非语言表达,直接引语与间接引语

1、U18 MessagesBy KittyOUTLINE1.Getting the message2.Silent communication3.Body language4.Reported speechin Chinese ancientCommunicating with your handsublind-deaf-dumbusign language 手语upoint out 指出ucode 代码uat the end Communicating with your fingersuBrialle 布莱叶uraised dots 凸起的点urepresent letter 代表性的字母u

2、punctuation mark 标点符号ustylus 铁笔 umetal or plastic sheet 铁的或塑料的纸Part A l be angry withl ask sb. to do sth.l Its all your fault.l blame sb. for sth.Part B l truth l guiltyl show respect to sb.l impolite4.Reported speechI am the king of the whole world.Simba said he was the kingof the whole world.Empre

3、ss:Im useless.Empress said she was useless.Consort Hua:Bitch is so bitch.Consort Hua said bitch was so bitch.Ruhua:Junpeng,dont be crazy about me,go home to have dinner.Ruhua let Junpeng not be crazy about her and go home to have dinner.Reported speechdirect speechDirect Speech Reported SpeechShe sa

4、id, “I like singing. ”She said, “I am waiting for a bus.”She said, “I visited Europe last year.”She said, “I have never met an American.”She said, “I will see you next week.” She said she liked singing.She said she was waiting for a bus. She said she had visited Europe the year before.She said she h

5、ad never met an American. She said she would see me the next week. Direct Speech and Reported Speech引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来， 引号引号“ ” “ ” 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句SUMMARY 直接引语是陈述句直接引语是陈述句, ,变为间接引

6、语时变为间接引语时用连词用连词that引导宾语从句引导宾语从句. .从句中的从句中的人人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语状语等相应变化等相应变化. .、人称的变化、人称的变化一一随随主主二随宾二随宾第三第三人称人称不变不变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称在变间引后人称不变称不变She said,“ I like Tennis.”She said that

7、 she liked tennis.He said to Lily,“ you must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me ,“ They want tohelp him.”She told me that they wanted tohelp him.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时

8、 过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.注注: : 直引若是客观真理直引若是客观真理, ,变为间引时变为间引时, ,时态不变时态不变. .时态变化2 2 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that

9、day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next/following month here there come, go,bring take 情态动词情态动词 can, may, must could,might,had to 直接引语是祈使句，变成间

10、接引语，直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成把动词原形变成动词不定式动词不定式，并在动词不，并在动词不定前加定前加tell, ask, order , advise等动等动词的宾语。词的宾语。注意：注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加否定句，在动词不定式前加not或或never. .SUMMARY1.1.陈述句陈述句“I dont like computers,” Sandy said to her friends.Sandy said to her friends that she didnt like computers.2.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句: :Is it easy to w

11、ork out the problem?( They asked him )They asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.3.3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him )They asked him when he harvested the wheat.4.4.祈使句祈使句Little boy, put on your coat.(They ordered )They ordered the little boy to put on his coat

12、.注意事项1) 1) 人称人称2) 2) 时态时态 3) 3) 相应的时间地点状语相应的时间地点状语4) 4) 标点符号标点符号5 5） 大小写大小写6 6） 问号改为句号问号改为句号7 7） 语序语序-疑问改陈述疑问改陈述8 8） 宾语从句由什么引出宾语从句由什么引出9) 9) 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述Exercises : 1). Betty says to Harry, I want to borrow your book.” 2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.”Betty says to Harry

13、(that) she wants to borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me?”4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any delicious food to eat?”She asked me if I agreed with her.Anne asked her mother if there was anydelicious food to eat.5) “ What are you going to do?” he asked. 6）“How do you go to school every day?” asked Mr. Zhang.He asked me what I was going to do.Mr. Zha