2020届高考查漏补缺之英语题型专练(11)语法填空(一)

1、1、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called "rice bowl" cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made ofplastic, animal bone or metal.

2、 Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal (create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their foodin

3、large pots, (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,

4、lived fromroughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat their hands.2、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适

5、当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Once there lived a rich man wanted to do something for the people of histown. first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help.In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed very large stone.Then he (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along

6、with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try toremove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another.All of them complained about

7、the stone but not tried to remove . Late in theafternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone,(say) to himself:" The night(be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone. ”Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his (st

8、rong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! the stone, he found a bag of money.3、阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案写在答题卡的表格中。One sentence from the news in Washington has remained in my mind since a trip last summer: “When you see people run against the crowd escaping 1 the danger,

9、 they are 2(probable) firefighters, police or journalists.I think this is most true for the firefighters. Whenever and wherever 3 (disaster) happen 911 Attacks in New York 14 years ago or the explosion in Tianjin on Wednesday night it is always the firefighters 4 take the lead to run to the very cen

10、ter, saving lives by 5 (risk) their own. I cried today near the explosion site, not because of the smoke from the ongoing fire _6 because of a short message a firefighter sent to a trusted friend that went viral online. It reads, cannot make it, my father is 7 (you); and please remember 8 (sweep) my

11、 mother ' s tomb. " I was thrilled later to learn that he did make it.“Everyoneknows it ' s9 (danger) to be a firefighter. But he has always liked it and has done it for 12 years, " his father said." He survived this time, but noone(haowsnwhatnext time. ”4、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1

12、个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It is quite clear that air planes provide efficient and convenient way to travel.Thanks to planes, the world we live in has become a (small) place.getting to somewhere by air can cause a lot of stress for people sometimes.There are many reasons an unpleasant journey, such as long lin

13、es at the airportor screaming kids who seat (them) behind you. However, recent (study) conducted by US travel platform Expedia have found that more than half of the people (survey) say what annoys them most are the passengers continually kick, bump or grab airplane seats.Why do they do that? Are the

14、y bored, nervous or just(complete) unaware?There is no sure answer to that question, it seems. According to Expedia, this behavior is likely (remain) one of the most common and hated parts of travelling by air. 5、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当白单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOn the first day of my f

15、irst grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I1(voice)my biggest concern to my mother." How will I make friends? ” She handed meadvice. " Be yourself. " For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervo

16、usly 2(face) challenges. I know I will whisper to3(I) the two simple words“ Be yourself ".BEarth Day,4(mark)on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awarenessabout environmental protection. First celebrated 5 1970,the Day now includes events inmore than 190 countries and regions(地

17、区).No matter what you like to do, there is a way to getinvolved in various 6(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal withlocally grown vegetables, or save power the possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question7(suggest)t

18、hat,f or most students, it doesn't. What students do at college seems to mattermuch more than 8 they go. The students benefitting most from college are those 9are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. taking full advantage of the college' s chances andresources(资源),Students should have a prop

19、er attitude towards college before thinking aboutwhich coll ege to attend, and it ' s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and10(meaning)college experience.6、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared i

20、n class one day,(wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he (buy) the school, And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City .For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt (please ), because there weremany empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn' t her, it wa

21、s probably the factthat she sat in last row . he thought he could escape attention by sittingat the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little (hard) for everybody becauseit meant they had to turn around, but that didn' t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever theyturned to look

22、at him, they had to look at Mary, made her feel like a star." Do youneed those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.'appreciate it if you didn' t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I' m speyou. " The new boy looked at the

23、 teacher a few seconds and all the other studentswondered the boy would do. Then he took off, gave a big smile and said"That ' s cool. "7、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。From the first day I arrived in Kunming, I had my understanding of China (change). Far from being narrow-minded

24、and hostile to (foreign) , people came upto talk to me the first time I went out on the street. It happened to be all in Chinese, so I didnunderstand much,it did cause me to rethink my assumptions.As my Chinese improved, this continued throughout my stay, from my landlord introducingme to people who

25、 could help us learn Chinese to (get) to know the couple who ran a noodle restaurant nearby.If you ' re interested in other people, their culture, and their language, they ' ll be(friend) to you. China isn 't exception.Don' t judge a country by its media coverage,(especial) some West

26、ern media, which have much prejudice.I saw a very different kind of China with my own eyes. Kunming, I lived formost of my stay, wasn ' t much polluted. I had frank conversations with Chinese people about almost everything.Still China (develop) , but the economic growth means that most people (s

27、ee) their living standards improve rapidly in the last 20 years. People I spoke withwere generally optimistic about the future.8、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不超过3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。When foreigners come to China, they may be (surprise) at Chinese ' s specialfondness and preference for seals仰章).To Chinese, sea

28、ls are an art of deep cultural roots,combines the essence of both calligraphy(书法)and sculpture and inspires generations to study, to appreciate and to collect.It is believed that seals came out as early 8,000 years ago after our ancestorscould make pottery wares(陶瓷)and had private property. They tri

29、ed to make marks on (they) own possessions to prevent them from being stolen. When the first dynasty (found),the king began to use seals to empower(授权)and to show lordly credits. Only the king ' s special seal was then called represent) the highest authority. The firstemperor of China, Qin Shi H

30、uang, had his "X (m ake) out of the invaluable andbeautiful jade " Heshi Bi ".Then the local governments also needed seals for same function. Meanwhile, private seals were carved in a variety of lucky (character)and vivid animal patterns. (gradual). the sphragistics ( 章学)came into bei

31、ng.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：and; be made; to create; using; as/when; gradually; who; development; were; with 解析：考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲的国家，它们是并列关系，故填and。考查固定词组。sth. be made of精美的筷子可能非由金或银制成的筷子莫属。.某物由.制成，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填be made。考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来，以创造出特殊风格的筷子。这里用不定式表目的，故填to create。考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮

32、食物，用树枝把锅移开,use的逻辑主语是people,两者是主动关系，用现在分词表示伴随状况，故填using。考查时间状语从句。句意:随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以煮得快一点， 这里是时间状语从句,when意为 当时候”后跟长动作或短动作，故填as/when。考查副词。副词修饰动词或形容词，这里修饰动词短语turned into,应该用副词，故填gradually。考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号，说明是非限制f定语从句，先行词是Confucius筷子,定语从句缺少主语，且指人，故填who。考查词性转换。the+名词+of,意为“的”这里指 筷子的发展”故填developme

33、nt。考查时态。根据句意可知，这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一个宾语从句，and连接了两个并列的谓语，主语knives是复数，根据时态一致的原则，这里用一 般过去时，故填were。考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法一一用手拿，with+表示具体工具的名词，故填with。2答案及解析：答案： who; But; a; hid; Another; it; saying; will be; strength; Under解析：考查定语从句，先行词指人，定语从句缺少主语，故用who。根据句意 范想确认一下镇上的人是否值得他帮助。”可知，这里应该是转折

34、关系。泛指一块大石头,a large stone。考查hide的过去式。泛指另一个人”用another,并且,后文有提示。前文提到的事物，再次提到用代词代替，以避免重复。故用it。动词ing在此表伴随状况，且表主动。根据句意可知，此人说的情况是将来的情况。故用一般将来时。用尽全力” with后要用 力量”的名词形式。即strength o在石头下，他发现一大袋钱。考查介词在下面"under3答案及解析：答案：1.from 2. probably 3. disasters 4. that/who 5. risking6. but 7.yours 8. to sweep 9. dange

35、rous10. will happen解析：1 .from考查介词.escape from意为"逃离",是固定搭配2 .probably考查副词.修饰句子用副词.3 .disasters考查名t复数.disaster是可数名词，根据谓语动词happen,主语要用复数形式disasters.4 .that/who考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词the firefighters在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/who.5 .risking考查动名词.by是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式.6 .but考查固定搭配.not r比意为"不是一而是&qu

36、ot;,连接对等的成份.7 .yours考查代词.根据句意：如果我回不来，我的父亲就是你的父亲.yours=your father.8 .to sweep考查动词不定式.remember to do sth.意为"记得去做某事"，用动词不定式作宾语.9 .dangerous考查形容词.It is+形容词+to do意为"做某事是的"，用形容词作表语.10 .will happen考查动词时态.根据句中状语 next time,用一般将来时态.4答案及解析：答案：1. an2.smaller3. But4. for5. themselves6. studi

37、es7. surveyed8. who/that9. completely10. to remain解析：(1)考查冠词。句意：很明显，飞机提供了一种有效和方便的旅行方式。文中泛指种有效和方便的旅行方式” ,efficient的首字母发音是元音，用不定冠词an,故填an。(2)考查比较级。句意:多亏了飞机，我们生活的世界变得更小了。文中指 更小的地方”含有比较含义，用比较级，故填smaller o(3)考查连词。句意：但是，坐飞机去某地有时会给人们带来很大的压力。文中表示转折关系 ， 故填But。(4)考查介词。句意：对于一次不愉快的旅行，有很多原因，比如在机场排起长队，或者孩子们在你身后尖叫

38、。文中表示对于”故填for。(5)考查固定短语。句意：对于一次不愉快的旅行，有很多原因，比如在机场排起长队，或者孩子 们在你身后尖叫。seat oneself就坐，该短语是固定短语，故填themsekes。(6)考查名词。句意:然而,美国旅游平台Expedia最近进行的一项研究发现，超过一半的受访者 表示，最让他们恼火的是那些不断踢、撞或抢飞机座位的乘客。作句子主语 ，用名词，最近的 研究”是复数，故填studies。(7)考查非谓语动词。survey的逻辑主语是the people,它们之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语 故填 surveyed o(8)考查定语从句。continually k

39、ick, bump or grab airplane seats. 是一个定语从句，修饰先 行词the passengers关系词在从句中作主语 ，指人，故填 who/that。(9)考查副词。句意：他们是感到无聊、紧张还是完全没有意识到？该空修饰形容词 unaware,用副词，故填completely。(10)考查固定句型。句意:Expedia表示，这种行为可能仍然是乘飞机旅行中最常见、最令人讨厌的部分之一。be likely to do很有可能，该句型是固定句型，故填to remain。5答案及解析：答案：1. voiced ； 2. Facing ； 3. Myself； 4. mark

40、ed ； 5. in ； 6. Activities ；7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. Where； 9. who/that； 10. Meaningful ；解析：A这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑，妈妈的话让他受益终身。1 .考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，我将如何交朋友？ ”此处的voice是动词，表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用过去式。故填 voicedo2 .考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I

41、,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填 facing o3 .考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字做你自己本句的主语是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填 myself。B这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日。4 .考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于 4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度 活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语，且与其之间是被动关系，要用过去分t。故填 marked。5 .考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填

42、in。6 .考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据 设空前的various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填 activities oC这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明， 大学的名气对学生来说并不重要， 从大学生活中受 益最多的是完全投入学术生活， 充分利用大学的机会和资源的学生。 所以要以正确的态度来 选择大学。7 .考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示 研究的客观结果，所以用现在时或一般过去时均可，故填 suggests/suggested/has suggested 8.考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做

43、什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达 去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用 where。9 .考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。_9_are totally engaged（参与）in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those,空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填 who或that。10 .考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience ,故此处也要用形容词。故填 meaningful。6答案及解析： 答案：1. wearing2. had bought3. pleased4. the5

44、. If6. harder7. which8. for9. what10. them解析：1 .wearing考查非谓语动词的用法.作伴随状语，描述谓语动词appear的状态，表主动，用现在分 词.句意为：一天他突然出现在课堂上，戴着太阳镜.2 .had bought考查虚拟语气.在主格人称代词 he后,显然是作谓语；又因他不可能买下了这个 学校，故应用虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，故填had bought.3 .pleased考查词形变化.描述主语Mary的状态，作系动词feel的表语，所以用pleased,意思'是： 高兴的、愉快的.4 .the考查冠词.名词row前有last修饰,所

45、以用定冠词表特指.1.1 f考查连词.因he thought与he was wrong是两个句子，且两者之间没有关联词，必定是填 关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系是条件关系 ，应填连词if（如果，要是）.且首字母要大写.句意 为:如果他认为坐在教室的后排就能逃脱大家的注意，那他就想错了 .6 .harder考查词形变化.作宾补依然要用形容词，所以不作词类转换，可考虑比较级；句中a little 修饰比较级harder,表示"更难一点".7 .which考查关系，的用法.引导一个非限制性定语从句作主语，代替前面的整个句子，所以用 which.8 .for考查介词.a few seconds是表示时间段的名词，所以用介词for引导.9 .what考查名词性从句.引导一个宾语从句，在从句中作i 1语动词do的宾语，所以用what.10 .them考查代词.代替上文提到的glasses艮镜）,作宾语，用代词them.7答案及解析： 答案：1. changed ;2. foreigners ;3. but ;4. getting ;5. friendly ;6. an ;7. especially ;8. where ;9. Is developing; 10. have seen 解析：考查非谓语动词作补语。此处表示我对中国的理解改变了&quo