华中师范大学读写译教程1答案

1、1. beyond2. overwhelming3. suffers4. not5. uncontrollable6. detailed7. _to8. bettering9. eyesUnit OneText AII. Vocabulary A.1. were bulging with 2. multitude 3. crave 4. indulge in5. abandon themselves 6. fastidious 7. mused on 8. soothing B.1. faculty 2. besiege 3. stick to 4. laborious 5. profusio

2、n6. file out7. judicious 8. decipher 9.poignant 10. bydegreesIII. Grammar & Structure A.In Naturalist fictionpeople are often caught withinforces of nature or society that are within their understanding or control.For instance, the hero of JackLondon s To Build a Fire is crushed by the overwhelm for

3、ce of the Arctic cold. Tim Haskins, a farmer in Hamlin Garland s “Under the Lion s Paw,“ is suffered beneath an economic force that he is not equipped to fight. InThe Red Badge ofCourage Henry Fleming, the young soldier, usually must act under the shadow of larger forces that he canA know orundersta

4、nd; in Theodore Dreiser s novels the characters actions are determined by controllable social and physical factors.Naturalist writing uses a facts-only approach, a style made of detail observation of the “truth “ of human experiences. Romantic illusions, Sentiments, and idealisticsolutions A problem

5、s are all absent from Naturalistic writing. Poets as well as novelists participated in this movement: Edwin Arlington Robinson, for example, showed his characters in the harsh light of day, unromanticized, often unhappy and unfulfilled.Although Naturalist literature described the world with sometime

6、s brutal Realism, it sometimes also aimed at better the world through social reform. For example, Frank Norris and Hamlin Garland, in portraying the plight of the western and mid-western farmer, hoped to bring a desperate situation to the eye-of the American public and so to improve it. This combina

7、tion of grim reality and desire for improve is typical10. improvementof America as it moved into the twentieth century.B.1.B2. D6.A7. C3. A4. C5. B8. D9. B10. AIV TranslationMrs. Sommersfound herselfthe unexpected possessor of fifteendollars.For days,she was totally occupied with the question of inv

8、estment until she finally cameupwith a judicious plan to spend the money: she intended to buy some clothingfor herchildren. However, on her shopping day, she felt tiredand faint, and forgot to havelunch. When she sat down, trying to gather strength and courage, she suddenly encountered a pair of soo

9、thing stockings, glistening and gliding serpent-likethrough her fingers. She gave in to the temptation to buy one and got changed immediately. After that, she indulged herself in spending all the money on other luxrious items. Whenshe was sitting in the cable car to her home, she had a strong wish t

10、hat the car would never stop, but go on and on with her forever.Text BKey to ExercisesComprehension & AppreciationA.1. B. 2. C. 3. A. 4. D. 5. B. 6. A.B.1. 天气晴朗时， 总有一位画家带着他的画架呆在那儿。 画家们喜欢棕榈树生长的样子以及旅馆的颜色。这些旅馆都面向花园和大海。2. 窗外的正下方，一只猫卷曲在一张正滴着水的绿色桌子下。她正尽力使身子缩紧，这样水就不会滴到身上。3. 女仆为她举着伞，她沿着碎石路走到了他们房间的窗子下。桌子还在那儿

11、，被雨水冲刷得格外绿，但是猫却不见了。4. 乔治在床上移了移位置。从她开始说话起，他的眼睛就没有离开过她。5. 门口站着女仆。她抱着一只玳瑁色的大猫。这只猫被她紧紧地搂在怀里并来回摇动着。Unit 2Text AII. VocabularyA.1. annual2. opponents3. distinctions4.ferociously5. revered6. overlooked7. extra8. celebrityB.1.constructive2. transformation3. combat 4. status6.severelyfalling apart7. effectiv

12、e8. discouraged 9.5.cautious10.wiped outIII. Grammar & Structure A.Sports have many affinities with art. For example, figure skating, drum corps, skateboarding, artistic gymnastics, dancesport , and T ai chi can be considered artisticspectacle.Similarly, there are other activities that have elements

13、 of sport and art in its execution, such as bodybuilding, free running, martial arts, professional wrestling, performance art, yoga, dressage,and culinaryarts.Perhapsthe best exampleisbull-fighting, which inSpainreportsin the arts pagesofnewspapers.All sports involve some physical and mental activit

14、ies A are pursued for less-tha-n simply utilitarian reasons. For instance, running, when doing as a sport, occurs for reasons beyond simply moving from one place to another. Value is gained from this activity when it is conducted simply on its own sake. This is similar to the concept of aesthetic va

15、lue, which is seeing something over and above the strictly functional value coming from an objector- normal use. For instance, an aesthetical pleasing car is one which doesn t just get from A to B, but which impresses1. spectacles2. their3. is reported4. that5. more6. done7. -for8. object s9.aesthet

16、icallywith its grace, poise, and charisma. In the same way, a sporting performance such as jumping doesn t just impress as being an effective way avoiding obstacles. It impresses because of the10. to avoidability, skill,andstyle that is demonstratedin itsperformance.ofavoidin3. C4.D8. B9.D5. BB.1.B2

17、. A6.A7. CIV. Translation10. AMichael Jordan, known as “Air Jordan ” , is one of the greatest athletes of the 20th century. As a basketball player, his athletic genius was truly appreciated when he was chosen to play for the Chicago Bulls. Michael led the Bulls to four World Championships in NBAhist

18、ory, and he had been named the league s MVPfor four times. Due to his talent for basketball, Michael won great popularity of sport star in media markets, and frequently appeared in the silver screen, sport magazines, broadcasting and advertising. He had become one of the most high profile celebritie

19、s. However, Michael never took his talent for granted. He displayed an amazing capacity to improve himself through practice. Michael Jordan s real legacy is that he showed that true greatness comes from continuous pursuit.Text BComprehension & Appreciation A.1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C B.1 .姚

20、明在2002-2003 NBAW季加入了休斯敦火箭队。而在此之前他就以在上海鲨鱼队打球 时盖帽凶狠， 篮板球突出以及得分能力强的特点征服了海外球迷。 同时他在鲨鱼队打球 时所表现出来的令人惊叹的能力也为他在中国国家篮球队获得了一席之地。2 .姚明在球迷中的号召力为他赢得了足够的选票。他获得了今年NBA全明星赛西部明星队首发中锋的席位。这次他是在击败了强大的奥尼尔后而获得这个令人羡慕的殊荣的。3 .自从以去年选秀状元的身份进入NBA以来，姚明已经打消了许多关于他作为职业篮球运动员的技术能力的猜疑。4 . 中国篮球队员在训练时要求整体打球，而不是单打独斗。实际上，在最初的几个赛季里 中国篮球联赛并

21、没有球员个人的技术统计数据。5 . 虽然在这些广告中姚明的台词很少，这是因为他还在努力掌握英语，但他在广告中的魅 力足以使这些广告过目难忘。WritingSample for Writing Practice1. A man should be judged not by his words but by hisdeeds.2. The Spring Festival brings children care-free happiness and grants their parents refreshing leisure.3. Tomknew that David didn t like

22、to go there with him.4. Professor Smith is a learned , warm-hearted and helpful man.5. Helen bought a book yesterday and lost it this morning.6. The young man is honest, hard-working and reliable .7. Those who want to join the chorus should sign their names on this sheetof paper.8. After studying Le

23、sson Ten, we were given the mid-term test.9. In this war, many parents lost their sons, many wives lost their husbands, and many children lost their fathers. Thousands of promising young men missed their best years for schooling.was deeply impressed by her10. At the age of three,I became motherless

24、.11. Professor Eric met Betty at a party andUnit 3Text AII. VocabularyA.1. borrowings2. exuberance3.isflexible4.instrument5. diminishing6. was bound to7.accumulates8.dominantB.1.bound to2.expansion3. inclined to 4.accumulate5.conquest6.stabilization7. preserve8. reduce9. ingratiate10.dominantIII. Gr

25、ammar & StructureA.Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and acceptable by a majority of the speakers of 1. accepted a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality.As such, these words and expressions are well define and listed2. definedin standard d

26、ictionaries. Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speaker 3. speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations. Almost allidiomatic expressions are colloquial language

27、. Slang, however,4. understoodrefers to words and expressions understand by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority.Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standarddictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and 5. areslang is

28、-more common in speech than in writing.6. intoColloquial speech often passes A standard speech. Someslang also passes standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoymomentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but neverthelessretains

29、them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describing_ familiarobjects andevents. It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary to the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introduct

30、ion and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.Finally, it is worth to note that the termsastandard ”7. describe8. for9. noting10. beacolloquial and sla

31、ng“ exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakersof any language willB.1.A2. B6.B7. A3. C8. D4. A9. A5. A10. DA aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use

32、all three types of expressions.IV. TranslationSince the Normans conquered England, significant and enormous changes have taken place in the English language. The Normans were speaking a form of French by 1066.After their conquest of England, Norman French was instituted as the dominant language the

33、language of the upper classes, of law, of government, and of commerce. Nevertheless, the masses of England continued speaking Anglo-Saxon. By about three hundred years after the Norman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon had re-established itself as the language of the upper classes, asEnglish . With the passage

34、of timeand changes of society, English vocabulary,including borrowings, is sharplyexpanding. Increasing use of spoken expressions can be found in written American English; and even the grammatical patterns regarded as erroneous in the past have been acceptable now. English is always changing and evo

35、lving and will adapt and endure.Text BComprehension & AppreciationA.1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. AB.1. 在现代的纽约市，一座新塔，联合国大楼光彩夺目，高耸入云。然而，联合国的夙愿以及全世界各人民的愿望却无法得以实现，这源于我们当代的巴别塔：全世界现在大约有三千多种语言，这还不包括那些阻碍同一土地上的民族进行交流的各类方言。2. 采用共同语言的主要障碍之一就是，甚至在可选择的语言上都存有混乱。一些简化语言竞相争夺这一席之地，它们各自的支持者以政治家的热情奋战抗击。3. 只有一种国际语言开始被人们使

36、用，且成为联合国的工作语言，全世界的孩子都把它作为第二语言学习的时候， 我们才可能消除目前已有的根据旅行时间来界定的这个 “世界”与我们向往的以理解与合作来界定的世界之间的障碍。4. 因为，我认定，如果不消除这一障碍，实现国际和谐只是一种奢望。我个人已经把这个建议付诸于实践了。5. 尽自己所能，为孩子们实现一个世界一种语言的目标，是所有美国人的责任。WritingSample for Writing Practice1. She can influence the outcome.2. Nothing may come of these preparations.3. We must take

37、 a stand on this pressing issue.4. Imagine trying to learn the rules of chess.5. The first two paragraphs create suspense.6. Miss Moody s poverty also helped form her character.7. The storm clouds suggest the danger that children sometimes ignore.8. President Clinton remained unconvinced that the Ru

38、ssians intended to disarm their nuclear weapons.9. True, but you do not want your essay filled with words that are so unimportant that they can be deleted without any loss of meaning. And readers do not appreciate having to make their way through all of those unnecessary words.10. Baseball, one of o

39、ur oldest and most popular outdoor summer sports, has a rhythm that alternates between players just waiting passively and explosive action as the batter hits a pitched ball to players in the field.Text AII. VocabularyA.1. demolish5. distillB.1. akin to2. bashful6. dictator2. seize uponUnit 43. deplo

40、rable4. stumble7. plagiarize8. intractable3. racked4. skeptical of5.accused of 6. subscribe to7. yearn8. save the day9.warp10. ExploitsIII. Grammar & StructureA.Greg Mortenson is a formal mountain climber, best-selling1. formerauthor, humanitarian, and philanthropist. His non-profit organization, th

41、e Central Asia Institute (CAI), is dedicated topromoting education,specially for girls, in remote parts of 2. _Pakistan and Afghanistan, and according to its web site, has especially established more than 140 schools there . Mortenson s book, Three Cupsof Tea, has sold more than four millions- copie

42、s and is requiredreading for U.S. servicemen binding for Afghanistan. But last3. millionfall, we began investigating complaints from former donors, boardmembers, staffers, and charity watchdogs A Mortenson and the way 4. bound he is running his non-profit organization. And we found there are serious

43、 questions about how much millions of dollars have been5. about6. /7.spent, whether Mortenson is personal benefiting, and whether some of the most dramatic and inspiring stories in his books are evenwhich personallytrue. Greg Mortenson s books have made him a publishing phenomenon and sought-after s

44、peaker on the lecture circuit,he has attained a cult-likehe brings an inspirationalstatus. And everywhere Mortenson goes, message built around a story that formsthe cornerstone of Three Cups of Tea and his various ventures 8. wherehow, in 1993, he tried and failed to reach the summit of K2, the worl

45、d s second toll-mountain, to honor his dead sister, how he9. tallest10. from5. C10. Agot lost and separated of his party on the descent and stumbled into a tiny village called Korphe.B.1.A2. B3. C4.C6.D7.A8.B9.CIV. TranslationA bombshell 60 Minutes report has left Mortenson s Three Cups of Tea memoi

46、r - which earned him millions and made him a humanitarian folk hero - in tatters. The hero in Hampton Sides went to pieces and his faith was shattered. After recalling his first moment with Mortenson, Hampton analyzed Americans longing for heroesand pointed out that heroes are not perfect at all, an

47、d thus we should accept their flaws.Text BComprehension & AppreciationA.1. B. 2. C. 3. A. 4. D. 5. B. 6. A.B.1 .我们知道宗教的好处大致可以体现在四个方面：社会支持，精神支持，目的和意义感， 避免冒险和紧张的行为。2 .虽然这样并不能奇迹般地减轻人们的痛苦，但是这种做法确实有助于人们培养一种很强的同情心，同情心和幸福感紧紧相连。3 .对对任何人来说，幸福的感觉都不是永远的，但是，我现在觉得更平静更平和，”她说。“我确定自己对生活更加满意。”4 .遵循某种信仰框架的无神论者和不可知论者，

48、这种信仰无论是世俗的人文精神还是纯粹的科学精神，可以受益于类似从宗教中获得的某种东西。5 .像所有的基于调查的研究一样，研究信仰和幸福取决于参与者的坦率。一些研究者质疑参与者会不会因为太虔诚而不坦白。Unit 5Text AII. VocabularyA.1. identical5. driftedB.1. Given that5. promotion9. features2. surpassed6. coincide2. poses6. ambiguities10. in the case of3. intimidate7. disrupt3. encircle7. mounted4. as

49、cribe8. overt4. documents8. thought-provoking1. by2. _in3. was4. the5. strengthenedIII. Grammar & Structure A.More people die of tuberculosis（结核病）than of any otherdisease caused from a single agent. This has probably been the case for quite a while.Duringthe early stages of theindustrial revolution,

50、 perhaps one for every seven deaths in Europe s crowded cities were caused by the disease. From then on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble going into decline. With occasional breaking of war,A rates of death and infection in Europe and America dropped steadily through

51、 the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics weakened the trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be exported to6.withdrewpoor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.They were wrong. In the mid-1980s the frequency of infection

52、s and deaths started to pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis had vanished, it came back; in many places where they had never been away, it grew worse.7.8.itestimatesThe World Health Organization estimate that billionpeople (a third of the earths population)suffer from9.kepttuberculosis.

53、 Even the infectionrate was falling,populationgrowth keep the number of clinicalcases more orlessconstant10. nearlyat 8 million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, near all of them in poor countries.B.1.2. D3. A4.5. C6.7. D8. C9.10. BIV.TranslationBy 1980, Nike had attaineda 50% marketsha

54、re inthe U.S.athletic shoe market.chosen by Advertising Age as one ofNike s first national television commercials ran in October 1982, during the broadcast of the New York Marathon. The ad was created by the advertising agency Wieden & Kennedy, which has remained Nike s prima ry ad agency. The famou

55、s sloganJust Do It for a 1988 Nike ad campaign was the top five ad slogans of the 20th century. With the ad campaign, Nike expanded its product line to encompass many sports and regions throughout the world.Text BComprehension & AppreciationA.1.2. C3. B4. D5. C6. AB.1.2.3.为了促销产品，广告商通常会强调性感及迷人身材的重要性，

56、使消费者过分注重自身形象。经常接触这类以女性为对象的广告会使女性更关注自己的身材，的一种衡量手段。许多健康专家也表示担心： 女性中普遍存在着对身材的错误认识,但研究人员关心的是这会并把身材作为自身价值这种对身材的错误观念也许是经常同广告中倡导的纤细身材相比而形成的。4.研究还发现，过分节食来获得理想的身材可能是诱发厌食症的一个重要原因。5.尽管患有厌食症的绝大多数是女孩，但是专家相信男孩中患有厌食症的数量在不断上 升。许多的病例没有报告出来，因为男性不愿承认自己患有任何在女性中高发的疾病。Unit 6Text AII. VocabularyA.1. pledge2. split3. shieldinheriting 5. formulated 6. endeavor 7. Bonds B. 1. undo 2. reject3. endeavorup 6. renewal 7. eradicate 8. committed4.9.4.end up8. is greatly at oddsshiel