采矿专业英语词汇

1、第四篇 汉英常用采矿工程词汇（分类按汉语拼音顺序排列）煤柱尺寸 pillar dimension灰色关联分析 gray relationship analysis地质构造 geological tectonic水文地质 hydrogeology极不规则煤层 extremely anomalistic coal seam预紧力、预应力 pre-tightening force, pre-stress含水的 hydrous水力采煤 hydraulic cutting coal主（副）井 main (auxiliary) shaft敏感性 sensitivity国内外 at home and abr

2、oad瓦斯抽放 gas drainage机电一体化 mechanical-electrical integration稳定性 stability微地震 micro-seism动载 dynamic loading流变特征 rheological characteristic蠕变 creep人工神经网络 artificial neural network定位 orientation保水开采 mining without detroying water resource高压注水 water injection with high pressure中硬煤层 medium hard coal seam层

3、次分析法 hierarchy anallysis proceeding煤与瓦斯突出 coal and gas bursting模糊综合评判 fuzzy comprehensive evaluation综（放）采工作面 full-mechanized (caving) mining face炮采工作面 blasting mining face机采工作面 mechanized mining face（急）倾斜煤层 (steeply) inclined coal seam走向 strike倾向 direction dip,dip,inclination矿山压力 underground pressur

4、e支承压力 abutment pressure上覆岩层 overlying rock strata薄、中厚、厚煤层 thin,medium thick,thick coal seam（松散）含水层 (loose) aquifer裂缝带 crack zone垮落带 caving zone顶、底板 roof,floor顶煤 top coal（掩护式）液压支架 (shield) powered support割煤机 coal cutter刮板机 scrapper胶带输送机 belt conveyor片帮 coal slide冒顶 roof fall岩爆（矿震、冲积矿压）rock burst自燃 sp

5、ontaneous combustion防水（砂）煤柱 water(sand)-proof coal pillar陷落柱 collapse column煤（岩）巷 coal(rock) roadway沿空巷道 roadway along gob围岩 surrounding rock突水 water bursting"三软" soft roof,soft coal,soft floor地应力 ground stress（开采）地表沉陷 (mining) surface subsidence高产高效 high production and high efficiency回风巷

6、ventilation roadway运输巷 transportation roadway火成岩（岩浆岩）igneous rock厚冲积层 thick alluvium条带开采 strip mining移动、变形 movement,distortion极限平衡区 limit equilibrium area可靠性，可行性，合理性，适应性 reliability, feasibility, rationality,adaptability采出率、回收率 mining rate,recovery rate埋管注氮 nitrogen injection with buried pipe复合顶板 co

7、mbined roof断层 fault喷浆 grouting动压 dynamic pressure地质灾害 geological disasterEH-4电导率成像系统 EH-4 electro-conducibility imaging system透气性（渗透性）permeability倾向性 liability井下 underground设备配套 equipment match选型设计 lectotype design撤架 dismantling supports加固 reinforcing安全阀 safety valve积水 seeper柔性支架 flexible support伪斜

8、apparent dip绞车房 hoist room(winder chamber)暗立（斜）井 blind (slope) shaft底臌 floor heave破碎顶板 cracked roof解放层 protective coal seam电阻应变仪 resistance strain instument坑口电厂 pithead power plant1煤炭科学技术总论采矿系统工程mining system engineering采矿系统优化模型model of mining system optimization采矿岩石学mining rock mechanics采煤coal mini

9、ng, coal extraction, coal getting 采煤学coal mining地下开采underground mining矸石refuse, waste, dirt, debris固体可燃矿产solid combustible mineral褐煤lignite, brown coal化石燃料fossil fuel洁净煤技术clean coal technology矿underground mine矿床模型model of mineral deposits矿井underground mine矿井通风学mine ventilation, underground ventilati

10、on 矿区mining area矿山mine矿山测量学mine surveying矿山电气工程mine electric engineering, mine electro-technics矿山机械工程mine mechanical engineering矿山建设mine construction矿山提升学mine hoisting, winding 矿山运输学mine transportation, mine haulage 矿田mine filed露天开采, '露天开采学surface mining露天矿surface mine煤coal煤当量coal equivalent煤的综合

11、利用comprehensive utilization of coal, coal utilization煤化学coal chemistry煤矿coal mine, colliery煤矿安全mine safety煤矿机械coal mine machinery煤转化coal conversion煤炭地下技术underground coal gasification煤炭环境保护coal environmental control, environmental protection in coalmining煤炭技术coal technology煤炭加工coal processing煤炭科学coal

12、 science煤田coalfield煤田地质勘探coal exploration, coal prospecting煤田地质学coal geology煤岩学coal petrology石煤stone-like coal无烟煤anthracite选煤coal preparation, coal cleaning烟煤bituminous coal硬煤hard coal2地质测量A级储量grade A reservesB级储量grade B reservesC级储量grade C reservesD级储量grade D reserves边界角limit angle采场验收测量pit accepta

13、nce survey采出率ratio recovery采动系数factor of full extraction采掘工程平面图mine map采煤工作面测量coal face survey采区测量mining district survey采区联系测量transfer survey in mining district超前影响角advance angle of influence沉井凿井法施工测量construction survey for drop shaft sinking充分采动full subsidence, critical/supercritical extraction充分采动

14、角ZHANGCHIZZubsidence储量管理reserves management导入高程测量elevation transfer survey导水断裂带water conducted zone点下对中centering under roof station地表移动surface movement, ground movement地表移动观测站observation station of ground movement地表移动盆地subsidence trough, subsidence basin顶板测点roof station定向连接测量connection survey for sh

15、aft orientation定向连接点connection point for shaft orientation动用储量mining-employed reserves冻结凿井法施工测量construction survey for shaft sinking by freezing method断层几何制图fault geometrisation断裂带fractured zone防水煤岩柱safety pillar under water-bodies非充分采动subcritical extraction刚性结构措施structure rigidity-strengthening mea

16、sures工业场地平面图mine yard plan贯通测量holing-through survey光电测距导线EDM traverse拐点偏移距deviation of inflection point滑动层sliding layer缓冲沟buffer trench灰分等值线图isogram of ash content回采煤量workable reserves激光指向laser guide几何定向orientation by shaft plumbing近井点near shaft control point井底车场平面图shaft bottom plan井上下对照图location ma

17、p, site plan井田区域地形图topographic map of underground mine field井筒煤柱开采shaft pillar extraction井筒延深测量shaft deepening survey井下测量underground survey井下平面控制测量underground horizontal control survey开采沉陷mining subsidence开拓煤量developed reserves抗变形建筑物deformation resistant structure垮落带caving zone矿区控制测量control survey o

18、f mining area矿山工程测量mine survey矿体几何学geometry of ore deposits矿体几何制图geometrisation of ore deposits矿田区域地形图topographic map of mine field立井定向shaft orientation立井施工测量construction survey for shaft sinking立井十字中线标定 setting out cross line of shaft center立井中心标定setting out shaft center联系测量transfer survey连接三角形法con

19、nection triangle method裂缝角angle of break临界变形值critical deformation values露天矿测量open-pit survey煤层等厚线图isothickness map of coal seam煤层等深线图isobath map of coal seam煤层褶皱几何制图fold geometrisation of coal seam瞄直法alignment method逆转点法reversal point method柔性结构措施structure yielding measures三量Three Class of Reserves设

20、计损失allowable loss实际损失储量actual loss of reserves水平移动系数displacement factor损失率loss percentage投点shaft plumbing陀螺方位角gyroscopic azimuth陀螺经纬仪定向gyroscopic orientation survey弯曲带sagging zone围护带safety berm下沉系数subsidence factor巷道坡度线标定sitting out roadway gradient巷道碎部测量detail survey for mine workings巷道验收测量footage

21、measurement of roadway巷道中线标定setting out center line of roadway岩层移动strata movement移动角angle of critical deformation移动盆地主断面major cross-section of subsidence trough影响传播角propagation angle中天法transit method主要影响半径major influence radius主要影响角正切tangent of major influence angle注浆凿井法施工测量construction survey for g

22、routing sinking准备煤量prepared reserves钻井凿井法施工测量construction survey for shaft boring最大下沉角angle of maximum subsidence最大下沉速度角angle of maximum subsidence velocity3地下开采安全平盘safety berm安全水头safety water head暗井blind shaft, staple shaft薄煤层thin seam爆破采煤工艺blast-winning technology爆破装煤blasting loading变形压力rock defor

23、mation pressure闭路供水closed-circuit water supply闭式落煤顺序close-type winning sequence不规则垮落带irregularly caving zone部分开采partial extraction侧支撑压力side abutment pressure采场延伸pit deepening采动裂隙mining-induced fissure采动应力mining-induced stress采垛winning-block采垛角angle of winning-block采段extracting zone采段流煤上山extracting b

24、lock coal-water rise采高mining height采掘带cut采掘区block采宽cut width采矿站ore station采空区goaf, gob, waste采装loading采煤方法coal wining method, coal mining method采煤工作面coal face, working face采区district, panel采区车场district station, district inset采区准备preparation in district采区设计mining-district design, panel design采区上山dist

25、rict rise采区石门district cross-cut采区下山district dip仓储采煤法shrinkage stoping长壁放顶采煤法longwall mining with sublevel caving长壁工作面longwall face超前巷道advance heading充采比stowing ratio充填倍线stowing gradient充填步距stowing interval充填沉缩率setting ratio充填法stowing method充填能力stowing capacity冲击地压rock burst, pressure bump承压含水层上采煤coa

26、l mining above aquifer初撑力强度setting load density, SLD初次放顶initial caving初次来压first weighting出气孔production well出气强度production well capacity出入沟main access储量备用系数reserve factor of mine reserve垂直切片terrace cut slice大巷main roadway带压开采mining under safe water pressure of aquifer单侧沟hillside ditch单煤层大巷main roadwa

27、y for single seam单体液压支柱hydraulic prop倒台阶采煤法overhand mining底板floor底板载荷集度floor load intensity底帮foot slope底部境界线floor boundary line底鼓floor heave地表境界线surface boundary line地下煤气发生场underground gasifier地下气化工作面underground gasification face 地下气化效率efficiency of underground gasification叠加应力superimposed stress顶板r

28、oof顶板单位破碎度specific roof flaking ratio顶板回弹roof rebound顶板垮落roof caving顶板垮落角roof caving angle顶板冒落roof fall顶板破碎度roof flaking ratio顶板弱化roof weakening顶板台阶下沉roof step顶板稳定性roof stability顶板压力roof pressure顶帮top slope顶底板移近量roof-to-floor convergence顶底板移近率roof-to-floor convergence ratio动压巷道workings subject to dy

29、namic pressure动载系数dynamic load coefficient端帮end slope端面距tip-to-face distance端面冒顶roof flaking短壁采煤法shortwall mining断壁工作面shortwall face墩柱heavy-duty pier, breaker props房顶柱breaker props房式采煤法room mining, chamber mining房柱式采煤法room and pillar mining封闭圈closed level放采比drawing ratio放顶caving the roof放顶距caving in

30、terval 放煤步距drawing internal放煤顺序drawing sequence非工作帮non-working slope非工作帮坡面non working slope face风力充填pneumatic stowing分层开采slicing分层巷道slice drift, sliced gateway分带strip分带集中斜巷strip main incline drift分带斜巷strop inclined drift分段sublevel分段平巷sublevel entry, longitudinal subdrift分级提运separate transport and ho

31、isting分流站distribution station分期开采mining by stages分区开采mining by areas分区域开拓areas development辅助水平subsidiary level矸石带waste pack, strip pack, interval of moving monitor, unit advance of monitor 高压大射流high pressure large diameter jet干馏-干燥带distillation and drying zone工作帮working slope工作帮坡面working slope face工

32、作阻力yield load, working resistance工作面working face工作面顶板控制roof control工作面端头face end工作面回风巷tailentry, tailgate, return airway工作面运输巷headentry, headgate, haulage gateway工作平盘working berm工作线front构造裂隙tectonic fissure构造应力tectonic stress规则垮落带regularly caving zone固定路线permanent haulage line管道水力运输pipeline hydrotra

33、nsport横向前移cross removal恒阻支柱yielding prop厚煤层thick seam后退式开采retreating mining后支撑压力rear abutment pressure滑移顶梁支架slipping bar composite support还原带reduction zone缓沟easy access缓慢下沉法gradual sagging method缓斜煤层gently inclined seam回采巷道gateway, entry, gate回柱prop drawing基本顶main roof机械充填mechanical stowing集中大巷gathe

34、ring main roadway急斜煤层steeply pitching seam, steep seam坚硬岩层strong strata, hard strata间断开采工艺discontinuous mining technology架后充填backfill建筑物下开采coal mining under buildings阶段horizon阶段垂高horizon interval阶段流煤上山extracting block coal-water roadway阶段流煤巷main coal-water rise阶段斜长inclined length of horizon近距离煤层cont

35、iguous seams近水平煤层flat seam井田尺寸underground mine field size井田境界underground mine field boundary井田开拓undergroundmine field development静压巷道workings subject to static pressure掘进率drivage ratio局部冒顶partial roof fall开采水平mining level, gallery level开采水平垂高lift, level interval开路供水open-circuit water supply开切眼open-o

36、ff cut开式落煤顺序open-type winning sequence开拓巷道development roadway抗压入强度press-in strength垮采比caving-height ratio垮落法caving method跨采over-the-roadway extraction矿井初步设计preliminary undergroundmine design矿井服务年限undergroundmine life矿井井型production scale of underground mine矿井开拓设计undergroundmine development design矿井可采

37、储量workable undergroundmine reserves矿井可行性研究undergroundmine feasibility study矿井设计undergroundmine design矿井设计储量designed undergroundmine reserves矿井设计能力designedundergroundmine capacity矿井施工设计undergroundmine construction design矿井延深shaft deepening矿区地面总体设计general surface layout of mining area矿区规模mining area c

38、apacity矿区开发可行性研究feasibility study forming area exploitation矿区总体设计general design of mining area矿山压力rock pressure in mine矿山压力显现strata behaviors控顶距face width离层bed separation离层带注浆充填grouting in separated-bed立井开拓vertical shaft development联络巷crossheading连续开采工艺continuous mining technology溜井draw shaft溜煤石煤coa

39、l-water cross-cut溜眼chute临界滑面critical sliding surface漏顶face roof collapse with cavity锚梁网支护roof bolting with bar and wire mesh煤壁wall煤层产出能力coal-seam productive capacity煤房room, chamber煤浆coal slurry煤门in-seam cross-cut煤面清扫cleaning煤水泵slurry pump煤水比coal-water ratio煤水仓coal-slurry sump煤水洞室coal slurry preparat

40、ion room煤炭地下气化站underground coal gasification station煤岩固化coal/rock reinforcement煤柱coal pillar煤柱支撑法pillar supporting method明槽水力运输flume hydrotransport摩檫支柱frictional prop逆向冲采contrary efflux片帮rib spalling, sloughing平盘berm平硐开拓drift development平行推进parallel advance破煤coal breaking, coal cutting破碎顶板fractured

41、roof, friable roof普氏系数Protodyakonov coefficient普通机械化采煤工conventionally-mechanized coal winning technology气化贯通linkage气囊支架air-bag support前进式开采advancing mining前支撑压力front abutment pressure强制放顶forced caving倾倒toppling倾斜长壁采煤法longwall mining to the dip or to the rise倾斜短壁水力采煤法shortwall hydraulic mining in the

42、 dip倾斜分层采煤法inclined slicing切口stable, niche区段district sublevel区段集中平巷district sublevel gathering entry, district main entry区段平巷district sublevel entry, district longtudinal subdrift区域性切冒extensive roof collapse全柱开采full pillar extraction柔性掩护支架flexible shield support人工顶板artificial roof入换spotting, train e

43、xchange 入换站exchange station三下"开采"coal mining under buildings, railways and water-bodies扫清平盘cleaning berm山坡露天采场mountain surface mine射流打击力jet impact force射流烛心动压力jet axis dynamical pressure扇型推进fan advance上覆岩层overlying strata上装upper level loading上山rise, raise 上挖up digging上行式开采ascending mining上

44、行式开采upward mining十字定梁cross bar石门cross-cut始采线beginning line, mining starting line双工作面double-unit face, double face水采回采巷道stopping entry水力采煤hydraulic coal mining technology水平分层采煤法horizontal slicing水平分段放顶采煤法top-sliming system of sublevel caving水平切片dropping cut slice水枪monitor水体下采煤coal mining under water-

45、bodies松动压力broken-rock pressure松软岩层weak strata松软岩层soft strata塌落fall台阶坡面线bench angle掏槽slotting挑顶roof ropping特种支柱specific props铁路下开采coal mining under railways推垮型冒顶thrust roof fall往复式开采reciprocating mining挖底floor dinting挖掘系数excavation factor围岩surrounding rock围岩稳定性stability of surrounding rock伪顶false roo

46、f伪倾斜柔性掩护支架采煤法 flexible shield mining in the false dip伪斜长壁采煤法oblique longwall mining喂煤机coal feeder无井式地下气化法shaftless gasification无煤柱护巷non-chain-pillar entry protection无特种柱放顶caving without specific props, caving without breaker props 无支柱距prop-free front distance下装lower lever loading下山dip下挖down digging下

47、行式开采descending mining, downward mining巷道断面缩小率roadway reduction ratio巷旁充填roadside packing巷旁支护roadside support限厚开采limited thickness extraction限制区间limit section协调开采harmonic extraction斜井开拓inclined shaft development斜切分层采煤法oblique slicing旋转式推进revolving mining，turning longwall循环working cycle循环进度advance of

48、working cycle循环平均阻力time-weighted mean resistance循环平均阻力mean load per unit cycle岩层控制strata control岩石内摩檫角internal friction angle of rock岩石软化系数softening factor of rock岩石碎胀系数bulking factor, swell factor岩石粘聚力rock cohesion岩应力降低区stress-relaxed area氧化带oxidation zone沿空巷道gob-side entry掩护支架采煤法shield mining移道步距s

49、hift spacing移动坑线temporary working ramp移动线路shiftable haulage line应力增高区stress-concentrated area迎山角prop-setting angle有井式地下气化法shaft gasification有效支撑能力practical supporting capacity原岩virgin rock, virgin rock mass原岩应力initial stress, stress in virgin rock mass员生裂隙initial fissure运输大巷main haulage roadway, mai

50、n haulageway运输平盘haulage berm增阻支柱late bearing prop再倒退overcasting再生顶板mat, regenerated roof整层开采full-seam mining正台阶采煤法heading-and-bench mining支撑效率supporting efficiency支撑压力abutment pressure支垛crib支护刚度support rigidity支护强度supporting intensity支架可缩量nominal yield of support支柱密度prop density直接顶immediate roof, ne

51、ther roof直进坑线straight ramp中厚煤层medium-thick seam中斜煤层inclined seam, pitching seam终采线terminal line周期来压periodic weighting主石门main cross-cut主要上山main rise主要下山main dip注砂井storage-mixed bin准备巷道preparation roadway自然平衡拱dome of natural equilibrium, natural arch自重充填gravity stowing自重应力gravity stress综合机械化采煤工艺fully-

52、mechanized coal winning technology综合开采工艺combined mining technology综合开拓combined development 总回风巷main return airway纵向前移longitudinal removal走向长壁采煤法longwall mining on the strike走向短壁水力采煤法shortwall hydraulic mining on the strike组合台阶bench group4矿山机械工程安全绞车safety winch安全制动safety braking, emergency braking扒爪c

53、ollecting-arm耙斗scraper bucket耙斗装载机slusher, gathering-arm loader, collecting-arm loader, gathering-arm, scraper loader耙式浓缩机rake thickener包角wrap angle, angle of contact刨刀bit, plough cutter刨链plough chain刨煤机kohlenhobel, coal loader, plough, plow刨头plough head刨削阻力ploughing resistance刨削深度ploughing depth刨削速度ploughing speed本架控制local control变位质量equivalent