2020中考备战英语二轮语法专题复习：介词数词(带答案)

1、中考备战英语二轮语法专题复习：介词数词（带答案）学生姓名性别年级初三学科英语授课教师Z#X#X#K上课时间年 月 日第（）次课 共（）次课课时：课时教学课题数词与介词教学目标1 .掌握基数词与序数词的用法及区分2 .掌握介词所涉及到的固定搭配及短语辨析3 .学会止确选用介词，能够在完型及看图填词中迅速利用此技巧敲定固定搭配题。教学重点 与难点固定搭配；百、千、万、白力和千万的用法，分数和主谓一致结合一、数词知识点解析考点一基数词基数词用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示。1 one11 eleven100 a hundred2 two12 twelve20 twe

2、nty1000 a thousand3 three13 thirteen30 thirty1, 000, 000 a million4 four14 fourteen40 forty10, 000, 000 ten million5 five15 fifteen5 fifty100, 000,000 a hundred million6 six16 sixteen60 sixty1, 000, 000, 000 a billion7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety1

3、0 ten说明：1. 其它非整十的两位数21 99是由整十位数加连字符:"',再加个位数构成。如： 81 eighty-one。2. 101999的基数词先写百位数，后加 and再写十位数和个位数。如： 691 six hundred and ninety-one。3. 1000以上的基数词先写千位数，后写百位数，再加 and,最后写十位数和个位数。如：5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three 。基数词的用法：Hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词

4、，它们不能加“s反之则须加"s"并要与of短语连用。例如：three hundred people, five thousand years; thousands of people, hundreds of students考点二序数词表示顺序的词，叫序数词。序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况外，序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th构成。请见下表：A到钎一到第十九第二十以上firsteleventhtwentiethsecondtwelfththirtieththirdthirteenthfortiethfourthfourteenthfiftiethfifthfift

5、eenthsixtiethsixthsixteenthseventiethseventhseventeentheightietheightheighteenthninetiethninthnineteenthhundredthtenththousandth说明：1 .表示 几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。2 .其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如： fifty-first (第五H一)。3 .少数序数词拼法不规则，如： fifth (第五)，eighth (第八)，ninth (第九)，twelfth (第十二)等。一、/»注息：1 .序

6、数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。例如：第一：(the) first=1st第二：(the) second=2nd第三：(the) third=3rd第五：(the) fifth=5th第九十七：(the) ninety-seventh=97th第一百零一：(the) one hundred (and)first=101st2 .编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序，但是基数词要后置。例如： 第一课：Lesson One第三十二页：Page 32第 305 房间：Room 305第12路公共7车：Bus No.12序数词的用法序数词表顺序，主要作定语，其前面须加上定冠词the,此外，也作主

7、语、宾语、表语 和定语等，这时，被它所修饰的名词往往被省略。如：The first ( person ) to arrive is Kate.例如：The first is bigger than the second.(作主语)第一个比第二个大。Give me the巾rst.(作宾语)把第一个给我。She' s oftethe first to go to school.(作表语)她经常第一个去上学。.考点三分数表达法先写基数词表示分子，后写序数词表示分母，如果分子大于1时，分母用复数。如：one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths考点四小数表达法小数

8、点前的整数按基数词.的规则表示，小数点写作point,小数后的数字应按其数字直接表示出来。如：3 8.38 可写成：eighteen point three eight。考点五 年、月、日和时间的表达法1 .年份用基数词表达，分两位一读，年份前用介词in。例如：1999 nineteen ninety-nine2000 two thousand2001 two thousand and one2 .月份的第一个字母要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。例如：一月 January(Jan.),二月 February(Feb)三月 March(Mar.),四月(Apr.),五月 May,六月 June

9、七月 July,八月 August(Aug.)，九月 September(Sept.),十月 October(Oct) H月 November(Nov.),十二月 December(Dec.)。3 .日期的表达要用序数词，-读时前面要加定冠词the,介词要使用on。例如：在 6 月 1 日：on June 1st 读作：on June the first.年、月、日同时表达时，一般应先写月、日、后写年。如：在 2001年5月4日：on May 4 th, -2001。4 .年代用基数词的复数表示。例如：20 世纪 90 年代：nineteen nineties; 21 世纪 20 年代：twe

10、nty twenties5 .时间表达法：时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。例如：5: 00 five (o' k)coc源:6 ： 18 six eighteen 或 eighteen past six12 ： 15 twelve fifteen 或 fifteen （a quarter） past twelve4: 30 four thirty 或 half past four6: 45 six forty-five a quarter to seven一、/注息：1）表示整点时间，直接用基数词表达，后边可接o' clock也可不加）。表达 几点几分”时，绝不能用。clo

11、ck2）表达“1分”或“4分”时，常用quarter （刻）。3）在倒读法中，如果钟点不过半，须用分钟数+past+钟点数”的形式；如果钟点过半，则用 差多少分钟数+to+全钟点（下个钟点数）”的形式。两组与数词有关的介词短语：in+定冠词the+数词的复数形式，表示年代。如： in the 1870s或1870' sin+物主代词+数词的复数形式，表示某人的年龄。如： in one ' s thirties有时在物主代词后面可加上形容词 early 或 late 使其含义更确切些。如： The young man is at most in his early thirtie

12、s.注意： 带有数词的名词作定语的表达：a seven-year-old boy, a hundred-metre race课堂练习单项选择()1. Now, everyone, please turn to Page and look atpicture.A . Twelve ; the fifthB . Twelfth ; the fifthC. Twelve ; fiveD . Twelfth ; five()2. Can you write the number eighty-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six?一 Yes, it isA

13、. 85, 626B. 856, 620 C. 58, 662 D. 58, 626()3. Have you got enough students to carry the boxes ?一 No, I think I need students.A . anotherB. two others C. two more D. more two()4. We have stayed at this school for .A . Two years and halfB. Two and half a yearsC. Two years and a halfD. Two and a half

14、yea()5.()6.()8.()9.()10.()11.()12.()13.()14 .()15 .一 Which class won the basketball match? 一 did.A. Class Third B. Class Three C. Third Class D. Three ClassAbout of the earth covered with water, but we have less fresh water.A . three quarter; isB. three quarters; isC. three quarter; areD . three qua

15、rters; areChristmas Day is on of December.A . twenty-five B. the twenty-five C. twenty-fifth D . the twenty-fifth How long is the bridge ? - It ' s.A . 300-meter-long B. 300-meters 1ong C. 300 meters longD. 300 meter longThe number of the students in our grade about , and of them are girls .A .

16、are; six hundreds; two-thirdsB . is; six hundred ; two-thirdC. is; six hundred ; two thirdsD . are; six hundreds; two third一 Ann Lee , a Chinese director, won the Best Director again in his .一 How great he is! It is his time to win an Oscar .A . fifty; twice B. fiftieth ; second C. fifties ; second

17、D . fifties ; twoTom , a boy, can speak English quite well . He Wants to learn language next term .A . twelve-year-old ; secondB . twelve year old ; the secondC. twelve-year-old ; a secondD . twelve years old ; the second girls took part in the Happy Girl Competition but only a few of them succeeded

18、A . Million ofB . Many million of一 How far is the small town from London?It ' s about kilometers .A . two hundred and thirty fiveC. two hundreds and thirty-fiveThe People ' s Liberation Army was foundedA. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 AugustC. One million of D. Millions ofB. two hundreds a

19、nd thirty fiveD . two hundred and thirty-fiveC. on August 1 st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927Which room do you live in?A. The 201 RoomB. Room 201C. Room 201 stD. The 201s Room二、介词知识点解析考点1:表时间的介词(1) . at, on, in 的区别：at多指"点时间"，如：钟点 at nine o'clock;某时刻 at a quarter past two;在晚饭时at supper等。on多

20、指"具体某天或某天的早中晚以及时间前有形容词修饰等”如：在1999年5月1号那天on May 1st 1999;在星期天早上 on Sunday morning; 在个寒冷的夜晚 on a cold night。in 多指“段时间”,如：18 世纪 in the eighteenth century;在 2003 年 in 2003;在春天 in spring;在六月 in June;在早上 in the morning;在他 20 多岁时 in his twenties.(2) . before, after 和 in 的区别：before是指 在之前”，如：在5点钟前before

21、 five o'clock;在星期五前 before Friday.after和in是指 在之后”。其后接 -段时间”时，in与将来时连用，after 一般与过去时连用。如：she will be back in two weeks (months, years).她两个星期(月，年)之后回来。She came back after a week .她一个星期后回来若后面接的是一个"时间点”时，只用 after。如：She will arrive after two o 'clock .她在2点后到达。(3) . since 和 for 的区别:两者与现在完成时连用时

22、，since后接“时间点或过去时的一个句子”，for后接“时间段”。如：I have been in China since 2000(时间点).=I have been in China for 12 years (时间段)。我在中国 12 年了。He has stayed in this school since he came here .自从他来到这里后，他就呆在这个学校。(4) . 考点 1专练：用 at, in, on, before, after, since, for 填空1. Jacky was born July 11 th, 1998. I was born July 1

23、 st, 1998. So I was born ten days him.2. We have four classes the daytime and two night.3. Harry has stayed here last night. He has been here 12 hours.4. I will be out eight o 'clock tomorrow. And I will come back a month.5. They get up 6:30 every morning. But yesterday they got up a quarter pas

24、t seven.考点2:表地点与位置的介词（1） . at和in的区别:at后接小地方，in接大地方。如：1 live in Beijing while he lives at a small village in Yunnan.我住在北京，而他住在云南的一个小村子里。（2） . in, on和to的区别:in表示两个地方是相属关系（即一个小地方属于大地方管辖 ）；on表示两个地方相接（即两个地方是连接在一起的）;to表示两个地方相隔（即两个地方中间是隔开的）。如：Guangdong is in the south of China.广东在中国南部。（广东属于中国的一问部分 ）Guangdon

25、g lies on the east of Guangxi.广东在广西的东部。（广东广西是连接在一起的）China is to the west of Japan.中国在日本的西部。（中国日本隔海相望）（3） . across, through, over 的区别:across指表面上过；through指中间穿过；over指上空飞过。如：The old man went across the road carefully. 老人小心地从路面上走过。The sunlight went into the room through the window.阳光透过窗户进入房间。Look, a bird

26、 is flying over the tall building. 看，一只小鸟正飞过高楼。（4） . in front of 与 in the front of 的区别：in front of指物体外的前面；in the front of指物体内的前部。如：There is a tall tree in front of my house.在我屋前有一颗大树。（树在屋外）Can you see the desk in the front of the classroom?你能看见在教室前面的桌子吗？（桌子在教室里面）（5） . in the wall 与 on the wall; in t

27、he tree 与 on the tree 的区别 :in the wall指在墙里面；on the wall指在墙表面；in the tree指在树上的外来物；on the tree指树上本身长出-的 果实等。如：There is a window in the wall.墙上有个窗户（窗户在墙里面）。A beautiful picture is hanged on the wall. 一幅漂亮的画被挂在墙上（画在墙的表面）。Tom put a bag in the apple tree and then he picked the apples on the tree.汤姆把书包挂在苹果树

28、上，然后摘树上的苹果。（书包是外来物，而苹果是树本身长出来的）（6） . 考点 2 专练：用 at, in, on, to, across, through, over, in front of, in the front of 填空1. I wil l arrive the airport London next Wednesday.2. Hunan is the south of China. But it 's the south of Hubei and the north of Hainan.3. There is a bridge the river. And he oft

29、en walked the bridge to play with his friends.4. At last he walked the forest and saw a village.5. Your mother is looking for you the classroom. You can't stand the classroom to meether. You have to go out to meet her.6. There is a hole the front wall and there is an air conditioner the back wal

30、l.7. Can you see the oranges the tree? Just pick them and put them the bag the tree.考点3.其他常用的介词：(1) . besides, except, but 的区别：besides是指“除外，还有"，表示加的概念；except指“整体中除去一部分”，表示减的概念；but常用于 否定搭配nothing but,或nobody but表示“只有，仅有”的意思。如：I have to learn math, Chinese, politics besides English.我除了英语外还必须学数学，语

31、文，政治。We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.除了星期六和星期天，我们天天要上学。There's nobody but Tom in the classroom.教室里只有汤姆在。(2) . in与with的区别:两者都表示“用 ”，in后接语言，颜色，笔墨等，且 in和后面的名词之间一般没有其他词；with接具体手段与工具。且 with与后面的名词之间一般有其他词。如：He told us the story in English.他用英语给我们讲故事。(in后直+English,中间没其他词)Please col

32、or this cloth in red.请把这块布染成红色。Kate wrote a letter in ink.凯特用墨水写了这封信。He hit my window with a stone.他用石头砸我的窗。(with和stone中间有词a)(3) .表交通方式的介词：一般情况下用by+交通工具的单数名词。要是介词与交通工具的名词间有限定词，则介词不能用by,要用相应的 in 或者 on。具体如下：by bus = onbus; by bike = on bike; by plane = on plane; by train = on - train; by ship = on shi

33、p; by boat = in boat; by car = in car; by subway = in subway。 如：I often go to school by bus .我常常坐公交车上学。(by和bus间没限定词).He went to cinema by bike . = He went to cinema on a bike .他昨晚坐单车去电影院。(前句 by 和 bike 间没限定词，而后句on和bike间有限定词a).(4) . with 和 without :with表示 和一起，具有 ”等意思，without则表示 没有“等意思，与 with相反。如：China

34、 is a country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家I want to go to the park with you.我想和你去公园。Fish will die without water. 没有水鱼就会死。(5) . 考/点 3 专练：用 besides, except, but, in, with, by, on, without 填空1. We need 20 more people to help us Class 1and Class 2.2. I do well in all the subjects English.3. There is

35、 nothing new in the room a TV .4. -What's this English?-It's an apple. Now you can cut it into half a knife.5. Next week I will go to Mount Emei plane. But my parents would like to go there a train.6. You can't go him my permission.考点4:固定搭配agree with 同意give up放弃send for派人去请hear of 听说pay

36、for付钱preferto更喜 欢take off脱下，起飞be full of=be filled with 装满 depend on 取决于on one's way to 在去的路上out of breath上气不接下气to one's surprise 令惊奇的是by the end of 至U 为止 with a smile带着微笑 be made in(from)由 制成 be interested in对感兴趣 in surprise 惊讶地 hear from 收到 来信belong to 属于in the sun在阳光下on duty值日in order to

37、目的是at the same time 同时be busy with 忙于 catch up with 赶上 out of sight 看不见 help with 帮肋in a low voice 小声地laugh at 嘲笑learn from 向 学习at once立亥U,马上in public在公共场所on show=on display 展览 in trouble 有麻烦in a hurry匆忙地at last最后on the left(right)在左(右)边 out of work 失业at the age of在岁时be angry with 对 生气be proud of 对自

38、豪take care of 照顾go in for 从事on the farm 在农场be strict with (in).严格look forward to 期盼thanks to 多亏hand in上交课堂练习一一中考链接()1. Ann is often late school.A. toB. forC. at()2. The teacher will be back an hour.A. inB. afterC. on()3. Tom was born May 3 rd, 1985.A. onB. ofC. at()4. -Would you please put up the pi

39、cture for me?A. With pleasureB. No, thanks()5. Jack China two years.C. That's nothingA. has been in, forB. has been in, sinceC. has come to, for()6. Mr. Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back two weeks.A. forB. afterC. inD. at()7. Japan lies the east of China.A. toB.inC.aboutD.at()8. The thir

40、d girl the left is a famous film star.A. atB.besideC.nexttoD.on()9. My father goes to work his car.A. byB.inC.on()10.Would you please send a doctor? My grandfather is ill.A. awayB.forC.off()11. I'd like a cup of coffee some sugar and milk.A. inB. toC. ofD. with()12. I hear that he will be back t

41、wo weeks 'time.A. atB. inC. afterD. for()13. It's really very kind you to help me with the housework on Sundays.”Said grandma Huang.A. ofB. withC. forD.from()14. Connie arrive _the villagea snowy night.A. at, onB. at, inC. in, atD.in, on()15. It's time_ the weather report. Turn on the ra

42、dio, please.A. toB. inC. atD.for家庭作业()1. Lincoln was born on.A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12()2. A boy can sing the English song very well.A. ten-years-oldB. ten years old C. ten-year-oldD. fifth years old()3. An hour later,minis ter was sent to see

43、 the“ magic cloth " woven by those two men.A. twoB. the secondC. the twoD. Second()4. Abraham Lincoln wasPresident of the United StatesA. 16B. the 16C. 16thD. the 16th()5. The number 4,123 is read.A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B.four thousand and one hundred twenty-threeC. four

44、thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three()6. The old professor still works hard though he is.A. in his sixty B. in his sixtiesC. in sixtiesD. in the sixty( 卜 7. Which of the following is wrong?.A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy.B. He is at the age of 15.来源：C

45、. He is a boy of 15.D. He is fifteen year old.()8. Our school is not very big. There are only students.A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of()9.How many new words are there in lesson?There are only.A. five; fifth B. fifth; fiveC. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; fi

46、veG： ) 10., Coca- Cola began to enter China ' s market.A. In 1970' s B. In 1970sC. In the 1970s' D. In the 1970s()11. On May,people traveled round the country.A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions()12. It took me to get there.A. two h

47、ours and a half B. two hours and half C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half ()13.is less than.A. One-third; two-thirds B. One-third; two-thirdC. First-three; first-threes D. One -t hird; one-three()14. The desks and chairs are made wood. But the paper is made wood.A. from, of B. of, from C. of

48、, of D. from, from()15. China is famous her Great Wall.A. as B. for C. toD. of()16. Thank you very much lending the eraser me.A. for, at B. to, to C. for, to D. to, for()17. No one can stop her leaving for China.A. of B. from C. toD. for()18. Children wake up very early the morning of Christmas Day.

49、A. in B. on C. for D. at()19. Grandma prefers tea coffee. But grandpa prefer coffee milk because it tastesbetter in this way.A. to, with B. to, to C. with, to D. to, in()20. It's time lunch. Lucy and Lily are sitting the table.A. to, at B. at, for C. for, on D. for, at()21. It is dangerous child

50、ren to play fire.A. for, with B. for, / C. to, with D. to, /()22. If you spend more time your study, I am sure you will do well them.A. in, in B. on, on C. on, in D. in, on()23.Marx began to learn Russian his fifties.A. in B. at C. for D. since()24.Our teachers are not only strict their work,but als

51、o strict their students.A. in, with B. with, in C. in, in D. with, with()25.There used to be a hospital our school.A. in the front of B. in front of C. after D. with数词课堂练习答案：1-5: AACBB 6-10: BDCCC 11-15: CDDCB介词课堂练习一一中考链接：1-5: BAAAA 6-10: CADBB 11-15: DBADD家庭作业答案：1. A2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A6. B7. D 8. B

52、 9. D 10. D 11. B12. A 13.A 14. B15. B16. C 17. B 18. B19. A20. D 21. A 22. C 23.A 24. A 25. B一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1 .阅读理解When I was eleven years old, God gave me a gift of happiness and I had a carefree childhood in France.One day, on my way home from school, a truck ran over me and my legs were cut off.

53、As I lay there bleeding, I suddenly realized that I might have to live the rest of my life without legs. How depressed I was at that moment! But then I realized that depression wouldn't get my legs back. So I decided not to waste my life feeling depressed. When my parents arrived at the hospital

54、, they stood there quietly, looked so shocked and sad. I told them, already accepted the fact. Now you also have to g et used to this. ”Ever since then, I often see my friends getting worried about little things: their bus comes late; they get bad grades on a test. But I just enjoy life.I am lucky t

55、o realize that it is a waste of energy to focus on what you have lost, and that the key to happiness is to take pleasure in what you have. Sounds simple, doesn't it? So why are many people unhappy?People often think happiness is based on what they achieve." My whole life would improve if I

56、had a newBut when you get the car and what happens? For a whole week you are walking on air. Then you go right back to being unhappy.Happiness is not a happening; it's a state of mind. Even though you have the whole world and you'll still be unsatisfied. And you have relatively( 相对地)little but feel full of joy. Happiness comes from mastering the art of enjoying and taking pleasure in what you already have.11) After the accident, the author