与房地产有关词汇

1、property 物业，资产interest 产权subsidiary 附属机构，子公司valuation 评估open market value 公开市场价值leaseback 售后回租即租回已出售的财产on a residual basis 剩余法capital value 资本价值cost of development 开发费指拆迁费，七通一平费等professional fee 专业人员费指勘察设计费等finance costs 融资成本指利息等sale proceeds 销售收益on the basis of capitalisation 资本复原法floor area 建筑面积ti

2、tle document 契约文书plaza 购物中心land use certificate 土地使用证commercial/residential complex 商住综合楼land use fee 土地使用费获得土地使用权后，每年支付国家的使用土地费用Grant Contract of Land Use Right 土地使用权出让合同plot ratio 容积率site coverage 建筑密度land use term 土地使用期project approval 项目许可planning approval 规划许可commission 佣金permit 许可证business lic

3、ense 营业执照strata-title 分层所有权public utilities 公共设施urban planning 城市规划state-owned land 国有土地fiscal allotment 财政拨款grant or transfer 出让或转让the Municipal Land Administration Bureau 市土地管理局infrastructure 基础设施financial budget 财政预算public bidding 公开招标auction 拍卖negotiation /agreement协议land efficiency 土地效益location

4、 classification 地段等级projecting parameter 规划参数government assignment 政府划拨administrative institution 行政事业单位key zones for development 重点开发区tract 大片土地biding document 标书prerequisitioned land 预征土地competent authorities 主管部门construction project 建设项目planning permit of construction engineering 建设工程规划许可证go thro

5、ugh the formalities 办手续comprehensive sub-areas 综合分区reconstruction of old area 旧区改造purchasing power 购买力property trust 物业信托equity 权益cash flows 现金流量appreciation 增值disposition 处置hedge 保值措施income tax shelter 收入税的庇护downturn 经济衰退wealth maximisation 最大限度的增加财产同其他投资相比forecast 预测rules-of-thumb techniques 经验法mo

6、rtgage lender 抵押放贷者vacancy 空房discounted cash flow models 折现值现金流量模型expectation 期望值letting 出租equity reversion 权益回收bad debts 坏帐depreciation allowances 折旧费supplies 日常用品utilities 公共事业设备allowances for repairs and maintenance 维修费unpaid mortgage balance 抵押贷款欠额stamp duty印花税recession 衰退overproduction 生产过剩glut

7、 供过于求high-technology 高科技investment strategy投资策略circulation 发行量entrepreneur 倡导者，企业家coliseum 大体育场，大剧院chambers 商业资本家联合组织的会所arena 室内运动场socioeconomic status 社会经济地位amenities 便利设施condominium 个人占有公寓房，一套公寓房的个人所有权income bracket 收入档次tenement 分租合住的经济公寓area code 地区代码community 社区assessment 估价downzone 降低区划规模housin

8、g residences住宅mortgage loan按揭贷款 to buy a house on mortgage； to mortgage a house按揭购房housing vacancy rate房屋空置率Comfortable Housing Project安居工程slab-type apartment building板楼，板式楼a relocated unit or household搬迁户property tax； estateor capital duty财产税compensation for demolition拆迁补偿费removal expense拆迁费用urban

9、housing provident fund城镇住房公积金low-cost housing 低价住房second-hand house二手房real estate assessor房产估价师property ownership certificate房产证buy or exchange houses房屋置换real estate speculator炒房者housing system reform房改real estate management房管property right certificate房权证real estate market房产市场housing vacancy rate房屋空

10、置率welfare-oriented public housing allocation system福利分房individual housing loan个人购房贷款commercialization of public housing公房商品化houses built with funds collected by the buyers集资房residential construction居民住房建设per-capital housing人均住房complete department or flat现房forward delivery housing期房commercial residen

11、tial building商品房the vacancy in commercial housing商品房空置policy-related house， policy-based house政策性住房rental allowance； housing allowance住房补贴capitalization process of housing 住房分配货币化进程semi-detached house 半独立式房子一栋房子从中间隔开，成为两户人家，花园也用篱笆隔开 detached house 独立式房子(一家拥有) terraced houses/ row houses 连栋房屋(互相连接的一排

12、房屋；两幢之间只有一层墙壁相隔) fence 篱笆 front door 房子前门 garage 车库driveway 车库通向马路的空地 Flat/Apartment (公寓) block of flats 公寓楼ground floor 第一层first floor 第二层lift/elevator 电梯stairs 楼梯steps 楼外的台阶 balcony 阳台Renting (租房)landlord 房东rent 房租House Leasing Contract 房屋合同 deposit 定金furnished house/ apartment有家具的房子/公寓 unfurnishe

13、d house/ apartment 无家具的房子/公寓 a vacant room/ a spare room 空房single room 单人间double room 双人间utilities 水、电、煤气和垃圾处理等费用flatmate 合住一套公寓的人；合租者letting agency 房屋中介agency fee 中介费 海外留学租房三攻略home stay 寄宿家庭，指和房东住在一起，由房东提供食宿university accommodation 学校宿舍住在大学提供的宿舍里private accommodation 私人住房Room (房间) cozy 温馨的living ro

14、om/lounge 起居室 ；客厅bedroom 卧室main bedroom 主卧carpet 地毯coffee table 置于沙发前的茶几 armchair 单人沙发 sofa 沙发 remote control 遥控器 radiator 暖气片central heating 中央供暖fridge/ freezer 冰箱kettle 电烧水壶 stool 厨房高脚椅oven 烤箱dishwasher 洗碗机 tap 水龙头 sink 洗碗池cupboard 橱柜 shower 淋浴/冲凉bath 浴缸bathroom 卫生间main bathroom 主卫toilet 马桶Buy a (

15、an)flat/ apartment 买房 real estate 房地产mortgage 按揭指向银行借长期抵押贷款，用来买房子down payment 首付completed apartment/flat 现房指已建好供销售的房子forward housing delivery 期房resold apartment 二手房affordable housing 经济适用房housing price 房价学习文档 仅供参考Real estate is supposed to be put to its “highest and best use.” It comes in several va

16、rieties : residential , commercial , and industrial. Among residential properties , there are houses , apartment buildings and other special-use properties such as time shares . Most areas are zoned for residential , commercial , industrial , or other forms of real estate . But sometimes you can upg

17、rade real estate by building a more remunerative type as permitted , or by going to city hall to get the land rezoned for a higher type of use . Thus , an investor might be able to upgrade residential property for commercial use . If it were mixed residential and commercial , one might be able to co

18、nvert it to all of one or the other , depending on which was the more profitable use in this area . A person might buy a building and adjoining land , and either erect another building on the spare land or sell the land for a profit . Industrial properties are the trickiest to deal with because they

19、 tend to consist of “ single-use ” buildings such as a factory , which are hard to convert to other uses if the business closes down .房地产应该得到完全充分地利用。根据用途，其可分为以下几类：居民用房、商业用房、以及工业用房。其中居民用房包括民宅、公寓以及其他特殊用途的房产例如分时共用房产。虽然大部分区域被规划为居民区，工业区，或其他房地产区，但偶尔你也可以通过获批或市政厅重新规划建造更多的其它形式的有偿地产。因此，投资者可以通过将居民用房变为商业用房来提高房地

20、产的利用价值。如果该种物业类型混合了居住型和商业型的特色，使用者可以根据在当地房屋的盈利情况选择将其变为居住型或商业型房产，亦或居住商业混合型的。某人买房的同时可以买下与其相连的空地，也可以在空地上建造另一栋楼房，当然也可以卖掉这块地。工业房产是最难处理的房产，因为它是由单一用途的建筑组成例如工厂，而当企业破产后的房产是相当难转化为其他用途的。Real estate can be owned in several ways . The most common way is as a stand-alone building , usually a house . A unit in an ap

21、artment can also be owned as a condominium . In such a situation , people own individual apartments within the building , while the manager of the building owns the lobby and other areas open to all that are known as common areas . Apartment owners pay a fee to the manager for the use of these commo

22、n areas known as maintenance . If the building goes bankrupt , the lender will foreclose on the ownership of the common area , but individual apartment owners will not be affected . A less safe arrangement is a cooperative , or co-op for short . Here , a corporation owns an apartment building , and

23、individual apartment owners buy shares in the building corresponding to the value of their apartment . The apartment itself is occupied under a proprietary lease . Here , if the building is mortgaged and defaults , the lender to the building can foreclose on the whole corporation , which is to say t

24、hat individual apartment owners lose their shares in their apartments , and thus , the ownership of the units themselves .房地产有以下几种拥有形式：最常见的方式是单一楼房，比方住宅。公寓的一个单位的产权可以归居住者自有。在次种情况之下，个人拥有该房屋建筑里面的某个人单元，而房屋建筑经营者拥有大堂或者其他公共区域。公寓所有人为该部分公用区域给公寓管理者付的费用称为物业管理费。如果该栋建筑物房产破产，贷方会取消公共区域的赎回权，但个人部分不受影响。合作经营或者短期消费合作是指一

25、家公司拥有一个公寓型建筑，而拥有公寓所有权的个人根据公寓价值买该公寓的股份，这栋公寓本身就存在房产租赁契约，在这种情况下，如果该公寓是作为抵押借款或是为了拖欠债务，该房屋的贷方能取消整个公司的赎回权，也就是说公寓所有权的个人失去了他们对该建筑物的房产份额，当然，他们对房屋单元的所有权也会相应失去。所以，这种管理模式不太保险。Co-ops are much harder to finance than condos .In the case of a condo , the owner has title to the unit , which the bank can repossess in

26、 the event of a default . The unit can then be liquidated fairly easily , as in the case of a detached building such as a house . In the case of a co-op , the bank can repossess only the shares corresponding to the apartment , not the unit itself . This is a much weaker form of security because the

27、co-op loans . The ones that do are mainly in large cities like New York City , where such arrangements are fairly common , and they typically require an assessment of the buildings financial condition , as well as the individuals finances . Many co-ops require buyers to either pay cash or , if the p

28、urchase is financed , to use consumer , mortgage , credit , wherein the interest is not deductible for tax purposes , in order to screen out buyers . A most illustrative case was in the novel Bonfire of the vanities , in which the hero , Sherman McCoy , needed $420,000 of pretax income in order to p

29、ay annual interest of $252,000 on his $2.6 million apartment . He was “going broke on one million dollars a year .”合作性消费房产比分户出售公寓大厦还更难融资。在分户出售公寓大厦的情况下，原权利属于公寓单位所有人的公寓单位在拖欠债务的情况下，银行有权收回。在别离建筑住房的情况下，这样的单元结算相对简单。在合作性消费房产的情况下，银行只能收回公寓相应的份额，不是公寓单元本身，因为是消费性合作贷款，所以不是很保险。这种形式主要是在像纽约这样的大城市中能够行得通。在那里，该管理形式相当普

30、遍，建筑物房产和个人经济状况的评估受到关注。许多合作性消费性房产要求买主或者付现金，或者消费，抵押，信用，等融资形式来支付。其中，为了甄选买家，利息是不因为税收而扣除的，最有说服力的例子是小说虚无的篝火，当中的主角Sherman McCoy需要420，000美元的税前收入为了付年利息为252，000美元的价值2.6百万的公寓。每年1百万美元使得他就要破产了。Another arrangement is known as a time share . This applies mainly to vacation and resort homes , where a number of peop

31、le purchase and own the right use the home exclusively for a specified period of time , usually measured in weeks and months . The more desirable time slots ( the season ) cost more , because what youre really purchasing is not the home itself ., but the right to use it at a particular time . 另外一种形式是分时共有房产。这种房产的形式主要应用在度假村或旅游景点。在那里，一些人购买并且获得房子的某段特定时期的独家使用权，通常以星期或月份来计算。需求越旺盛的季节，房屋的价钱很高，因