报刊选读课后答案Word版

1、电大英语报刊选读课程导学 一、 课程总的概况课程领域概括 这是英语教学中的一门不能或缺的课程。通过学习本课程，使学生掌握常见报刊词汇，报刊文章标题的翻译，学会看懂较简单的英语报刊文章。通过阅读英语报刊了解国际时事，了解各国的政治，历史、文化、教育、人民和国家概况等与英语学习有关的背景知识。以利学生进一步巩固和提高英语学习，培养学生英语阅读的能力。 目标引导    本课程的教学目的是通过学生自主学习及教师的导学和助学（包括面授辅导），使学生掌握常见报刊词汇，报刊文章标题的翻译，学会看懂较简单的英语报刊文章。通过阅读英语报刊了解国际时事，了解各国的政治，历史

2、、文化、教育、人民和国家概况等与英语学习有关的背景知识。进一步巩固和提高学生英语阅读理解和简单翻译的能力。 二、 使用学习资源1  根据主教材学习 1本课程采用的文字主教材为美英报刊文章阅读（精选本第二版），及上海电视大学外语系编辑的报刊活页。本课程教学安排为一学期。课内学时为72，共4学分，（每周4学时）。美英报刊文章阅读共30课，选其中10为必学内容，其余内容供学生自学，10课必学内容为Lessons1,3,4,8,10,13,14,19,24,26。以上10课用10周学完。每周一课。2本教材课文并非按语言难易循序渐进，而是按内容编写，学生自学时有一定难度。学生学习时重

3、点是根据教师的导学，掌握一定的英语报刊常见词汇，基本会看懂报刊文章的大意；通过翻译报刊标题了解报刊大致内容；通过阅读英语报刊文章了解国际时事、各国的历史、文化、风俗、习惯，掌握相关的信息。因此阅读和理解是重点。教师助学时应着重帮助学生掌握重点，分析讲解难点，而语法分析、语言点的掌握不作要求。建议学生在课后以练习为线索，多看看英语报刊文章。考前复习也是以练习，常见词汇和推荐的英语报刊文章为主。 3 本课程实际是泛读快速阅读训练的混合型课程。泛读是一门进行大量阅读实践的课程，应该突出 "泛"的特点。本课程培养的是阅读能力，注重的是面的理解，整体的理解，而不停留于那些对

4、理解无关紧要的细节上。4 学生应按教学计划完成各阶段的阅读任务。在独立进行阅读时，学生应努力根据上、下文及背景知识解决所遇到的问题或难点，尽可能少查词典，如需要查词典时，也应尽可能使用英英词典。 5 阅读速度训练应按循序渐进的原则安排阅读难度与阅读量，逐步进行强化式训练。 训练时应注重介绍一些常见的技巧，如浏览、略读、复读等。在平时教学过程中，也会向学生推荐一些英文报刊上难度适当的文章，供学生阅读。2 根据辅教材学习报刊活页共10课，用5周学完。余下3周用于期中考试及期末总复习。3. 其它媒体教材多读英文报纸，如CHINA DAILY， SHANGHAI STAR等4. 进

5、行网上学习进入上海电大在线网址: 进入网上课堂进入上海大同工作站 网址: 进入网上课堂三、 预习、听课、复习英语报刊选读词汇 Lesson Onecable car 缆车 rake in 赚（钱） the lions share 最大（或最好的）一份 crass commercialism 唯利是图 ethnic flavor 民族风格；民族特色 carrying capacity 容纳量 the ancient Buddhist grottoes 古代佛教徒的洞室 silk road 丝绸之路 Mogao caves 莫高窟 UNESCO 联合国教科文组织cultural wonders文化

6、奇迹（奇观） cash cow摇钱树 tourist boom旅游迅猛发展 Lesson ThreeClique派系 start-up起步；创业 talk-show 脱口秀 wireless-applications company移动通讯公司 Internet dating网上约会交友 fly high野心勃勃multinational跨国公司 management expertise管理专业知识 consulting firm咨询公司 debt specialist债券交易专家 Lesson Fouranimatedly 活跃地 virtual classroom虚拟教室 log in(在

7、网络上）连接 information-based economy基于信息的经济 face-to-face instruction面授课 bricks-and-mortar institution(砖墙上爬满常青藤的学校）传统的学校 distance-ed provider提供远程教育的学院 coursework via teleconferencing通过双向电视进行教学的课件 Lesson EightAlleged提出而尚未证实的 Blunder愚蠢的错误；谬误 Espionage间谍行为 Warhead弹头 the US District Court联邦地方或地区法院 Attorney G

8、eneral（美）司法部长；（英）总检察长 FBI director联邦调查局局长 plea offer有条件认罪建议 Justice Department司法部 solitary confinement单独拘禁 throw the book at sb.尽量用重罪处罚某人 lie detector测谎仪decision-maker 决策者 the Judiciary Committee（美国国会参议院常设）司法委员会 Lesson TenComplacency沾沾自喜；自满情绪 Confiscate没收；充公 juvenile offender少年犯 notorious臭名昭著的 reces

9、sion经济衰退 robust体格健壮的 brutality野蛮暴力行为 apathy麻木不仁 drug traffic毒品买卖 tough circumstances不幸的境遇；恶劣的环境 database资料库；数据库 NCNB北卡罗来纳国家银行 the National Football League全国橄榄球协会 hot city很好的；成功的；经济增长迅速的 hit home使人明白；示范 bond issue债券发行 flashier program华而不实的项目 grass-roots leader基层领导人 cash register现金出纳机 drug ring贩毒团伙 na

10、rcotics squad缉毒队 narcotics毒品 drug kingpin大毒贩；毒枭criminal-justice刑事审判 defining moment开先河之事 head Start抢步教育计划 Lesson Thirteenclient顾客；客户 counsel to the President总统顾问 maneuver花招；策略 offstage幕后的（地）；不公开的（地） petition请愿 roster花名册；登记表 sinister恶意的；阴险的 Lobbyists院外活动分子 shady operator幕后院外活动分子 regulatory agency管制机构

11、 retainer定金 shady reputation不诚实的坏名声；声名狼藉的 a buys market买方市场 would-be未来的 veto否决 a two-way street双行道；互利互惠 Capitol国会山 House Speaker众议院议长 Majority (Minority) Leader多数（少数）党领袖 Majority (Minority) Whip多数（少数）党督导 Watergate水门事件 Lesson Fourteendonate捐赠 indebt欠债；欠钱 outlaw宣布为非法 modest means中等收入 the lower chamber

12、下院 public office公职 office holder公务员；官吏 Supreme Court最高法院 PAC (Political Action Committee)政治行动委员会 the first-term lawmaker首次当选的众议员 ex-congressman前国会议员 Lesson Nineteenshareholder value股东利益 IPO首次公开发行的股票 on a short-term basis短/近期内 provision规定；条款 state-of-the-art最先进的；一流的；顶尖的 make presentation发言；讲话 a draft

13、 agreement草签的协议 joint venture合资 take a “can-do” attitude愿意尽各种努力并期待它能起作用 business culture商务文化 academic title职称 Lesson Twenty-fourentrepreneur企业家 legislator立法者 lift-off发射 marketeer市场主义者 sustainable可持续性的 Silicon Valley硅谷 classified ad分类广告 spicy film gossip关于电影演员等的骇人听闻的消息或评论 ongoing economic revival镇在进行

14、中的经济复苏 dotcom age互联网时代 top degree博士学位 Asiaweek rankings亚洲周刊排行榜 Production line生产线 new breed新一代 manufacturing productivity制造业生产力 think-tank思想库 New-generation free marketeer新一代的自由市场经济主义者 cross swords争吵 old-guard保守派 face-off对峙；争端 UN Development Fund联合国发展基金组织 launch pad发射台 Lesson Twenty-sixstolen genera

15、tion被偷偷劫走的一代 foster home寄养家庭 a ward of the state国家受监护人的身份 the Jigsaw puzzle七巧板；拼图游戏 the Aboriginal heritage土著人的遗产 the Order of Australia澳大利亚勋章 venture capital风险投资资金 security capital安全投资资本 the professions各同业或同行 the Aboriginal Dreamtime（澳大利亚土著神话中的）黄金时代racial discrimination种族歧视 cultural genocide 种族文化的消

16、灭 the disadvantaged group 弱势群体 四、 完成作业记分作业：以书后的练习为主，包括补充活页讲义中的练习。学生应交四次作业。两次是课本上的，两次是补充讲义中的相关练习（练习在网上）。五、 碰到困难电话答疑 电话：63086474E-mail 答疑 电子邮件地址：hilda_liBBS网上答疑 进入大同工作站BBS讨论专区学习小组讨论面对面答疑六、 复习考试1.        期中考试在第十到第十一周进行。2.        

17、; 期末考试包括课本内和课本外两部分。 3.        该门课的总分的构成包括期末考试和平时成绩两部分。期末考试占80%,平时成绩为20%。形成性考核的具体方法是：20分 = 记分作业（8分）+ 期中测验（6分） + 课堂表现（6分）。4. 本学期考试形式为笔试形式。 学生将答案做在指定的答题纸上。考试题型如下：I 报刊常见词汇，词语或缩略语英译汉。（30%。30个，每个1%）II 英文报刊标题英译汉。（20%。10个，每个2%）III阅读理解（5）（）   课文中的文章阅读并回答问题（）（

18、）   补充阅读文选英文报刊文章选读中选的阅读理解题或从最新的英文报刊中选的材料的阅读与理解（）以上三个大题中，第大题及第III大题中的（），（）主要考查学生对所学的课本知识掌握情况；第II大题是考查学生的阅读能力和技巧及所学的知识的运用能力，以避免死记硬背。 七、 自主学习方法提示1. 学生学习本课程的基本要求 阅读范围：题材广泛，体裁多样化。题材包括各类知名美，英报刊上的各种文章，涉及 到 时事、政治经济、文化、科技、历史地理、等方面。阅读难度由易到难。 阅读速度：根据学生对文章题材背景的预先熟悉程度而有所不同，但是一般来说，阅读速度从每分

19、钟约50-60个词提高到70-80个词左右。 理解能力：学会运用归纳总结、推理演绎的方法，抓主要词语、主要段落和中心句的本领，准确掌握读物的中心思想、情节梗概。并不强求学生理解所有的细节。2.为了保证课堂教学时间的最大限度的使用，课本中其它内容在课堂上不作详细讲解，主要由学生在课余时间自学。以看懂报刊文章大意，能够回答相关的问答题为主。 3.  教师在教学过程中以“导学”和“助学”为主。教会学生如何去看懂报刊文章的标题和文章大意。鼓励学生充分地阅读各类英，美报刊文章，文章题材也尽可能广泛。所以网上取材似乎是一个切实可行的方法。同时，上海电大在网上会适时地放上一些最近的时事性

20、文章供同学们阅读。以加强学生的阅读能力。 4. 本课程涉及的学生较多，各个不同班级的学生入学时的英语基础，学习动机，年龄，所学专业等差异巨大，所以老师应根据所教学生的具体情况，因地制宜地调节好自己的教学操作。既要保证上课有充分的内容，又要留给学生充分的自学机会，督促学生在教师的概括性指导下尽力发挥自我潜能完成该门课程的学习。老师在讲课时以讲解难点为主，同时教会学生阅读英美报刊文章的一些必要的阅读技巧和方法，教会他们如何看懂报刊标题。八、 本课程重点难点提示英语报刊选读书本上（十课课文后的练习答案）1. What activities are harming ancient Buddhist g

21、rottoes? Too many tourists and their breathing are harming them.2. Who turned the caves into the painted shrines? It was the travelers along the old silk road.3. Are murals in good shape.No, they are not in good shape. Many of them are already sagging or peeling from walls, and their delicate beauty

22、 is fading away. Others have deteriorated beyond repair efforts.4. Why is it difficult for the authorities to prevent them from being destroyed? Money is at the root of the problem. China is a poor nation. Local governments have little money left over for cultural conservation.5. Does the Chinese go

23、vernment value the preservation of those historical and cultural sites? Yes, it does. For instance, it has given award to the Getty Conservation Institute for its contributions to the preservation of them at Dunhuang.6. Why did Mr. Neville Agnew say “ tourism and conservation are good partners”? If

24、you can make a good connection, they are. In other words, if you can allocate part of the money earned from tourism to conservation, and dont turn to tourism as a cash cow, they will be good partners.Lesson Three1. Why did some of the HBS grads choose to come back to China although they had received

25、 lucrative offers from Americas top companies? Not only has China changed dramatically since most of them left but also the nation can offer more personal freedoms and economic opportunities now than ever before.2. What profession do they usually like to go in for? Most of them choose e-commerce3. W

26、hy did most of them choose to take in IT industry? Because IT is the leading industry now.4. Why did some of them decide to stay in the US while some chose to come back? They wanted to gain experience in the States before they came back.5. What do you think is the biggest obstacle preventing the eli

27、te from coming back home? It is the complicated relationships and uncertainty of our human resource management system.6. What does the title of this article “Home At Last” mean ? It means some of the HBS elite have made their final decision to return to China to serve their country.Lesson Four1. Why

28、 are virtual institutions thought of as best graduate schools? Because they are the best graduate schools for those who have their career and family. When they pursue advanced degrees, they dont have to step onto a university campus.2. Why is the huge upsurge of interest in remote learning? It is ve

29、ry convenient for anyone to learn at anytime of anyplace. Therefore it is the best way for working adults to keep on learning.3. Will the distance education substitute the traditional education? Explain. No, it wont. These two modes of instruction are equivalent and complementary as far as student l

30、earning is concerned.4. Whats the advantage of remote learning? A large number of people who have difficulty in suspending their career and family can pursue advanced degrees without stepping onto a university campus or moving and commuting to get their degrees.5. Whats the opposite idea about remot

31、e learning? Someone argues theres a large gap betewwn distance education and traditional education, and education requires a relationship between people because it is a process of identity formation, validation, encouragement, emulation and inspiration. This only happens face to face. In other words

32、, they value face-to-face instruction and relationship. 6. What are the factors you should consider before you choose a distant education school? They are the accreditation, program history, cost, academic field, residency, and technology.Lesson Eight1. Who are the top decision-makers in the case? T

33、hey are attorney general Janet Reno, FBI Director Louis Freeh, and Energy Secretary Bill Richardson. 2. What are the factors which have caused government officials to accuse Mr. Lee of spying? Politics caused them to do so. Some politicians such as Mr. Cox dont want to see Sino-American relations im

34、proved, and have shown much discrimination against Chinese in American security organizations, so they turned up the heat on the authorities.3. Why was Mr. Lee placed in solitary confinement? Was it appropriate for the authorities to do so? a. the authorities wanted to compel him to make a full conf

35、ession b. it was not proper to do so because he made only minor security violations.4. Did the justice and Energy officials in question agree with what Judge Parker said? No, they didnt agree.5. Do you think Justice Department official have thrown the book at Dr. Lee? Yes, they have used his minor s

36、ecurity violation as accusation against Lee.6. Who is to blame in the case? Christopher Cox is the first to blame because he and his committee have created the atmosphere of Chinese espionage, and put pressure on the officials on the case. The top decision-makers in the case and the mass media espec

37、ially The New York Times, are the second to blame. Lesson Ten1. What does the title of this article “Big Crimes, Small Cities” mean? It means that big crimes which were usually associated with big cities are now committed in smaller cities.2. Why do the people show apathy towards people being attack

38、ed by criminals? They are afraid of being killed by the assailants. From the concept of the world outlook, they are very selfish.3. Why are teenagers more apt to use deadly force over small matters? They lack necessary family and school education on the one hand, and on the other, their needs are no

39、t met.4. What does it mean that Charlotte risked becoming a “fortress city?” The city frightened with frequent violence is gong to protect itself with all necessary defensive measures as if the enemy were coming to attack it. In other words, when the crime rates are going up people in the city are a

40、t a loss, and overreact to that.5. Does, the crime wave have something to do with drug, guns, and the economic recession? State the reason. Yes, it does. When U.S is undergoing economic recession, the poor lead a poorer life, they feel disappointed, and try to do away with their worries by taking dr

41、ugs. The more disappointed they feel. And consequently, there are more violent crimes.Lesson Thirteen1. Who are lobbyists usually hired by? What for?a. They are usually hired by corporations, labor unions, individuals and other special interests.b. They try to work on the actions of the Administrati

42、on and lawmaking bodies.2. What is the relationship between lobbyists and legislators? They are closely associated with each other for their separate advantages.3. Why do some of the former senior officials choose lobbying as their profession? Because they can make use of their good connections in g

43、overnment and Congress on the one hand, and on the other, they can make big money by lobbying for special interest groups and individuals.4. How do lobbyists earn their pay? How effective are they? a. Their clients pay them for their services.b. Most of them are very effective in persuading lawmaker

44、s to act in their way.Lesson Fourteen1. Why has the House of Representatives been changing into a rich mans club or a House of Lords?Because the House of Representatives is largely composed of wealthy men, and they get elected not on their merit, but on their money.2. In what way did the Court decis

45、ion favor the wealthy candidates? The Court decision outlawed limits on the amount that a candidate could give to his own campaign. At the same time it upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.3. Are women far behind men in getting Congressional offices? Please give an example for your answ

46、er. Yes. Take the Congressional election in 1984 for example, only two women got elected.4. What role do political action committees play in a campaign for public office? They play a very important role to help officeholders to get re-elected with campaign contributions5. According to the authors of

47、 the study, on what basis should the political race for public office be placed? Do you think it possible for Congress to change the campaign system in the context of the present American political system?a. Some form of public financing should be taken. Competition for public office should be based

48、 more on merit than money.b. I dont think it possible for Congress to change the current campaign system.Lesson Nineteen1. In Sergey Franks view., what is business communication like in the US? Business talks in the US are pleasant and easy-going, but at the same time they are ruthlessly focused.2.

49、How do you understand Sergey Franks saying that “ communication is a natural talent of Americans ”? American negotiating partners tend do begin negotiation with small talk and smiling, which makes it casual and full of sense of humor. As for giving a talk in the US, the speaker often appears in a re

50、laxed manner with the application of plenty of jokes to attract or capture the audiences attention.3. What has more influence on business communication in US than anywhere else? The attitude “time is money” has more influence on business talks in US than it does anywhere else.4. Make a brief account

51、 of a typical business communication or negotiation in US. (Or: what is the US negotiation style? Cite examples to prove. Or: summarize the major characteristics of business communication in US and support each with an example)a. Tend to begin with neutral warm-up. E.g. small talk, smiling.b. Tend t

52、o do business in a very pragmatic way. E.G. usually come to the point quickly/immediately after the warm-upc. Informality is the rule. E.g. sandwiches and drinks in plastic or boxes are served during conferences; communicating on the first-name basis; adopting the most comfortable seating position 5

53、. Why have so many joint ventures and alliances between US and Asian companies failed to meet expectations? Mainly such failures are due to differences in negotiating styles between US and Asian companies. For instance, the Asian negotiating approach tends to be long-term in nature, whereas the US n

54、egotiators tend to want the result(s) fast, i. e. they want to secure profitability on a short-term basis and achieve a quick return on investment.6. What suggestion will you give to people doing business in the US? (Or: what have you benefited from this text?) The answer to this question should be

55、open (for example, do business in a pragmatic manner; smile while talking; try to be informal; communicate on the first name basis).Lesson Twenty-four1. Which specific points are highlighted by the author of this text when describing the new India? These are the points highlighted by the writer:

56、83; Indias high and probably sustainable growth rate (higher than Chinas)· Indias great achievements in software development· Indias great achievements in creative arts (which is not discussed in this text)· Indias unique core institutions-long established and independent of politics· Indias firm adherence to democracy2. What has kicked Indias pace up a gear? And what has made it possible? a. It is Indias ongoing economic revival that has kicked its pace up a gearb. India has many