英语语法——with表示伴随

1、As 与 with 引导伴随状语as 与with 都可以构成结构来表示伴随状语，as 在此结构中是一个连词，而with 是一个介词，因此构成不同的结构来表示伴随状语。区别：结构不同！with 引导的不是句子而是短语As主语谓语动词，主句 With 名词、代词 介词、形容词，副词，分词，不定式随着产量增长20，.As the production increased by 20 percent, we have had another good harvest year.With the production up by 20 percent, we have had another good

2、harvest year. He enjoys listening to music with his eyes closed. 他喜欢闭着眼睛听音乐。 He came out of the room with his eyes shining. 他走出房间，眼里闪着亮光。 Dont speak with your mouth full. 嘴里吃东西时不要讲话。 Mother looked at me with tears in her eyes. 母亲含泪看着我。 with独立结构的位置可前可后，如： With a lot of work to do, he felt even busier

3、. 有大量工作要做，他感到更忙了。 With a lot of work done, he felt he would have a good rest. 做完了工作，他感到他要好好休息一下。 练习：（答案见后）with 名词（代词）介词短语他手托下巴chin，坐在那儿沉思。He sat there thinking, withwith 名词（代词）形容词他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。He stared at his friend with 这人抬起头来，眼里充满了好奇。The man raised his head withwith 名词（代词）现在分词她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。 Sh

4、e stood there chatting with her friend, with 无论我什么时候遇到困难你总是帮助我，真是太感激你了。With , I feelvery obliged to you.with 名词（代词）过去分词这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。The goalkeeper left Japan withwith 名词（代词）不定式还有十分钟，你最好快一点。With, youd better hurry.有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。With., our group is sure to succeed.答案：with his chin on his ha

5、ndwith his mouth wide openwith eyes full of wonder andmysteryWith herchild playing beside her.With you helping me whenever Im in trouble,With his flaws laid bare.With 10 minutes to goWith you to lead uswith引导的独立主格结构英语中，with引导的独立主格结构很富有表现力，在句子中作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因、结果等。它不是句子而是短语，其结构为：with名词代词介词短语 形容词 副词 / 名

6、词 非谓语动词。公式：with+宾语+宾补（with复合结构） 现将with引导的独立主格结构作一小结。1 with 名词（代词）介词短语He sat there thinking, with his chin on his hand他手托下巴，坐在那儿沉思。The old man stood there, with his back against the wall那位老人背倚着墙站在那里。Mary was sitting near the fire, with her back towards the door玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。2 with 名词（代词）形容词He stared

7、at his friend with his mouth wide open他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。The man raised his head with eyes full of wonder and mystery这人抬起头来，眼里充满了好奇。He stood there trembling, with his face red with cold他站在那儿瑟瑟发抖，脸都冻红了。3 with 名词（代词）副词With production up by 60, the company has had another excellent year产量上升了60, 公司又是一个好年景。The

8、 stupid Emperor walked in the procession with nothing on这位愚蠢的皇帝一丝不挂地行进在游行队伍中。The naughty boy stood before his teacher with his head down这个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。He put on his socks with the wrong side out他把袜子穿反了。4 with 名词（代词）名词She used to sit reading in the evening with her pet dog her only companion她从前总爱在晚

9、上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她唯一的伙伴。He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl他去世的时候，女儿还是个中学生。5 with 名词（代词）现在分词She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。With you helping me whenever Im in trouble, I feel very obliged to you无论我什么时候遇到困难你总是帮助我，真是太感激你了。6 with 名词（代词）过去分

10、词“I think we can leave with our heads held high,” Eriksson said “We came out of the toughest group, beat Argentina, beat Denmark in a convincing way”“我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，”艾里克松说。“我们来自死亡之组，以一种令人信服的方式击败了阿根廷，击败了丹麦。”The goalkeeper left Japan with his flaws laid bare这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。7 with 名词（代词）不定式With 10

11、 minutes to go, youd better hurry还有十分钟，你最好快一点。With you to lead us, our group is sure to succeed有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。注意事项1.独立主格转换成状语从句，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。如：After class was over (=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom.下课后，学生很快离开了课室。2. 不能省略being (ha

12、ving been)的情形：在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being（或having been）不能省略。(1) 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天，我们去做了礼拜。(2)在There being+名词的结构中。如：There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。3. 在“名词（或代词）+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。如： Miss Smith entered the classroom,boo