新概念1册 101-102课

1、Lesson 101 A card from Jimmy吉米的明信片 Todays English1.Good luck! 祝好运!2. I promise 我保证 Scotland sktlnd n.苏格兰（英国） card k:d n. 明信片 youth ju: n. 青年 hostel hstl n. 招待所，旅馆 association sen n. 协会 soon su:n adv. 不久 write (wrote, written) v. 写 Scotland sktlnd n.苏格兰（英国） 苏格兰是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国下属的地区之一，位于大不列颠岛北部，英格兰之北，以格

2、子花纹，风笛音乐，畜牧业与威士忌工业而闻名。 card k:d n. 明信片 =post card 明信片明信片credit card 信用卡信用卡an ID card 身份证身份证a birthday card 生日卡片生日卡片Play cards 打扑克打扑克visiting cardcalling cardbusiness card 名片 youth ju: n. 青年1) n.青年人，年轻人青年人，年轻人 （单复数同形）（单复数同形）该国的青年人一般都有礼貌。该国的青年人一般都有礼貌。The youth of the country is polite in general.2）n.

3、青年（少年）时期，青春时期青年（少年）时期，青春时期他少年时代在美国度过。（他少年时代在美国度过。（spend）He spent his youth in the U.S.A他年轻时学过意大利语。他年轻时学过意大利语。He studied Italian in his youth. hostel hstl n. 招待所，旅馆 association sen n.协会我父亲是牙医协会的会长。我父亲是牙医协会的会长。My father was the president of the dental association.p在组织或者机构前要加定冠词在组织或者机构前要加定冠词thethe Unit

4、ed Nations 联合国联合国 soon su:n adv. 不久1) adv.不久不久他不久就会回来。他不久就会回来。He will be back soon. 表演在晚餐之后很快就开始了。表演在晚餐之后很快就开始了。The show began soon after dinner.2)adv.快，早快，早Winter has come too soon.冬天来得太早了冬天来得太早了The sooner, the better. 越快越好越快越好as soon as 一一就就你一完成就告诉我你一完成就告诉我Tell me as soon as you have finished. wri

5、te (wrote, written) v. 写请你把姓名，地址写在这里。请你把姓名，地址写在这里。Write your name and address here, please. 我用铅笔还是用钢笔写？我用铅笔还是用钢笔写？Shall I write with a pencil or a pen? write in English用英文写用英文写write to sb. 给某人写信给某人写信我一个月给我家人写两封信。我一个月给我家人写两封信。I write to my family twice a month.Listen and answer:1.What does Grandmothe

6、r want Penny to read to her?2.Where is Jimmy?3 Has Jimmy been in Scotland for a long time?4. Where does he say hes staying?GRANDMOTHER: Read Jimmys card to me please, penny. PENNY:I have just arrived in Scotland and Im staying at a Youth Hostel.GRANDMOTHER: Eh? PENNY: He says hes just arrived in Sco

7、tland. He says hes staying at a Youth Hostel. You know hes a member of the Y.H.A.GRANDMOTHER: The what? PENNY: The Y.H.A., Mum. The Youth Hostels Association. GRANDMOTHER: What else does he say? PENNY: Ill write a letter soon. I hope you all well. GRANDMOTHER: What? Speak up. Penny. Im afraid I cant

8、 hear you PENNY: He says hell write a letter soon. He hopes we are all well. Love, Jimmy. GRANDMOTHER: Is that all? He doesnt say very much, does he? PENNY: He cant write very much on a card,Mum. 1.What does Grandmother want Penny to read to her?pJimmys Card.2.Where is Jimmy?pHes in Scotland.3 Has J

9、immy been in Scotland for a long time?pNo, he hasnt.4. Where does he say hes staying?pAt a Youth Hostel.Note on the text 课文讲解课文讲解1.Read Jimmys card to me please, Penny.read sth to sb =read sb sth把把读给读给听听读这份报纸给我听。读这份报纸给我听。Read the newspaper to me. 你能给我读一下这封信吗？你能给我读一下这封信吗？Can you read the letter to me

10、?2.just （1）刚刚（完成时态）刚刚（完成时态）她刚刚把钥匙给我。她刚刚把钥匙给我。He has just given the key to me. 他刚刚去图书馆。他刚刚去图书馆。She has just gone to the library.（2）正要）正要,刚要刚要 (进行时态进行时态)他们刚要作弊，老师过来了。他们刚要作弊，老师过来了。They were just cheating. The teacher came here. 3. Eh? =What?=Pardon?4. He says hes just arrived in Scotland. He says hes s

11、taying at a Youth Hostel.引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，叫做间接引语。例如： John says, “Im tired.” （引号内是直接引语） John says that he is tired. （宾语从句是间接引语） 直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语p直接引直接引语语就是直接引用就是直接引用说话说话人原来所人原来所说说的的话话，而，而间间接引接引语语就是原就是原话话的的转转述。述。p直接引直接引语语放在引号里，放在引号里，间间接引接引语语是把是把说话说话人人的原的原话变话变成成宾语宾语从句

12、。从句。p直接引直接引语变语变间间接引接引语须语须在人称，在人称，时态时态及地点及地点状状语语等方面作相等方面作相应应的的变变化。化。1.如果直接引语为陈述句，变为如果直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语间接引语时常时常用从属连词用从属连词that引导（口语中可省略），引导（口语中可省略），引述引述动常常用动常常用say, tell等。同时，概据主语的要求，等。同时，概据主语的要求，间接引语须在间接引语须在人称，时态及人称，时态及其它方面作相应的其它方面作相应的变化。变化。She said to me, “I have left my book in your room.” She told me

13、that she had left her book in my room.2. 如果直接引语为如果直接引语为疑问句疑问句，变为间接引语时，变为间接引语时关联词用关联词用whether, if 或其他疑问词或其他疑问词;词序与词序与一般从句相同，一般从句相同，引述动词引述动词常用常用say, ask, wonder等。等。“Is he your brother?” he said. He asked if he was my brother.Mr. Smith asked, “What is your name?”Mr. Smith asked what my name was. 3.如果直接

14、引语为如果直接引语为祈使句祈使句，变为间接引语，变为间接引语时多用时多用“名词（代词）名词（代词）+不定式不定式”结构。结构。1）引述表示）引述表示命令命令的祈使句，常用动词的祈使句，常用动词order, tell, warn;2）引述表示）引述表示请求请求的祈使句，常用动词的祈使句，常用动词ask, beg;3)引述表示引述表示建议、劝告的建议、劝告的祈使句，常用动词祈使句，常用动词advise等。等。The boss said, “Please come here again tomorrow.” The boss asked me to go there again the next d

15、ay. 宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词引导词that+that+陈述句陈述句 ififwhether+whether+一般疑问句一般疑问句 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ +特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时态时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理时态不变客观真理时态不变If whether “是否”pIt all depends on if she likes the boss.pIt a

16、ll depends on whether she likes the boss.pIt all depends on whether she likes the boss or not.用 whether 不用 if在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导p 例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.p 例：I dont know whether the movie star will come or not.和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.p 例：Whether to go there or

17、 not hasnt been decided.注意事项：p由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。p She said: “I have been to England before.”p She said that she had been to England before.p She asked me: “Do you like maths?”p She asked me if I liked maths.“疑问词+不定式”p 由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。p I dont know wha

18、t I should do next.p I dont know what to do next.p He didnt know where he would live.p He didnt know where to live.p 1. He said. He has a big house.p 2. Nobody knows. Did anybody get there on time?p 3. She wondered. Where can she wait for No. 11 bus?p 4. Aunt Liu asked her son :Do you find my handba

19、g?“p 5. The teacher told the students :The sun is bigger than the moon.“p 6. Did you know? Whats your father doing ?p 1. He said. He has a big house.He said he had a big house.p 2. Nobody knows. Did anybody get there on time?Nobody knows if anybody got there on time.p 3. She wondered. Where can she

20、wait for No. 11 bus?She wondered where she could wait for No. 11 bus.p 4. Aunt Liu asked her son :Do you find my handbag?Aunt Liu asked her son whether he found her handbag.p 5. The teacher told the students :The sun is bigger than the moon.The teacher told the students that the sun is bigger than t

21、he moon.p 6. Did you know? Whats your father doing ?Did you know what your father was doing?5.arrive in + 城市城市/ 国名（大地点）国名（大地点）她昨天到了马德里。她昨天到了马德里。She arrived in Madrid yesterday.arrive at +公共场所地点名称公共场所地点名称(airport, park, the station)（小（小地点）地点）我们十分钟前到达机场。我们十分钟前到达机场。We arrived at the airport the minutes

22、 ago. 6.You know hes a member of the Y.H.A. a member of 的成员之一她是我们班的一员。She is a memer of our class.7.What else does he say?What else 其它什么其它什么When else 其它什么时间其它什么时间Where else 其它什么地方其它什么地方Who else 其它什么人其它什么人你还想要其它什么东西？你还想要其它什么东西？What else do you want? 其它什么时间我们再见面呢？其它什么时间我们再见面呢？When else can we meet aga

23、in? 你还去过其它什么地方？你还去过其它什么地方？Where else have you been? 还有谁能做这件事？还有谁能做这件事？Who else can do it? 8. Speak up.=Louder, please.=Say it loudly, please. 9. Im afraid I cant hear you . hear 与 listen to 的区别： hear 听见，及物动词，强调结果 Can you hear me at the back? listen to 听，不及物动词，强调动作 Listen to me/ music, please!10. Lov

24、e, Jimmy. =Yours, Jimmy. 11.He doesnt say very much, does he? 反意疑问句反意疑问句简单来说就是: 陈述句+简短反义提问句 反意疑问句：定义：表示提问人的看法，但没有把握，需要对方的证实。结构：陈述句+简短疑问句。前肯后否，前否后肯。两部分的人称和时态要保持一致。 You are Jimmy, arent you? They wont leave, will they? 回答:要根据事实， Yes/No也要与后面一致： No, he doesnt. 是，他没写多少。 Yes, he does. 不，他写了很多。1.简单来说就是:陈述句

25、+简短反义提问句 1）当陈述部分为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式。例如:It is a cup,isnt it?（这是杯子，对么？）He wants to go home,doesnt he? （他想回家，对么？）2）当陈述部分为否定式，反意疑问句为肯定式。例如：It isnt a cup,is it?（这不是杯子，对么？）He doesnt want to go home,does he?（他不想回家，对么？） 2.反意疑问句的回答简单来说就是：无论问题是肯定还是否定，回答都是根据实际情况来回答。例如：You like apples, dont you?(你喜欢苹果，对么？）You dont l

26、ike apples, do you?（你不喜欢苹果，对么？）虽然问题不一样，但答案是：如果你喜欢的话就回答：Yes,I like.如果你不喜欢的话就回答：No,I dont like.3.特别注意：肯定反意疑问句的回答和否定反意疑问句的回答翻译成汉语是有区别的：1）肯定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是一致的：例如：“Its new, isnt it?” （“这是新的，对吗？”）“ ”Yes,it is.“ （是，是新的。”）“Its new, isnt it?“ （“这是新的，对吗？”）“ ”No,it isnt.“（不，不是新的。”） 2）而否定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成

27、汉语时是不一致的：例如：“It isnt new, is it?” （“这不是新的，对吗？ ）“Yes,it is.” （“不，是新的。”）”It isnt new, is it?“ （“这不是新的，对吗？”） 特别注意：当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。如： I find English very interesting, dont you? I dont like that film, do you? 当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成 代词时，附

28、加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦 可用he，尤其是nobody, no one等作主语，具 有否定概念时。如： Somebody phoned while I was out, didnt they? Nobody wants to go there, does he? 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时,附加 疑问句用it.Everything seems all right now, doesnt it?Nothing is kept in good order, is it? 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this

29、, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如： This is important, isnt it? These are your friends Tom and Jack, arent they? 5. 当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中用there。如： Theres no help for it, is there? Theres something wrong, isnt there? 6陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否

30、定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如： Bob rarely got drunk, did he? 7.如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如： He was unsuccessful, wasnt he? Tom dislikes the book, doesnt he? 7. Dont open the door, will you? Give me some cigarettes, can you? Take a rest, why dont you? Lets have a basketball match this afte

31、rnoon, shall we? Let us go out for a rest, will you?p1. Tom does his homework every day, ?p2. Hes swimming now, ?p3. She doesnt like maths, ?p4. They went to the beach yesterday, ?p5. They werent in Hangzhou last week, ?p6. He can speak a little French, ?p7. He can speak little French, ?p8. She never went to Shanghai, ?p9. Close the door,