国际音标教学

1、 一、一、4848个国际音标个国际音标Ask and answer:为什么为什么要学习音标？要学习音标？音素和国际音标音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：字母在单词中的发音。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20,辅音 音素28。4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。元音和辅音的定义： 发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。 不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。 发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。 发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。国际音标国际音标4848元音元音2020辅音辅音2828元音单元

2、音12个长元音/:/:/:/i:/U:/短元音/e/双元音8个/a/e/e/a/辅音10对清辅音/p/t/k/f/s/t/tr/ts/浊辅音/b/d/g/v/z/d/ /dr/ /dz/鼻音3/m/n/似拼音3/h/r/半元音2/j/w/辅音音标辅音音标I I/p/b/t/d/k/g/f/v/s/z/h/r/元音音标元音音标 - -单元音单元音（长元音）（长元音） /:/:/:/i:/U:/:/ /:/ /:/ /i:/ /U:/拼读练习拼读练习 /:/:/:/i:/U:/p/k/s/:/:/:/i:/U:/b/g/z/:/:/:/i:/U:/t/f/h/:/:/:/i:/U:/d/v/r/辅

3、音音标辅音音标IIII/s/ /z/ /m/ /n/w/j/m/ /n/w/j/元音音标元音音标 - -单元音单元音（短元音）（短元音） /:/:/:/i:/U:/e/拼读练习拼读练习 /e/e/m/n/l/w/j/辅音音标辅音音标IIIIII/t/d/t/ /d/ts/dz/tr/dr/t/ /d/ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/元音音标元音音标 - -双元音双元音 / /a/e/ /a/ / /e/ /拼读练习拼读练习 /tr/ /dr/ /a/t/ /d/e/ /a/ /t/ /d/ /e/ /国际音标表国际音标表元音单元音12个长元音/:/:/:/i:/U:/短元音/e/双元音8个

4、/a/e/e/a/辅音10对清辅音/p/t/k/f/s/t/tr/ts/浊辅音/b/d/g/v/z/d/ /dr/ /dz/鼻音3/m/n/似拼音3/h/r/半元音2/j/w/二、音标常见的二、音标常见的字母和字母组合字母和字母组合/:/afatherclassarcardfarmalhalfpalmauauntlaugh根据发音规则，圈出发/:/的2个单词。1.calmlipdoctorafter2.cloudfastgardengate3.ballscarflasttiger4.joblorryMarchpark/omotherloveulunchunderoobloodfloodouco

5、untryenough根据发音规则，找出每组中发/的单词。1.hearcupbedair2.voiceboyduckant3.vasecornbeargun4.cuteboymoneyher/:/altalkwallorcornmorningauautumnfaultawdrawlawarwarquarteroorfloordoorourfourpouraughdaughtercaughtoughoughtbought根据发音规则，圈出发根据发音规则，圈出发/:/的单词。的单词。1.tallbirdbreadpoor2.ideachairsporthare3.cakebearwalkcup4.

6、drinkshortbagmilk/ohotdogawantwatchaubecause sausage根据发音规则，圈出发根据发音规则，圈出发/的单词。的单词。1.doctorteacherboxclothes2.coldzooclockdog3.lovebosslotviolin4.watchbeachfoxgirl/:/irbirddirtyertermmercyorworkworldurfurnurseearearlyearth根据发音规则，圈出发根据发音规则，圈出发/:/的单词。的单词。1.thirtybeerthirstywheat2.bankkinghernurse3.turtl

7、ebirdrabbitknee4.roomrunshirtterm/asofaageeopensharpenersisterfatherordoctorvisitorotodaytonight/i:/eebeesheepeameatteaiefieldthiefeweme根据发音规则，圈出发根据发音规则，圈出发/i:/的单词。的单词。1.seatrainbeancat2.giftfeetteacherdog3.pigstartreejeep4.sweetseafishthe/ibighiteprettybeforeyanyluckyeymonkey money根据发音规则，圈出发根据发音规则，

8、圈出发/的单词。的单词。/U:/oshoedourulerJuneootoothnoonuifruitjuiceousoupyouuebluetrue根据发音规则，找出不发根据发音规则，找出不发/U:/的单词。的单词。1.juicemoonzoopanda2.toothbroomeyespoon3.headbootnoodlespool4.nooncoolbootwatch/usugarbutcheroofootgoodoushouldcould根据发音规则，圈出不发根据发音规则，圈出不发/的单词。的单词。1.mouthbooklookpull2.pushtapesugarfoot3.wood

9、kindwolfbull4.bulletwoodcookname/e/epenlegeaheadheavy根据发音规则，圈出不发根据发音规则，圈出不发/e/的单词。的单词。1.catwelllegpen2.sweatmappetelephant3.eggtentalldesk4.breadheadbedtoy/abackact根据发音规则，找出发根据发音规则，找出发/的单词。的单词。1.ratbedfacesport2.hearcupfatpear3.ricebatfingertree4.seayoungknifeapple/e/anamefaceaimailrainaydayplayeagr

10、eatsteakeytheygreyeigeightweight根据发音规则，圈出不发根据发音规则，圈出不发/e/的单词。的单词。1.facewavesheeptail2.grapeplanenamecoat3.timetapetrainsnake4.rainsoapcaketrain/a/ikniferideyskyshyiediepieyebyeuybuyguyighlightnight根据发音规则，找出每组中发根据发音规则，找出每组中发/a/的单词的单词.1.ricegoodjamright2.shipmineice-creammouse3.cloudsittieeye4.writesm

11、alltenniskite/oioilcoinoytoyboy根据发音规则，找出发/的单词.1.soilhearsoycold2.rabbitbedboynoise3.walkvoiceboilword4.teaenjoytoymilk/eartearbeardeerbeercheerereheresever根据发音规则，圈出发/的单词。1.bearbeerfairtail2.noodlespairnearcome3.horseneartowerair4.ringkingherethree/e/aredarecareairhairstairearpearweareirtheirheireret

12、herewhere根据发音规则，圈出发/e/的单词。1.bearideapineappletail2.noodlespairclimbcome3.horsehousetowerair4.ringkingharethree/uausually oormoorureassureourour根据发音规则，圈出发/的单词。1.cleartouristpineappletail2.noodlespairclimbfury3.beardcuretowerair4.voicekingpureengineer/ooldopenoasoaproadousoulshoulderowslowsnowoughthou

13、ghalthough根据发音规则，圈出发/的单词。1.coatgoattreeriver2.makewindowkniferoad3.yourwhiterowcoat4.boathennoselamp/a/ouaboutshoutowhowbowourhoursour根据发音规则，选出不发根据发音规则，选出不发/a/的单词。的单词。1.mousecloudarmcrown2.teachertrouserscowmouth3.towndanceflowerhouse4.towerblousenowbaby/p/ppencapppapplehappy/b/bbirdboatbbrabbitcabb

14、age/t/ttelltallttlittleattack/d/ddaddayddsuddenmuddy/k/kkeykickccarcrycksickduck/g/ggogameggbeggarstruggleguguestguard/f/fflyfireffcliffsniffphphotophrase/v/vviewvasevecavefive/s/ssunbuscagencycancelcericefacessbosspress/z/zzipzoosaseasy/thtoothhealth/ththeythan/ssuresugarshsheshipchchefmachinecispe

15、cialdelicioustinationpatient/susuallypleasureggarageprestigesivisiondicision/h/hhaveherowhwhowhat/r/rriceroserrerrorarrestrhrhythmrhinowrwrongwrite/t/tnaturequestionchcheesechurchtchkitchencatch/d/jjokejumpgeagehugedgefridgejudgeggentleimage/tr/trtriptrousers/dr/drdrydress/ts/tshatsantstesgateskites

16、tsletsthats/dz/dsbedshandsdesridesgrades/m/mmilkmeetmmsummerswimmer/n/nrunnumbernndinnerfunny/npinklinkngsingking/lgirlleftllballwall/w/wwatchworkwhwhitewhenooneonceuquitquite/j/yyouryesuunituseago/g/以前magic/mdk/有魔力的，神奇的clever/klev/聪明的foolish/ful/愚蠢的through/ru/穿过laugh/lf/笑，大笑wear/we/穿tell/tel/讲，叙述ea

17、ch/it/每个say/se/说sentence/sent()ns/句子quick/kwk/迅速的，快的next/nekst/下一个little/lt()l/小的，年幼的chance/tns/机会think/k/想，思考hard/hd/努力地，费劲地child/tald/孩子turninto/tn/nt/变成三、语音的基本常识三、语音的基本常识1、音节的划分、音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。e.g. / zed / 2、重读音节、重读音节 任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方标上，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方标上重读符号重读符号“”。e.g. /menju:/ /rks/3、浊化音、浊化音 以以sp_, st_, sk_开头的单词中，清辅音开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。e.g. sport student skate5、连读、连读在一个短语