anthropology人类应用学

1、AnthropologyGroup 3What is anthropology?Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. page111SocietyCultureKey termssubfieldthe study of the evolution of the human species 1. Influenced by personality and personal feelings2. Related subjects are psychology and psychiatryPhysical

2、 anthropologythe study of learned behaviour in human societiesCultural anthropology One of the most famous female anthropology Ruth Benedict Ruth Benedict Ruth Fulton Benedict (June 5, 1887 September 17, 1948) was an American anthropologist and folklorist whose theories had a profound influence on c

3、ultural anthropology, especially in the area of culture and personality. Life 1909She was born in New York City in 1887, attended Vassar College and graduated in 1909.1919She entered graduate studies at Columbia University in 1919, where she studied under Franz Boas. She received her Ph.D. and joine

4、d the faculty in 1923.1919In her search for a career, she decided to attend some lectures at the New School for Social Research while looking into the possibility of becoming an educational philosopher. While at the school, she took a class called Sex in Ethnology .She enjoyed the class and took ano

5、ther anthropology course with Alexander Goldenweiser, a student of noted anthropologist Franz Boas. With Goldenweiser as her teacher, Ruths love for anthropology steadily grew.worksPatterns of CultureThe Chrysanthemum and the SwordThe Races of MankindPatterns of CultureFamous Essence Benedicts Patte

6、rns of Culture (1934) was translated into fourteen languages and was published in many editions as standard reading for anthropology courses in American universities for years.The essential idea in Patterns of Culture is, according to the foreword by Margaret Mead, her view of human cultures as pers

7、onality writ large.“ As Benedict wrote in that book, A culture, like an individual, is a more or less consistent pattern of thought and actionmore easier “Shared beliefs, values, norms, and social practices that are stable over time and that lead to roughly similar behaviors across similar situations.” 文化模式