建筑专业词汇《中英文对照》

1、精品资料推荐建筑专业词汇中英文对照建筑专业词汇建设,建筑,修建to build, to construct建筑学 architecture修筑 ,建筑物 building房子 house摩天大楼skyscraper公寓楼block of flats ( 美作 :apartment block)纪念碑monument宫殿palace庙宇temple皇宫 ,教堂 basilica大教堂cathedral教堂church塔 ,塔楼tower十层办公大楼ten-storey office block柱 column柱列 colonnade拱 arch市政town planning ( 美作 :city

2、 planning)营建许可证,建筑开工许可证building permission绿地greenbelt建筑物的三面图elevation设计图plan比例尺scale预制 to prefabricate挖土,掘土excavation基 foundations, base, subgrade打地基 to lay the foundations砌好的砖列course of bricks脚手架scaffold, scaffolding质量合格证书certification of fitness原材料raw material底板bottom plate垫层cushion侧壁sidewall中心线ce

3、nter line条形基础stripfooting附件accessories型钢profile steel钢板steel plate熔渣slag飞溅welding spatter定位焊tacking引弧generating of arc熄弧quenching of arc焊道welding bead坡口beveled edges外观检查visual inspection重皮double-skin水平方向弧度radian in horizontal direction成型molding直线度straightnessaccuracy焊缝角变形welding line angular distort

4、ion水平度levelness铅垂度verticality翘曲变形buckling deformation角尺 angle square对接焊缝butt weld母材parent metal法兰密封面flange sealing surface夹层interlayer表面锈蚀浓度surface corrosion concentration挠曲变 bending deformation超声波探伤ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination压力容器pressure vessel预制下料prefabrication baiting排版直径set-type d

5、iameter焊缝 welding line中幅板center plate测量方法measuring method基准点datum mark跳焊 skip welding允许偏差allowable variation补强板 stiffening plate开孔tapping对接接头banjo fixing butt jointing角钢angle iron安装基准圆installation fundamental circle吊装立柱hoisting upright column焊接钢管welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋centripetal canting pull rope带板

6、band plate槽钢胀圈channel steel expansion ring环口collar extension局部变形local distortion环缝circumferential weld顶板top plate拱顶vault顶板加强肋stiffening rib对接butt joint胎具clamping fixture卷板机plate bending rolls中心支架center bearing bracket椭圆度ovality等分线bisectrix搭接宽度lap width点焊spot welding搭接焊overlap welding对称symmetrically螺

7、旋爬梯cockle stairs放料阀baiting valve液位计content gauge芬兰维萨拉Vailsla OY美国美科"Met-coil, USA"集中式空调系统centralized air conditioning system裙房annex热源heat source平面位置的空间space of planimetric position密封性能sealing performance机房 machine room节点timing专业"profession or discipline 都可以 ,要根据上下文"连体法兰coupling f

8、lange垂直井笼vertical well cage变风量 variable air rate施工面展开construction unfolds违约行为noncompliance合同交底- contract presentation管理承包商Management Contractor party工程量 work amount实施的形象进度progress of implementation完工资料as-built documentation文整clear-up审核review汽车式起重机Autocrane深化图纸deepen drawing设备配置计划equipment furnishmen

9、t plan结构预埋配合阶段Structure pre-embedment assistancestage精装修阶段Fine fitment stage工程施工阶段Construction stage工程竣工阶段Completion stage台钻 Bench drill冲击钻Churn drill手电钻Electric portable drill砂轮切割机Abrasive cutting off machine角钢卷圆机Angle iron rolling machine管道切断器Pipe cutting machine铜管调直机Copper pipe straightening mach

10、ine管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes角向磨光机Angle polishing machine电动套丝机Electric threading machine电动卷扬机Electric winch电动试压泵Motor-driven pressure test pump手动试压泵Manual pressure test pump阀门试压机Valve pressure test device阀门试压机Valve pressure test deviceTDC(F) 风管

11、加工流水线TDC(F)air ductwork fabricationstream line等离子切割机Plasma cutting machineTDC(F) 法兰条成型机TDC(F) flange strip shaping mill勾码成型机Forming machine for flange clampTDC(F) 风管加工成型机TDC(F) duct fabrication shaping mill15多普勒超声波流量检测仪Doppler ultrasonic flow detector温、湿度传感器"Temperature, humidity senor"精密声

12、级计Precision sound level meter风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置"Duct air leakagetester, airchamber air leakage testing device"风罩式风量测试仪Air hood air rate tester微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪"Micromanometer ,pitot tube, hot bulb（electrical） anemoscope"潜水泵 Submerged pump电动弯管机Electric pipe bender铜管弯管机Copper pipe b

13、ender液压弯管机Hydraulic pipe bender电动剪刀Electric clipper液压铆钉钳Hydraulic riveting clamp线槽电锯Trunking electric saw开孔器 Tapper电动空压机Electric air compressor液压千斤顶Hydraulic jack液压手推车Hydraulic trolley焊条烘干箱Welding rod drying box手拉葫芦Chain block道（垫）木Sleeper转速表 Tachometer电流钳型表Clip-style ammeter压力表Pressure gauge接地电阻测试仪E

14、arthing resistance testing device氧气表Oxygen gauge乙炔表Acetylene gauge对讲机Walkie talkie文件和资料documents and information建设单位Construction unit安装单位Installation unita. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING 屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体 (外墙

15、板 )g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟h. DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDW ARE)1、玻璃、窗及五金 件1. STAIRCASE 、 LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【 Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】【 Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【 Facing And P

16、lastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】【 Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】【 Timber 木材】【 Metallic Materials 金属材料】【 Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】【 Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】【 Building Hardware 建筑五金】【 Paint 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【 Discipline 专业】【 Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】【 Architectural Physic

17、s 建筑物理】【 Name Of Professional role 职务名称】【 Drafting 制图】a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料original data设计进度schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN

18、设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basicdesign详细设计detaildesign询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing竣工图 as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰 wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均

19、)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载 wind load最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature

20、采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气

21、开关室switch room走廊 corridor档案室 archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaningroom会议室(正式) conference room会议室meetingroom衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.Croom饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室

22、switch gear前室 ante cabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utilityroom化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披 屋 ( 阁楼 ) penthouse警卫室guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层extra ply of fel

23、t檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof cour

24、se检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体 (外墙板 )砖墙 brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall withoutplastering抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse w

25、all外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated singl

26、e steel plate外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinth精品资料推荐g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪 grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (bind

27、ing) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅 joist硬

28、木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做 2坡 floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up

29、stand电缆沟cable trenchh. DOORS, GLASS, WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDW ARE) 门、玻璃、窗及五金件木( 钢 ) 门wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门t

30、hermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门fire door（大门上的）小门 wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottomrail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗ste

31、el window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗（通风为主） sun-bind, louver （louver, shutter, blind）塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗 transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window

32、密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页 (铰链 ) hinge (butts)转轴 pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩do

33、or hanger碰球ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销 insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plateglass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glassI. STA

34、IRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder直爬梯vertical ladder踏步 step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing aroun

35、d mounting hole扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading&unloading楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客 /货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar

36、 room电梯坑 lift pit电梯井道lift shaft建筑材料词汇及短语j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASESBricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖 clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile缸砖clinkery brick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos til

37、e （shingle）波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheetLime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sandCement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥（普通硅酸盐水泥） Portland cement硅酸盐水

38、泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆（混合砂浆） cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint

39、素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大

40、白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰lath and plasterAsphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纤维asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝crack透裂s

41、plit环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木round timber方木square timber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松 deciduous pine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber胶合板 plywood三 ( 五 ) 合板3(5)-plywood企口板tongued a

42、nd grooved board层夹板laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMetallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢steel Bar方钢square steel扁钢steel strap,flat steel型钢steel section(shape)槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢 I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁 ( 之 ) 字

43、钢 T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steelbar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝

44、钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁 cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢 managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steelNon-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金 gold白金platinum铜 copper

45、黄铜brass青铜bronze银 silver铝 aluminum铅 leadAnti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (poly vinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆anti-rust

46、paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉子 nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercialbolt高强螺栓high strengthbolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓c

47、inch bolt垫片washerPaint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil腻子puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语Discipline 专业建

48、筑architecture土木 civil给排水 water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C (heating 、ventilation and air conditioning)电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanicalpower工艺process technology管道pipingConventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectoni

49、cs建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内within site厂

50、区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume建筑模型buildi

51、ng modelArchitectural Physics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光glaze方位角 azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸

52、音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员draf