) Not only everything was taken from him, but

10、 also his German citizenship. 改错改错(i cu)was everything第九页，共38页。5. 在在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，可表语引导的让步状语从句中，可表语(bioy)，动词状，动词状语提前，若从句的表语语提前，若从句的表语(bioy)是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。. _, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.(2005重庆重庆(zhn qn), 27)A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet studen

11、t as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may be D. Quiet as he may be a student. _, Carolina couldnt get the door open.(2005广东广东, 23)A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as tryBA(3) Unsatisfied _ with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.

12、(09 重庆重庆(zhn qn)）A. though was he B. though he wasC. he was though D. was he thoughB第十页，共38页。6. “So/neither/nor + be /助动词或情态动词助动词或情态动词+ 主语主语”构成构成部分倒装，表示部分倒装，表示“另一方也如此另一方也如此”；但是如果只把；但是如果只把So/nor等提前构成：等提前构成：so/nor/neither+主语主语+be等，其含义为：等，其含义为：“确实确实(qush)”，所谈论的主语是同一人或物。，所谈论的主语是同一人或物。e.g. 1)他去过纽约他去过纽约(n

13、i yu)几次，我也去过。几次，我也去过。He has been to New York several times. So have I. 2) -It is so cold today. -So it is and so was it yesterday.确实确实(qush)冷冷昨天也冷昨天也冷第十一页，共38页。. -I reminded you not to forget the appointment. (2006江江西西(jin x), 31) -_A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you D. So do I . Father, you

14、 promised!(2005湖北湖北, 34) Well, _. But it was you who didnt keep your word first.A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I didAD倒装倒装(do zhun)小小结结全部全部(qunb)倒装倒装 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_部分倒装部分倒装 1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_6_第十二页，共38页。It is/was+被强调被强调(qing dio)成分成分+that+句句子其他部分子其他部分有时态变化有时态变化通常为主语、宾通常为主语、宾语语(bny)和状和状语语被强调部分被强调

15、部分为人时，可为人时，可以用以用who去掉去掉it is that句子仍然句子仍然完整完整判判 断断一般疑问一般疑问特殊疑问特殊疑问第十三页，共38页。1. It was in this way that he could finish the work so quickly.2. It is I that is completely right.3. It was after being beaten for six times that he and his men drove the English out of Scotland. 4. It is then that the new

16、type of camera was developed. 5. It were my classmates that helped me whenever I was in trouble. 6. It was this hotel that we stayed last night.amwaswasat第十四页，共38页。It was by the time he was fourteen that Einstein had already taught himself advanced mathematics.It was Einstein that had already taught

17、 himself advanced mathematics.Was it by the time he was fourteen that Einstein had?Was it Einstein that had already?第十五页，共38页。It was in this way that he could finish the work so quickly.It was the long low whistle that she would hear at night. What It was after being beaten for six times that he and

18、 his men drove the English out of Scotland. _ was it that he could finish? _ was it that she would hear?_was it that he and his men drove?HowWhatWhen第十六页，共38页。Where did you buy the book?What made the little boy so angry?I dont know what .Where was it that you bought the book?What was it that made th

19、e little boy so angry?I dont know what it was that made the little boy so angry. 第十七页，共38页。It was not until she got home_ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys. (2006全国全国(qun u)II） A. when B. that C. where D. beforeIt was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important.(2006

20、 辽宁）辽宁）A. that B. when C. since D. asIt _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common.(07) was until; when B. was until; thatA.C. wasnt until when D. wasnt until; thatBAD第十八页，共38页。-Where did you get to know her?-It was on the farm _ we worked.(07 山东山东(shn dn)）A. tha

21、t B. there C. which D. whereI dont know _ it was _ made him from attending the meeting? the reason/ B. whybecause C. whatthat D. why/DC第十九页，共38页。1. “主语主语(zhy)+think(believe, say, imagine, suppose, suggest, expect, consider, guess 等等)”用做用做插入语，插入语， 形形 式：式：判断判断(pndun)准则：准则：去掉插入语句子成分(j zichngfn)仍然完整。 “d

22、o +主语主语+ think(believe, say, imagine, suppose, suggest, expect, consider 等等)” 在特殊疑问句中放在疑问词后用做插入语，在特殊疑问句中放在疑问词后用做插入语， 第二十页，共38页。-Do _ you think is right, whatever others say.- Yes, I will.A. that B. what C. which D . /去掉插入语后，看从句中缺少什么成分再进行去掉插入语后，看从句中缺少什么成分再进行(jnxng)选择选择B第二十一页，共38页。注意插入语后不再注意插入语后不再(b z

23、i)加连词。加连词。1. 你认为他们什么你认为他们什么(shn me)时候回来？时候回来？When do you believe they will be back?改错改错(i cu)1）Who do you believe that will win the game?2) The scientist had made another discovery, what I believe is of great importance. which定语从句中也常用插入语，注意结构分析定语从句中也常用插入语，注意结构分析第二十二页，共38页。All finished, we sat down t

24、o enjoy _ we thought the most delicious dinner. A. that B. which C. what D. ifWhere do you suggest we (should) go during the summer holiday?注意：当插入语部分含有注意：当插入语部分含有(hn yu)suggest时，时，句子的谓语部分要用句子的谓语部分要用should do, should可以省可以省略。略。C第二十三页，共38页。1. He was a fool to have ever left them, he thought.2.What is i

25、t, do you think?3. It must cost a good deal to live here, dont you think?4. The view he put forward, I think, is worth paying attention to.Read the followingRead the following第二十四页，共38页。1.The pen I _ I _ is on my desk, right under my nose. A. think, lost B. thought, had lost C. think, had lost D. th

26、ought, have lost2.On the bus I saw a student_ I thought was your brother.A. who B. whom C. which D. whoeverPracticePracticeBA第二十五页，共38页。3._ first in the swimming competition?A. Whom do you think cameB. Who you think did comeC. Who do you think came out D. Who did you think come 4._ be sent to work t

27、here?A. Who do you suggestB. Who do you suggest that shouldC. Do you suggest who shouldD. Do you suggest whom shouldCA第二十六页，共38页。感叹句是表示感叹句是表示(biosh)喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般由一般由how或或what开头。开头。用用what how 填空，然后归纳填空，然后归纳(gun)句型结构：句型结构： _ news you have told us!2. _ great progress he has made!3. _ l

28、ong rivers they are!4. _ a tall tree it is!5._ deep a hole this is!6. _ delicious the food is!7. _ sad the news is!WhatWhatWhatHow HowHowWhat8. _ I love you -beautiful girl!How第二十七页，共38页。归纳：归纳：1.What可以可以(ky)修饰修饰 ？ ？ ？ ？ so/too/as/how so/too/as/how such2. what 的结构的结构(jigu)用法和用法和_ 一样？一样？1）U 2) C 3) pl

29、 4) a/an+N 3. How 在感叹句中的用法在感叹句中的用法(yn f)有有? 4. 与与 how 的结构用法相似的有的结构用法相似的有? Translate the following:1）这棵树太高了爬不上去）这棵树太高了爬不上去This is too tall a treetoo tall a tree to climb.2）这条河流和那条一样长。）这条河流和那条一样长。This is as long a riveras long a river as that one.3) 他是如此努力的学生，我们都佩服他。他是如此努力的学生，我们都佩服他。So hardworking a s

30、tudentSo hardworking a student is he that we admire him.第二十八页，共38页。1) You and I could hardly work together, _? A. could you B. couldnt I C. couldnt we D. could we(09湖南湖南)D2) He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, _? A. is he B. isnt he C. must he D. mustnt he B第二十九页，共38页。完成句子完成句子(j zi)

31、并归纳用法：并归纳用法：You have never read Mark Twains stories, _?He has few friends here, _?He look unhappy today, _?You dislike football, _?归纳一：陈述部分归纳一：陈述部分(b fen)带有否定意义的词时，视为否定带有否定意义的词时，视为否定句，如句，如:seldom/never/hardly/rare/nothing/little/few等，附加部分等，附加部分(b fen)用肯定形式。但是带有通过加后用肯定形式。但是带有通过加后缀，前缀构成的否定意义的词时，视为肯定句，

32、附缀，前缀构成的否定意义的词时，视为肯定句，附加部分加部分(b fen)用否定形式。用否定形式。have youhas hedoesnt hedont you第三十页，共38页。 Come in and sit down, _? Give me a hand, _? Dont make so much noise,_? Let us have another try, _? 但是但是(dnsh)： Lets take a break, _?will/wont youwill/wont youwill youwill youshall we归纳二归纳二: 肯定形式肯定形式(xngsh)的祁使句的

33、祁使句,+will you或或wont you?否定形式否定形式(xngsh)的祁使句的祁使句,+will you?第三十一页，共38页。 He said that he was late for school this morning, _? 2. Tom didnt turn up until we were about to leave, _? 3. Its the first time that he has visited Beijing, _? 但是但是(dnsh): I believe/think/suppose/imagine/expect that he has told a

34、 lie, _?didnt hedid heisnt ithasnt he归纳三归纳三: 在主从复合句中在主从复合句中, 附加部分应根据主句附加部分应根据主句部分确定但在部分确定但在I believe/think/suppose/imagine/expect/I am sure等主从复合句中，等主从复合句中，根据从句根据从句(cn j)确定注意确定注意:主语必须是主语必须是I/we和否定转移和否定转移.第三十二页，共38页。情态动词情态动词(dngc)表推测时的反意疑问句表推测时的反意疑问句:He must be a doctor, _?He must have read the book,

35、_?He must have seen the film last night, _?You must have stayed here for five days, _?The man must have been a soldier when he was young, _?isnt hehasnt hedidnt hehavent you归纳归纳(gun)四：四：must 表推测时，附加部分视具体情况表推测时，附加部分视具体情况而定要特别注意而定要特别注意must后跟的动词后跟的动词,be还是还是do.wasnt he第三十三页，共38页。 省略可分词法省略可分词法(cf)、句法和替代三

36、种形式、句法和替代三种形式一、词法一、词法(cf)省略：省略：改错：改错：I had a good time at Mr Smith.1. 名词所有格后的名词指商店、住宅、办公室等地点时可以省略名词所有格后的名词指商店、住宅、办公室等地点时可以省略这些名词这些名词The teacher came in, a book in hand2. 独立结构中常用独立结构中常用 “名词名词+介词介词+名词名词”的结构的结构Smiths The rainy weather has lasted a whole week3. last “持续持续”，时间状语前可省介词，时间状语前可省介词 for。第三十四页，

37、共38页。4. 动词不定式中注意：动词不定式中注意： 1）并列结构中为了避免重复常省略）并列结构中为了避免重复常省略 to。2）当两个不定式有对照当两个不定式有对照(duzho)或对比时则后一个或对比时则后一个to不省。不省。3）在）在 why, why not所引导的特殊疑问句中省略所引导的特殊疑问句中省略 to, 而直接加动词原形。而直接加动词原形。4) 介词介词but或或except前如有前如有do/ does /did 包括包括do的完成形式时，的完成形式时，省略省略but后的后的 to。改错改错(i cu)：a: Im really puzzled what to think or to say. b: I came not to scold but