新概念英语第三册第4课

1、NEW CONCEPT ENGLISHBOOK 3The double life of Alfred BloggsLesson 4Summary writing of L3lArchaeologists found a clay fragments in an ancient temple. These represented the fifteen statues of goddess which had once been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains from the fifteenth century B

2、.C. While its head was found among remains from the fifth century B.C. . When the fragments were reconstructed, they turned out to be New words：lmanual adj. 体力的，手工的体力的，手工的(=physical 身体的）；身体的）；n. 手册，指南手册，指南lmanual work; mental(精神的，思想的） work ; lmanual labour 体力劳动lmanual worker; manual labourer; lmanua

3、l craft（技术，手艺） 手工艺；lmanual training 手工课；ltraining manual 训练手册lcollar n. 衣领；环状物；衣领；环状物；v. 揪衣领揪衣领lwhite/blue-collar白领的；蓝领的lgolden-collar 金领的；pink-collar 粉领的（常指职业女性）lget hot under the collar 怒气冲天lEg. He got hot under the collar when he knew that they laughed at him. lsacrifice vt.牺牲，献出牺牲，献出 （to give up

4、 for good purpose）l- sacrifice ones life for the countryl- sacrifice timeleg. A fireman sacrificed his life to save the kid from the fire. sacrifice sth. for. sth. / sacrifice sth. To do sth. at/by the sacrifice of 以为代价sacrifice n.牺牲（品），献身，供品lprivilege n.好处；好处；v. 给予给予特权；特免特权；特免l（= advantage n.优势, 有利

5、条件, 利益）lsacrifice ones advantage/privilege 牺牲掉某人的好处enjoy privileges 享有特权privilege sb. from sth. 特免某人 lprivilege n.特权特权, 特别待遇；免责特权特别待遇；免责特权（= special right）l-give/grant sb. the privilege of doing sth 特许某人做某事lprivileged a.荣幸的l- We are privileged to be together with professor Smith this evening.ldustma

6、n n.清洁工清洁工garbage man; garbage collector; trash man; 清洁工；清洁工；cleaner 保洁员保洁员trashcan (AmE.) 垃圾筒；垃圾筒；dustbin (BrE.)垃圾筒垃圾筒lcorporation n.公司，社团，团体公司，社团，团体作有限公司解时，美国人多用作有限公司解时，美国人多用corporation, 英语人多用英语人多用companyfirm 公司公司 （较广泛，统称）（较广泛，统称）group 集团公司集团公司 listed company 股票上市公司股票上市公司government-owned enterpris

7、e 国有企业国有企业loveralls n.工作服工作服working clothes; sports wear 运动服；运动服；nighty 睡衣睡衣boiler（锅炉，热水器（锅炉，热水器)suit 连体工作服连体工作服lshower n.淋浴；阵雨；（一）阵，（一）批）淋浴；阵雨；（一）阵，（一）批）a shower of 一阵一阵, 大量大量 a shower of criticism / arrows be showered with 被大量给予被大量给予Eg. She will always be showered with love, affection and adoratio

8、n. 她一定她一定会沐浴在爱、亲情和赞美之中。会沐浴在爱、亲情和赞美之中。secret n.秘密秘密 adj.秘密的秘密的, 隐秘的隐秘的confidential adj.机密的机密的keep a / ones secret 保密- Its between you and me. 此事只介于你我之间。- Ill keep it to myself. 我会保守秘密的。in secret 私下里（= secretly, in private, privately） - I was told about it in secret.in the secret 知道内情 - He was in the

9、secret from the beginningmake no secret of 不隐瞒 status n.地位（= social position）statue n.雕像, 塑像 the Statue of Liberty A high / low status in society 高/低的社会地位Employment status就业状况；marital status 婚姻状况A high status businessman 有地位的商人lText 课文课文lWhy did Alf want a white-collar job?lThe double life of Alfred

10、 Bloggsdouble character 双重性格 double chin双下巴These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.lthese days “目前，当前，如今”；类似的还有：lat present，at the present time, currently, nowadays,lfor the time being 眼下 for the moment 暂时，目前lfor more money（far副词用来加强语气= much

11、）lPeople who work in offices are frequently referred to as white-collar workers for thesimple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.lrefer to.as = regard.as “把.叫作；把看作”eg. We always refer to the teacher as a gardener.for the simple reason = for 引导的原因状语从句lfor the reason that多用于正

12、式文体，l- He is refer to as a bookworm(书呆子） for the simple reason that he spares no efforts to read.l- He was send to prison for he could not pay his debts.lA collar and tie （看成一套东西）“穿着衬衣，打着领带” a knife and fork; a cup and saucer一套杯碟; a cart and horse 马车; bread and butter 生计lSuch is human nature, that a

13、 great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.lhuman nature 人性lsuch.that. （that引导同位语从句, 进一步补充说明such的基本内涵）lEg. His kindness was such that we will never forget him.= Such was his kindness that （such在句首要倒装）Such is human nature that every

14、body tries to earns more and work less.If such is the case, we need not to go there. lbe willing to do sth. 乐于做，愿意做be glad to do/ be pleased to do / be ready to doa great / good many “许多”many a + 可数名词单数 （谓语动词为单数）lThis can give rise to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who wo

15、rked asa dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.lgive rise to 导致, 引起l- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种行为会引起误解。l- The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes. 不良的环境引起了犯罪。- The governments economic policy gave rise to increased unemployment, though it is true that it pro

16、duced a favorable balance of payments in the countrys international trade.诚然，政府的经济政策对于对外贸易的收支平衡有好处，但它使得失业率上升。lead to + n. 造成，导致；His careless led to his failure.bring about 引起，造成，实现 The Second World War was brought about by Hitlers invasion of Poland.result in 引起，导致，致使l The flood resulted in a consid

17、erable reduction in production. 这次水灾造成相当大的减产。 lin the case of 就.来说, 关于, 就.而言 l- Stealing is no shame in the case of him. 偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的事。l-Poverty depresses most people; in the case of my father it was otherwise(另外的，不同的）lconcerning prep.关于, 涉及, 就.说lLet me see all the official documents concerning the

18、 sale of this land. 让我看看买卖这块土地的所有官方文件。 lin case of（副词）万一, 以防 lin case conj. 万一l- You should ensure your house in case of fire. （vt.保证; 担保, 保险）l- Take an umbrella in case of rain 带上雨伞以防下雨。l- The meeting will be put off, in case it rains. l- It may rain; youd better take an umbrella just in case. (“以防

19、万一”）in this/that case “如果这样/那样的话”- In that case, I prefer to stay on the bus.lWhen he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.lbe ashamed of “感到羞愧, 惭愧”l- Alf was ashamed of his job as a dustman.lmarry sb. 强调动作 l- He married the girl. 他娶了这个女孩。）lget married (to s

20、b.)强调过程l- Last year they got married.lbe married to sb 强调状态l-The old man has been married to his wife for 50 years.ltoo embarrassed to say 太尴尬而没有说明lTooto-One is never too old to learn. too eager / anxious / ready to do sth.“非常想做，急于做，时刻准备做”- Im just too eager to help you.-Youre too ready to find faul

21、ts with other people. 你太爱找别人茬儿了。too前有only, all, but, really修饰时，亦表示肯定。-Im only too pleased to study further abroad.-Thats only too true, Im afraid. (really true)tooto有两种否定形式，注意辨别。toonot to“很/非常不会不/一定能”not/never tooto“不太（所以）能”-He is too wise not to solve the problem.他非常聪明一定能解决问题。-It is never too late

22、to mend. 改过不嫌晚。lHe simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.lSimply 副词-用来修饰限定动词toldlEvery morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit.ldressed in a smart black suit -形容词短语表示一种状态 l- He go to work dressed in a beautiful coat. l- He left home wearing a smart black suit. lHe then chang

23、ed into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.lchanged into 换上 / change back into 换回 lBefore returning home at night. He took a shower and changed back into his suit.lBefore returning home = Before he returned homelBefore和动名词搭配, 相当于Before引导的时间状语从句。l如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句的主语l- After g

24、etting home, he had a good rest.l- Before having dinner, he finished all his homework.lAlf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept lhis secret. Alfs wife has never discovered that she marriedl a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found lanother job. He will soon be working

25、in an office.lshe never will = she will never discover the secretl在省略句式中, never要放在助动词之前l- “will you go to see her?”l- “I will never go to see her = No, I never will.lHe will be earning only half as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.lhalf as much

26、 as, half / a quarter / twice / three times + as.as. 表示倍数l- I wont marry a man who is twice as old as me.l- We got three times as many people as we expected.l- This room is about three times as large as that one.lWhat he obtained is well worth the loss of time. 他的所得是值得花时间的。lwell 副词用来加强语气, 修饰形容词worth

27、l英语中表示倍数的常用句式：英语中表示倍数的常用句式：l1. “A + 倍数倍数 + adj./adv.比较级比较级 + than B ” 表示表示“A比比B大，长多少倍大，长多少倍”l-this rope is twice longer than that one.l-The hall is five times larger than our classroom. l2. “A + 倍数倍数 + as + adj./adv.原级原级 + as B ” 表示表示“A是是B的多少倍。的多少倍。”l-Asia is four times as large as Europe.l-This TV

28、costs twice as much as that one. l3. A + 倍数倍数 + the height / size / length, etc. + of + B” 表示表示“ A是是B高度、大小、长度高度、大小、长度的多少倍。的多少倍。”l-The big box is five times the weight of the small one. lWorth, worthy, worth-whilelbe worth + n. = be worthy of + n. l-The matter is worth consideration.l(=The matter is

29、worthy of consideration.)lbe worth doing = be worthy of being donel=be worthy to be donel-The matter is worth considering.l=The matter is worthy of being considered.l=The matter is worthy to be considered. lbe worth-while to dolIt is worthwhile (for sb.) to do. Sth.lIt is worthwhile doing sth. l-It

30、is worthwhile considering/to consider the matter.l-It isnt worthwhile spending so much time on minor problems.在枝节问题上犯不上花这么多时间。lMultiple choice questions 多项选择多项选择l1. A illustrate vt.阐明, 阐述l“.a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming lwhite-collar work

31、erl2. C double lifel3. D .he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of moneylprevious adj.在前的, 早先的lrespect n.某方面 vt.尊敬, 尊重l4. B to go 可以省略lThey usually go to work wearing a collar and tie.l5. D Alfred was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.ltoo.to（不定式to表示否定）lso.t

32、hat（在that引导的结果状语从句中, 如果采用否定式，可以和too.to 互换）l- The water is too hot for us to drink. = he water is so hot that we cant drink.l6. C He simply told her that he worker of the Corporationlsimply副词（仅仅是, 再没有别的了= only, just）l无论是simply, only还是just，往往用在所修饰的主体词之前。l- I did it simply/only for the moneyl- I dont like driving. I do