人教版高中英语必修二unit4wildlifeprotection语言点

1、succeedmercy.noise!madeofjingetiejiUnit 4 Wildlife protection 语言点编稿：张桂琴目标认知重点词汇：mercy, affect, decrease, loss, reserve, hunt , contain , certain , appreciate ,重点短语：die out, protect. from . , pay attention to , in danger重点句型：1. "主语+be+形容词+to do”结构。2. It will be long before +从句知识讲解重点词汇【高清课堂：词语精讲】

2、mercy【原句回放】Farmers hunted us without mercy.农民们毫不留情的猎杀我们【点拨】1. mercy ( cn ./un.)仁慈；宽容；怜悯They showed mercy to their enemies.HisdeathwasaThe ship was at the mercy of the storm.Mercy(onus)!Whatamercy killing3. Adj. merciful仁慈的，宽容的。She was merciful to the prisoners.This judge is merciless towards anyone

3、found guilty of murder.4. Adv. mercifullyThe play was very bad, but mercifully it was also short!【拓展】at the mercy of sb. /sth. 任处置；对无能为力；任由摆布throw oneself on sb s mercy 指望某人能宽容without mercy 残忍地affect【原句回放】 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一种影响蚊子的强效药物【点拨】affect (Vt.)影响；使感动。The

4、change in climate may affect your health.Their opinion will not affect my decision.Cancer had affected his lungs.We were deeply affected by the news of her death.She affected a foreign accent.辨析：affect, effect, affectionAlcohol affects drivers' concentration.Alcohol has a very bad effect on driv

5、ers.He felt great affection for his sister.Africa has always had a special place in my affections.【拓展】Have/produce an effect on 对有影响come into effect 生效；实施be of no effect 无效的；无用的decrease【原句回放】 If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food , their numbers may decrease.如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或它们不

6、能找到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。【点拨】decrease v. & n.(1)vi. & vt.降低，减少，使(变小)搭配decreasein 在方面减少from 在基础上减少to 减少到by 减少了The new unemployment figures have decreased from last month .新的失业人数比上个月有所减少。The newspaper has decreased in size, but not in quality .这份报纸虽然版面减少了，但质量并未降低。The member8 decreased to three hundr

7、ed . 会员减少至 300 人。The members decreased by three hundred . 会员减少了 300 人。(2)n.减少，减少的数量There has been a steady decrease in population in this city .这个城市的人口在不断地减少。【拓展】on the decrease 在减少特别提示decrease v.减少近reduce v.减少反increase v.增力口loss【原句回放】loss of bamboo growing areas 竹子生长地的丧失【点拨】10ss n.(1) U损失；遗失；丧失Did

8、you report the loss of your jewellery to the police?你有没有把你丢失珠宝的事告诉警方？(2)损失，损坏The company suffered a heavy loss as a result of that mistake .因为那次错误，公司损失惨重。He'll try his best to make up the loss .他将努力弥补损失。(3) C输，未能赢What made him unhappy was the loss of yesterday 's football match . 昨天的足球比赛输了 使

9、他很不高兴。【拓展】the loss of sth.损失/丢失/输掉某物suffer a loss ( of)蒙受损失make up a loss 弥补损失 at a loss不知所措，困惑 lose one s way 迷路 lose oneself迷路，迷失方向；沉湎于 lose ones balance失去平衡 lose a game/match by (以之差)输掉比赛be lost in 沉迷于联想(派生)lose v. 失去；丢失；损失；输 lost adj.丢失的，失去的，输掉的 loser n.失败者5. Wo long Nature Reserve卧龙自然保护区reserve

10、【原句回放】 We drove the car slowly and watched the lions in the nature reserve . 我们慢慢驾 车观察自然保护区里的狮子。(1) C保护区，禁猎区(2) C储藏，储备I must keep a good reserve of energy for tomorrow s match .我必须为明天的比赛储备充足的体力。I have little money in reserve . 我几乎毫无积蓄。(3) v.保留You d better reserve the money for future need .你最好保留那笔钱以

11、备将来之需。(4) v. (=book)预约，预订We must reserve two seats in the cinema .我们必须在电影院预订两个座位。【拓展】a forest reserve 保护林a game reserve 禁猎区 in reserve储备，备用 without reserve 坦率地，毫无保留地 keep a reserve of. for( =reserve sth. for)保留以备reservation n. 保留地；居留地 reserved adj.内向的；说话不多的unreserved adj. 未被预订的提示reserve容易与deserve（应得

12、；值得）混淆。hunt【原句回放】too much hunting in the 1950s 。20世纪50年代的过度猎杀【点拨】hunt v. & n.(1)v.打猎，猎杀Well go hunting this Sunday morning if weather permits .如果天气允许的话我们周日上午就去打猎。The American natives used to make a living by hunting animals .美洲土著人曾靠打猎为生。(2)v.寻找Knowing a foreign language sometimes is a must in jo

13、b hunting .懂一门外语有时是找工作的必要条件。(3)n.打猎，寻找He is on the bunt for a better job .他在寻找更好的工作。【拓展】hunting n .(常作动名词和现在分词用)打猎hunter n . 猎人，狩猎者 huntress n . 女猎人 go hunting 去打猎 a hunting dog 猎狗 a hunting ground 狩猎场 hunt for / after 追逐，寻找，搜索contain【原句回放】 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes .它含有一种

14、影响蚊子的强效药物。【点拨】contain vt.(1)包含；含有Sea water contains salt and 11 other minerals . (=Salt and 11 other minerals are contained in sea water.)海水中含有盐和其他11种矿物质。This book contains all the information you need .这本书包含你所需要的一切资料。(2)容纳The hall can contain 500 people .这个大厅能容纳 500 人。辨析contain 与 includecontain指作为组

15、成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内。include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，用于“句子，including+被包括部分“或“句子，被包括部分 +included”。Twenty - three people , including three babies , were injured in the traffic accident. (=Twenty-three people, three babies included , were injured in the traffic accident.)包括三个婴儿在内，二十三个人在这次交通事故中受伤。【拓展】container n .容

16、器(如瓶，箱，罐)certain【原句回放】 They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.如果游客付给农民钱。他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。【点拨】certain adj.(1)确定的，确信的，无疑的搭配 be certain to do sth . 一定会做某事of(doing)sth.又(做)某事有把握that . 确信He is certain to pass the exam . =It is certain that he wilt pass the

17、exam . 他肯定能通过考 试。I'm certain of his success. =Im certain that he will succeed .我确信他会成功。(2)未指明的，若干，一些for a certain reason 为了某种理由I have a certain hesitation . 我有些犹豫。I'm certain that a certain Mr. Smith is asking for you .我确定有个史密斯先生在找你。【拓展】make certain that .弄清楚，弄明白for certain确定；无疑to a certain

18、extent 在一定程度上辨析sure 与 certain易混词辨析例句sure“一定，确信"，一般用语，表7K主观愿 望或信念，一点也不怀疑。I felt for a time sure of his dishonesty , but this letter makes me certain of his honesty.野-度认为他不诚实，但这 封信使我相信他是诚实的。certain语气比sure强，通常表示有明确的理由或 不容置疑的事实依据。特另U提示 sb. be sure / certain that.It's certain that.sb. be sure to

19、 do sth .辨析some 与 certain易混词辨析例句some表示不知道具体是哪一个，不可以接复数 名词，如果接复数名词则表示“一些”， 而不是“某个”。I've read that story before in some book.我以前曾在某书中读过那个故 事。（说话人记不起书名了）certain表示知道是某一个但不明确指出，后接复数名词。a certain等于 some,后接可数名 词单数。I've read that story before in a certain book.我以前曾在某书中读过那个故 事。（说话人可能记得书名，但没讲出 来）apprec

20、iate【原句回放】 You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together .你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林。并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【点拨】 appreciate v.(1)(不用于进行时)欣赏，赏识；重视You can't really appreciate foreign literature in translation .看翻译作品很难真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。Her family doesn&

21、#39;t appreciate her .她的家人不重视她。(2)(不用于进行时)感激，感谢，欢迎I would appreciate it if you paid in cash .假如你支付现金，我将不胜感激。Your support is greatly appreciated . 十分感谢你的支持。搭配I would appreciate it if . 如果,我将不胜感激。特别提示appreciate后不接to do作宾语，可接doing或名词、代词。appreciate通常不用于进行时态中。succeed【原句回放】 What must be done if wildlife p

22、rotection is to succeed?如果野生生物保护得以成功，必须做什么？【点拨】 succeed v.成功，达到目的搭配succeed in( doing) sth.成功地做了某事The plan has succeeded.这个计戈U成功了。He succeeded in( passing) the entrance examination .他成功地通过了升学考试。【拓展】Success n 成功,成就successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地success n, 成功的人或事重点短语die out【原句回放】 As a result the

23、se endangered animals may even die out .结果，这些濒危的动物 甚至可能会灭绝。【点拨】die out(1)(动植物物种)灭绝This kind of bird is dying out .这种鸟快要灭绝了。(2)(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失，消灭Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date .因为已经过时，许多传统风俗已经消失。(3)(火)逐渐熄灭The fire is dying out and you'd better add some firewood .

24、火快灭了，你最好添点柴火。【拓展】die away（声音、光线、风等）逐渐平息，渐弱die off（家庭、种族等）相继灭亡，（草木）先后枯死die down （火、兴奋程度等）渐弱，渐息；（=die away）（光线、声音等）变弱，消失die from因致死（外因，常指情感、疾病之外的原因造成的死亡）die of因而死，死于（内因，常指情感、疾病等原因造成的死亡）die a. death死得（death前可用形容词）辨析die away, die out, die off 与 die down易混短语辨析例句die away（声音、光线、风等）逐渐平息，渐 弱The wind had died

25、 away by dusk . 黄昏时 风逐渐停息了。die out（家庭、物种等）死亡、灭绝Many old customs are gradually dying out.许多旧习俗在日渐消失。die off（家族、种族等）相继死去；（草木） 先后枯死The leaves of the tree are dying off . 树上 的叶子正相继枯死。die down（火、兴奋程度等）渐弱、渐息；（=die away）（光线、声音等）变弱、消失The noise had died down .喧闹声逐渐消失了。protect. from.【原句回放】I'm protecting m

26、yself from mosquitoes .我使自己不被蚊子叮咬。【点拨】protect. from . 保护使不受 (伤害)，相当于 protect. against. , from/ against是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词。He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight . 他戴着太阳镜以遮挡 强烈的太阳光线。A new material was painted to protect the roof from rain涂上一种新材料以使屋顶防雨。【拓展】keep sb. from doin

27、gstop sb. (from )doingprevent sb . (from) doing阻止某人做be kept / stopped / prevented from doing 被阻止做(from 不能省)pay attention to【原句回放】 You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together .你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林。并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【点拨】pay attention to注意pay

28、attention to中attention没有复数，其前可以用修饰不可数名词的数量词，不能用冠词、所有格等限定词，to是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。A great deal of attention has been paid to protecting the environment . 人们已经对保护环 境投入很多注意力了。You speak English well, but you d better pay more attention to your written English .你英语讲得很好，但最好对书面英语多加注意一下。【拓展】May I have your at

29、tention , please?( =Attention , please!)请汪思！draw/attract / catch/get one's attention to吸引某人对某事的注意fix/focus one's attention on 各注意力集中于devote one s attention to 专心致志于listen/watch with attention 注意听/观察Stand at attention . ( =Attention!)立正!提示以上短语中的to, on皆为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词。in danger【原句回放】 Why are t

30、hey in danger of disappearing?它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？【点拨】in danger处于危险中The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight . Which doctor helped him out of danger? 那小男孩曾经处于失明的危险中，是哪位医生帮助他脱离危险的？辨析dangerous 与 in dangerdangerous是指人、物、事态可能引起危险，对别人构成威胁。in danger是指人或物本身处于危险中，受到外来的威胁。提示danger表示抽象意义的“危险”时，是不可数名词，表

31、示具体意义“危险的人 物”时，是可数名词。【拓展】safe(反义)adj.安全的 safety(反义)n.安全 endangered adj.濒危的 out of danger脱离危险脱离险境 的危险dangerous adj.危险的 danger n.危险endanger v.危及in no danger 没有危险 full of danger充满危险help. out of danger 帮助一There is a danger of. 有 a danger to. 对很危险重点句型1 ."主语+be+形容词+to do”结构。【原句回放】 When scientists ins

32、pected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the othersbut also climb trees .科学家们观察他们的骨头时，惊奇地发现它们不仅跟其他恐龙一样能跑。而且还能爬树。【点拨】they were surprised to find 是"主语+be+形容词+to do”结构。(1) “主语+be+形容词+to do”这一结构中的形容词往往是表示心理活动的，接不定式时，不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语，主动用 to do;被动用to be done。I'm so glad to meet you here .很高兴在这里见到你。Your parents will be pleased to receive your present .你父母将很高兴收到你的礼物。（2）“主语+be+形