Edgar_Allan_Poe

1、Shylock HolmesBenedict Cumberbatch 柯尼迪克特 康伯巴奇Conan Doyle柯南柯南 道尔道尔Martin Freeman 马丁马丁 弗里曼弗里曼(1809-1849)Edgar Allen PoeEdgar Allan PoeA. novelist, poet, critic;B. good at writing Gothic and detective fiction, father of western detective stories;C. His aesthetics has influenced such French symbolists a

2、nd advocates for “art for arts sake” as Baudelaire; D. His writings have influenced such writers as Conan Doyle, T. S. Eliot and William Faulkner.E. Life He lived a short and tragic life.l(1) His childhood was a miserable one. He lost both of his parents when he was very young and then he was adopte

3、d by a wealthy merchant, John Allan. Poes relation with the Allans was unhappy.l(2) He entered University of Virginia and then West Point but did not finish.l(3) He worked as editor and writer ，most of his life and he was always poor.l(4) At 27 he married his thirteen-year-old cousin, whose death in

4、 1847 left him inconsolable.II. Major Works: l Poetry: 1 The Raven (1844) 乌鸦乌鸦2 Annabel Lee 安娜贝尔丽安娜贝尔丽3 The Sleeper 睡美人4 A Dream Within a Dream 梦中梦5 Israfel伊斯拉菲尔6 The Bells 钟7 Sonnet To Science 十四行诗-致科学8 To Helen 献给海伦献给海伦9 The City in the Sea 海中的城市The Raven 叙述了一位经受失亲之痛的男子在孤苦无奈叙述了一位经受失亲之痛的男子在孤苦无奈 心灰意

5、冷的深夜与一只乌鸦邂逅的故事心灰意冷的深夜与一只乌鸦邂逅的故事 基调凄怆疑惧基调凄怆疑惧 源于不可逆转的绝望源于不可逆转的绝望 随着乌鸦一声声随着乌鸦一声声“永不复生永不复生”而加深而加深 直至绝望到无以复加的终行直至绝望到无以复加的终行 “ “永不复生永不复生”共重复了共重复了1111次次 它是乌鸦唯一的话语它是乌鸦唯一的话语 既是它的名字既是它的名字 也是它对作者每一次询问的回答也是它对作者每一次询问的回答 听起来既答非所问听起来既答非所问 又觉得非常应景又觉得非常应景 它把一幕原本荒诞的对话推向了对生存价值的哲理叙述它把一幕原本荒诞的对话推向了对生存价值的哲理叙述 人至爱的一切不正像乌鸦

6、聒噪的那样人至爱的一切不正像乌鸦聒噪的那样 一旦逝去便永不复生吗？一旦逝去便永不复生吗？ 1212月的一个深夜月的一个深夜 又黑又冷又黑又冷 这是叙述者凄苦难耐的心理写照这是叙述者凄苦难耐的心理写照 正是这种心境引来了乌鸦正是这种心境引来了乌鸦 它枯立在指挥女神的塑像上它枯立在指挥女神的塑像上 一次次地传达着冥界的讯息一次次地传达着冥界的讯息 一次次地用沙哑刺耳的一次次地用沙哑刺耳的“永不复生永不复生”的字眼戳啄着叙述者业已破碎的心的字眼戳啄着叙述者业已破碎的心 使他的灵魂沉入低徊飘荡的阴影之中使他的灵魂沉入低徊飘荡的阴影之中 To HelenlHelen thy beauty is to m

7、e Like those Nicean barks of yore That gently oer a perfumed sea The weary wayworn wanderer bore To his own native shore. On desperate seas long wont to roam Thy hyacinth hair thy classic face Thy Naiad airs have brought me home To the glory that was Greece And the grandeur that was Rome. Lo! in yon

8、 brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand The agate lamp within thy hand! Ah Psyche from the regions which Are Holy Land! l海伦，海伦， 你的美对于我犹如尼萨的船舸，你的美对于我犹如尼萨的船舸， 在往昔，在往昔， 它们滑过芬芳的海波，它们滑过芬芳的海波， 把漂泊者从倦人的旅羁载回故把漂泊者从倦人的旅羁载回故国的陆地。国的陆地。 经历了海风多次的吹拂经历了海风多次的吹拂 你那风信子般的美发，你那风信子般的美发， 你典雅的脸庞，你典雅的脸庞， 水仙

9、女的风姿，水仙女的风姿， 带我回到希腊的熠熠光华和古带我回到希腊的熠熠光华和古罗马的气魄。罗马的气魄。 看看! ! 在一个华美的窗龛你犹如雕像在一个华美的窗龛你犹如雕像那样伫立，那样伫立， 玛瑙明灯擎在手里！玛瑙明灯擎在手里！ 啊，赛琪，你来自彼岸那不可啊，赛琪，你来自彼岸那不可及的圣地！及的圣地！ Short storiesl1 MS. Found in a Bottle (1833) 瓶中手稿l2 Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque (1839) 荒诞奇异的故事l3 The Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841) 毛格

10、街血案l4 The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古屋的倒塌l5 The Cask of Amontillado 一桶白葡萄酒l6 Ligeia 丽姬娅l7 The Purloined Letter 窃信案l8 The Man of the Crowd 人群中的人l9 The Tell-Tale Heart 泄密的心l10 William Wilson威廉.威尔逊l11 Black Cat黑猫l12 The Imp of the Perverse变态的小鬼l13 The Gold Bug金甲虫l14 The Mystery of Marie Roger 玛丽.罗热疑

11、案l15 The Masque of the Red Death 红色死亡的化妆舞会The Cask of Amontillado阿芒提拉多的酒桶III. Gothic Novel The Gothic novel, or “Gothic romance” flourished through the early nineteenth century. Authors of such novels set their stories in the medieval period, often in a gloomy castle, and made plentiful use of ghost

12、s, mysterious disappearances, and other sensational and supernatural occurrences; their principal aim was to evoke chilling terror by exploiting mystery, cruelty, and a variety of horrors. The term “gothic” has also been extended to denote a type of fiction that a. develops an atmosphere of gloom or terror, b. represents events which are mysterious, horrible, or extremely violent, and c. often deals with abnormal psychological states. IV. Writing Style: Poes style is traditi