语言学选择题练习

1、语言学选择题练习出.There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best completethe statement:1. The morpheme “ vision ” in the common word “ televisioDn_. ” is a(n) _A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme2. The compound word “ bookstore ” is the plac

2、e where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound D.A. is the sum total of the meaning of its componentsB. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.3. The part of speech of the compounds is

3、 generally determined by the part of speech ofB_.A. the first elementB. the second elementC. either the first or the second elementD. both the first and the second elements4. _Bare those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with othermorphemes, either free or bound, to form a wo

4、rd.A. Free morphemesB. Bound morphemesC. Bound wordsD. Words5. _Cis a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and therules by which words are formed.A. SyntaxB. GrammarC. MorphologyD. Morpheme6. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _C.A. lexicalB. morphemicC. g

5、rammaticalD. semantic7. Bound morphemes are those that _D.A. have to be used independentlyB. can not be combined with other morphemesC. can either be free or boundD. have to be combined with other morphemes8. A modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the origi

6、nal word.A. PrefixesB. SuffixesC. RootsD. Affixes9.B are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by thelinguists.A. WordsB. MorphemesC. PhonemesD. Sentences10. -s'°' in the word " books " is .A. a derivative affixB. a stemC. an inflectional affixD. a root

7、11 Of all the speech organs, the C is/are the most flexible.A. mouthB. lipsC. tongueD. vocal cords12. The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are A sounds.A. voicelessB. voicedC. vowelD. consonantal13.B is a voiced alveolar stop.A./z/B./d/C. /k/D. /b/14. The assimilation rule assimilat

8、es one sound to another by “ copying " a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones D.A. identicalB. sameC. exactly alikeD. similar15. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be A.A. in phonem

9、ic contrastB. in complementary distributionC. the allophonesD. minimal pair16. The sound /f/ is D.A. voiced palatal affricateB. voiced alveolar stopC. voiceless velar fricativeD. voiceless labiodental fricative17. A _C_ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the

10、highest position.A. backB. centralC. frontD. middle18. Distinctive features can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segments are calledC.A. phonetic componentsB. immediate constituentsC. suprasegmental featuresD.

11、semantic features19. A(n)D is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection ofdistinctive phonetic features.A. phoneB.soundC. allophoneD. Phoneme20.The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the _D_ of that phoneme.A.

12、phonesB.soundsC. phonemesD. allophones21. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be C.A. prescriptive B. analytic C. descriptive D. linguistic22. Modern linguistics regards the written language as C.A. primary B. correct C. secondary D. stable23.

13、 A historical study of language is a _B study of language.A. synchronic B. diachronic C. prescriptive D. comparative24. According to F. de Saussure,C refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all themembers of a speech community.A. parole B. performance C. langue D. Language25. Language can

14、 be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called A , A. displacement B. duality C. flexibility D. cultural transmission26. Of all the speech organs, the _C is/are the most flexible.A. mouth B. lips C. tongue D. vocal cords27. The sounds produ

15、ced without the vocal cords vibrating are A sounds.A. voiceless B. voiced C. vowel D. consonantal28. Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be A.A. in phonemic contrast B. in complementary distributionC. the allop

16、honesD. minimal pair29. A _C_ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position.A. back B. central C. front D. middle30. A(n)D is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection ofdistinctive phonetic features.A. phone B. sound

17、 C. allophone D. phoneme31. The morpheme “ vision “ in the common word “television.” is a(n)A. bound morpheme B. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme32. The compound word “ bookstore " is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound D.A. is the sum

18、 total of the meaning of its componentsB. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.33. C is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and therules by which words are formed.A. Syntax B.

19、 Grammar C. Morphology D. Morpheme34. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is C.A. lexical B. morphemic C. grammatical D. semantic35. A modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word. A. Prefixes B. Suffixes C. Roots D. Affixes36. A sent

20、ence is considered _D_ when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in the mind of native speakers.A. right B. wrong C. grammatical D. ungrammatical37. Phrase structure rules have A properties.A. recursive B. grammatical C. social D. functional38. Phrase structure rules allow us to better u

21、nderstand D.A. how words and phrases form sentences.B. what constitutes the grammaticality of strings of wordsC. how people produce and recognize possible sentencesD. All of the above.39. Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called A .A. transformational rules B. generative rules C.

22、 phrase structure rules D. x-bar theory40. The sentence structure is D.A. only linear B. only hierarchical C. complex D. both linear and hierarchical41. The syntactic rules of any language are _C_ in number.A. large B. small C. finite D. infinite42. The D rules are the rules that group words and phr

23、ases to form grammatical sentences.A. lexical B. morphological C. linguistic D. combinational43. “ We shall know a word by the company it keeps." This statement rep_esentsA. the conceptualist view B. contexutalism C. the naming theory D. behaviourism44. " Can I borrow your bike? D You have

24、 a bike. ”A. is synonymous with B. is inconsistent with C. entails D. presupposes45. B is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.A. Predication analysis B. Componential analysis C. Phonemic analysis D. Grammatical analysis46. “ Alive &

25、quot; and " dead" areC .A. gradable antonyms B. relational opposites C. complementary antonyms D. None of the above47. C refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form. A. Polysemy B. Synonymy C. Homonymy D. Hyponymy48. Words that are close in meaning are

26、called D.A. homonyms B. polysemy C. hyponyms D. synonyms49. A does not study meaning in isolation, but in context.A. Pragmatics B. Semantics C. Sense relation D. Concept50. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning D isconsidered.A. reference B. speec

27、h act C. practical usage D. context51. A sentence is a B concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied inisolation.A. pragmatic B. grammatical C. mental D. conceptual52. If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes a(n) C.A. constative

28、B. directive C. utterance D. expressive53. Which of the following is true?BA. Utterances usually do not take the form of sentences.B. Some utterances cannot be restored to complete sentences.C. No utterances can take the form of sentences.D. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences.54. C

29、 is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is theconsequence of, or thechange brought about by the utterance.A. A locutionary act B. An illocutionary act C. A perlocutionary act D. A performative act55. All the acts that belong to the same category share the same purpose, but th

30、ey differ C.A. in their illocutionary acts.B. in their intentions expressedC. in their strength or forceD. in their effect brought about56. When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted,D might arise.A. impoliteness B. contradictions C. mutual understanding D. conversational impl

31、icatures57. English language belongs to A.A. Indo-European Family B. Sino-Tibetan Family C. Austronesian Family D. Afroasiatic Family58. Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness B. Displacement C. Duality D. Meaningfulness59. In modern linguistics, speech is

32、regarded as more basic than writing, because.A. in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writingB. speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyedC. speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongueD. All of the above60. Lang

33、uage is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between andmeanings.A. sense B. sounds C. objects D. ideas61. A sentence is considered when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in themind of native speakers.A. rightB. wrongC. grammaticalD. ungrammatical62. A in the em

34、bedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.A. coordinatorB. particleC. prepositionD. subordinator63. Phrase structure rules have properties.A. recursiveB. grammaticalC. socialD. functional64. Phrase structure rules allow us to better understand.A. how words and

35、 phrases form sentences.B. what constitutes the grammaticality of strings of wordsC. how people produce and recognize possible sentencesD. All of the above.65. Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called.A. transformational rulesB. generative rulesC. phrase structure rulesD. x-bar t

36、heory66. The theory of case condition accounts for the fact that.A. noun phrases appear only in subject and object positions.B. noun phrases can be used to modify another noun phraseC. noun phrase can be used in adverbial positionsD. noun phrase can be moved to any place if necessary.67. The sentenc

37、e structure is.A. only linearB. Only hierarchicalC. complexD. both linear and hierarchical68. The syntactic rules of any language are in number.A. largeB. smallC. finiteD. infinite69. The rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences.A. lexicalB. morphologicalC. ling

38、uisticD. combinational70.rules may change the syntactic representation of a sentence.A. GenerativeB. TransformationalC. X-barD. Phrase structure71. The naming theory is advanced by.A. PlatoB. BloomfieldC. Geoffrey LeechD. Firth72. “ We shall know a word by the company it keeps." This statement representsA. the conceptualist viewB. contexutalismC. the nami