英语词汇学试题复习参考

1、英语词汇学试题IntroductionandChapter1BasicConceptsofWordsandVocabulary（练习1）I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.1. Morphologyisthebranchofgrammarwhichstudiesthestructureorformsofwords,primarilythroughtheuseofconstruct.A.wordB.formC.morph

2、emeD.root2. istraditionallyusedforthestudyoftheoriginsandhistoryoftheformandmeaningofwords.A.SemanticsB.LinguisticsC.EtymologyD.Stylistics3. ModernEnglishisderivedfromtheIanguageofearlytribes.A.GreekB.RomanC.ItalianD.Germanic4. Semanticsisthestudyofmeaningofdifferentlevels:lexis,syntax,utteranee,dis

3、course,etc.A.linguisticB.grammaticalC.arbitraryD.semantic5.Stylisticsisthestudyofstyle.ItisconcernedwiththeuserschoicesoflinguisticelementsinaparticularforspecialeffectsA.situationB.contextC.timeD.place6. Lexicographyshareswithlexicologythesameproblems:theform,meaning,originsandusagesofwords,butthey

4、haveadifferenee.A.spellingB.semanticC.pronunciationD.pragmatic7. Terminologyconsistsoftermsusedinparticulardisciplinesandacademicareas.A.technicalB.artisticC.differentD.academic8. referstothespecializedvocabulariesbywhichmembersofparticulararts,sciences,trades,andprofessionscommunicateamongthemselve

5、s.A.SlangB.JargonC.DialectalwordsD.Argot9. .belongstothesub-standardIanguage,acategorythatseemstostandbetweenthestandardgeneralwordsincludinginformalonesavailabletoeveryoneandin-groupwords.A.JargonB.ArgotC.DialectalwordsD.Slang10. Argotgenerallyreferstothejargonof.Itsuseisconfinedtothesub-culturalgr

6、oupsandoutsiderscanhardlyunderstandit.A.workersB.criminalsC.anypersonD.policemanA.ArgotB.Slang11. arewordsusedonlybyspeakersofthedialectinquestion.C.JargonD.Dialectalwords12. Archaismsarewordsorformsthatwereonceinusebutarenowrestrictedonlytospecializedorlimiteduse.A.commonB.littleC.slight13. Neologi

7、smsarenewly-createdmeanings.A.newB.oldC.bad14. Contentwordsdenoteclearnotionsverbs,adjectives,adverbsandnumerals.D.greatwordsorexpressions,D.goodandthusareknownasorwordsthathavetakenonwords.Theyincludenouns,D.formalA.functionalB.notionalC.empty15.Functionalwordsdonothavenotionsoftheirown.Therefore,t

8、heyarealsocalledandarticlesbelongtothiscategory.accordingtothecourseofwords.words.Prepositions,conjunctions,auxiliariesA.contentB.notionalC.emptyD.newII.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsbook.16.Lexicologyisabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheoriginsand17.aimsatinvestigating

9、andstrwucotrudreseqoufiEvanlgelishntsw,ortdhseirsemantics,relations,18.Englishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingdevelopment,formationandthe19.20.Englishlexicologyembracesotheracademicdisciplines,suchasmorphology,etymology,stylistics,.Therearegenerallytwoapproachestothestudyofwords,namelysynchr

10、onicandLanguagestudyinvolvesthestudyofspeechsounds,grammarandIII.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto1)basicwordstockandnonbasicvocabulary2)contentwordsandfunctionalwords3)nativewordsandborrowedwords4)characteristicsofthebasicwordstock.21.Stability()A.E-mail22.Collocbilit

11、y()B.aught23. Jargon()24. Argot()25. Notionalwords(26. Neologisms()27. Aliens()28. Semantic-loans(29. Archaisms()30. Emptywords()IV.StudythefollowingC. porD. uponE. hypoF. atheartG. manH. dipI. freshJ. emirwordsorexpressionsandidentify1)characteristicsofthebasicwordstock2)typesofnonbasicvocabulary.3

12、1.dogcheap(33.can-opener(35.bottomline(37.auld()39.brethren()32achangeofheart()34.Roger36.penicillin38.futurology40.takeV.Definethefollowingterms.41.word42.Denizens43.Aliens44.Translation-loans45.Semantic-loansVI.AnswerthefollowingQuestions1. .Illustratetherelationshipbetweensoundandmeaning,soundand

13、formwithexamples.47. Whatarethemaincharacteristicsofthebasicword-stock?Illustrateyourpointswithexamples.48. Givethetypesofnonbasicvocabularywithexamples.VII.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.49. Classifythefollowingwordsandpointoutthetypesofwordsaccordingtonotion.earth,cloud,run,walk,on,of,upon,be,fre

14、quently,the,five,but,a,never.50. GroupthefollowingborrowedwordsintoDenizens,Aliens,Translation-loans,Semantic-loans.Dream,pioneer,kowtow,bazaar,lama,master-piece,port,shirtKeytoExercises:I. 1.A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B11.D12.A13.A14.B15.CII. 16.meanings17.morphological,historical,usages18.semanti

15、cs,Iexicography19.diachronic20.vocabularyIII. 21.G22.F23.E24.H25.C26.A27.J28.I29.B30.DIV. 31.thebasicwordstock;productivity32. thebasicwordstock;collocability33. thebasicwordstock;argot34. nonbasicwordstock;slang35. nonbasicwordstock;jargon36. nonbasicwordstock;terminology37. nonbasicwordstock;diale

16、ctalwords38. nonbasicwordstock,neologisms39. nonbasicwordstock;archaisms40. thebasicwordstock;polysemyVVI.(seethecoursebook)VII.49.Contentwords:earth,clould,run,walk,frequently,never,fiveFunctionalwords:on,of,upon,be,the,but,a.50.Denizens:port,shirt,Aliens:bazaar,kowtowTranslation-loans:lama,masterp

17、ieceSemantic-loans:dream,pioneerChapter2TheDevelopmentoftheEnglishVocabularyandChapter3WordFormationI(练习2)1. Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.2. Itisassumedthattheworldhasapproximately3,000(someputit5,000)languages,whichcanbegro

18、upedintothebasisofsimilaritiesintheirbasicwordstockandgrammar.A.500B.4000C.300D.20003. TheprehistoricIndo-Europeanparentlanguageisthoughttobeahighly_Ianguage.A.inflectedB.derivedC.developedD.analyzed4. Afterthe,theGermanictribescalledAngles,Saxons,andJutescameingreatnumbers.A.GreeksB.IndiansC.Romans

19、D.French5. TheintroductionofhadagreatimpactontheEnglishvocabulary.A.HinduismB.ChristianityC.BuddhismD.Islamism6. Inthe9thcenturythelandwasinvadedagainbyNorwegianandDanishVikings.Withtheinvaders,manywordscameintotheEnglishIanguage.A.GreekB.RomanC.CelticD.Scandinavian7. Itisestimatedthatatleastwordsof

20、ScandinavianoriginhavesurvivedinmodernEnglish.A.500B.800C.1000?D.9008. TheNormansinvadedEnglandfromFrancein1066.TheNormanConqueststartedacontinualflowofwordsintoEnglish.A.FrenchB.GreekC.RomanD.Latin9. Bytheendofthecentury,Englishgraduallycamebackintotheschools,thelawcourts,andgovernmentandregainedso

21、cialstatus.ththththA.12B.13C.14D.1510. Asaresult,CelticmadeonlyacontributiontotheEnglishvocabulary.A.smallB.bigC.greatD.smaller11. TheBalto-SlaviccomprisessuchmodernIanguagesasPrussian,Lithuanian,Polish,Czech,Bulgarian,Slovenianand.A.GreekB.RomanC.IndianD.Russian12. IntheIndo-IranianwehavePersian,Be

22、ngali,Hindi,Romany,thelastthreeofwhicharederivedfromthedeadIanguage.A.SanskritB.LatinC.RomanD.Greek13. GreekisthemodernIanguagederivedfrom.A.LatinB.HellenicC.IndianD.Germanic14. ThefiveRoamaneeIanguages,namely,Portuguese,Spanish,French,Italian,RomanianallbelongtotheItalicthroughanintermediateIanguag

23、ecalled.A.SanskritB.LatinC.CelticD.Anglo-Saxon15. ThefamilyconsistsofthefourNorthernEuropeanLanguages:Norwegian,Icelandic,DanishandSwedish,whicharegenerallyknownasScandinavianIanguages.A.GermanicB.Indo-EuropeanC.AlbanianD.Hellenic16. Bytheendofthecentury,virtuallyallofthepeoplewhoheldpoliticalorsoci

24、alpowerandmanyofthoseinpowerfulChurchpositionswereofNormanFrenchorigin.A.10thB.11thC.12thD.13th11. Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.17. NowpeoplegenerallyrefertoAnglo-Saxonas.18. .IfwesaythatOldEnglishwasaIanguageoffullendings,MiddleEnglishwasoneof19

25、. ItcanbeconcludedthatEnglishhasevokedfromasyntheticIanguage(OldEnglish)tothepresentIanguage.20. ThesurvivingIanguagesaccordinglyfallintoeightprincipalgroups,whichcanbegroupedintoanEasternset:Balto-Slavic,Indo-Iranian,ArmenianandAlbanian;aWesternset:Celtic,Italic,Hellenic,.21. Itisnecessarytosubdivi

26、deModernEnglishintoEarly(1500-1700)andModernEnglish.III.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto1)originofthewords2)historyoffEnglishdevelopment3)Ianguagefamily.A22. CelticA.politics23. religiousB.m24. ScandinaviaoonC.Persian25. .FrenchD.London25. OldEnglish()E.abbot26. Dutch

27、()F.skirt27. MiddleEnglish()G.sunu28. ModernEnglish()H.lernen29. Germanicfamily()I.freight)J.30. Sanskrit(NorwegianIV.Studythefollowingwordsorexpressionsandidentifytypesofmorphemesunderlined.31. earth()32.contradict()33. predictor()34.radios()35. prewar()36.happiest()37. antecedent()38.northward()38

28、. sun()40.diction()V.Definethefollowingterms.41.freemorphemes42.boundmorphemes43.root44.stem45.affixesVI.Answerthefollowingquestions.Youranswersshouldbeclearandshort.46. DescribethecharacteristicsofOldEnglish.47. DescribethecharacteristicsofMiddleEnglish.48. DescribethecharacteristicsofModernEnglish

29、.VII.Answerthefollowingquestionswithexamples.49. Whatarethethreemainsourcesofnewwords50. HowdoesthemodernEnglishvocabularydevelop?Keytoexercises:I. 1.C2.A3.C4.B5.D6.D7.A8.B9.A10.D11.A12.B13.B14.A15.BII. 16.OldEnglish17.Leveledendings18.analytic19.Germanic20.Late(1700-uptothepresent)III. 21.D22.E23.F

30、24.A25.G26.I27.H28.B29.J30.CIV. 31.freemorpheme/freeroot32.boundroot33.suffix34.inflectionalaffix35.prefix36.Inflectionalaffix37.prefix38.suffix39.freemorpheme/freeroot40.boundrootV.-VI(Seethecoursebook)VII.49.Thethreemainsourcesofnewwordsare:(1) Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscieneeandtechnology,e.g.a

31、strobiology,greenrevolution;(2) Social,economicandpoliticalchanges;e.g.Watergate,soymilk;(3) TheinflueneeofotherculturesandIanguage;e.g.felafel,NehruJackets.50.ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthreechannels:(1)creation,e.g.consideration,carefuIness;(2)semanticchange,e.g.Polysemy,homonymy;(3)bor

32、rowing;e.g.tofu,gongful.Chapter3TheDevelopmentoftheEnglishVocabularyandChapter4WordFormationII(练习3)I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.1. Theprefixesinthewordsofirresistible,nonclassicalandapoliticalarecalled.A.reversativeprefixe

33、sB.negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixes2. Theprefixescontainedinthefollowingwordsarecalledmistrust.:pseudo-friend,malpractice,A.reversativeprefixedprefixes3. TheprefixedcontainedinA. reversativeprefixedB. negativeprefixesC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeunwrap,de-composeanddisalloware

34、B. negativeprefixesC. pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixes4. Theprefixesinwordsextra-strong,overweightandarchbishopareA.negativeprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.pejorativeprefixesD.locativeprefixes5. Theprefixesinwordsbilingual,uniformandhemisphereare.A.numberprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.pejor

35、ativeprefixesD.locativeprefixes6. arecontainedinwordstrans-world,intra-partyandforehead.A.PrefixesoforientationandattitudeB.PrefixesoftimeandorderC.LocativeprefixesD.Prefixesofdegreeorsize7. Rugby,afghanandchampagnearewordscomingfrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenames8. Omega,X

36、eroxandorlonarewordsfrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenames9. Ex-student,foretellandpost-electioncontain.A.negativeprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.prefixesoftimeandorderD.locativeprefixes10. Mackintosh,bloomersandcherubarefromA.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.trad

37、enames11. Theprefixesinwordsnew-Nazi,autobiographyandpan-EuropeanareA.negativeprefixesB.prefixesofdegreeorsizeC.prefixesoftimeandorderD.miscellaneousprefixes12. Theprefixesinwordsanti-government,prostudentandcontraflowareA.prefixesofdegreeorsizeB.prefixesoforientationandattitudeC.prefixesoftimeandor

38、derD.miscellaneousprefixes13. Utopia,odysseyandBabbitarewordsfrom.A.namesofbooksB.namesofplacesC.namesofpeopleD.tradenames14. Thesuffixesinwordsclockwise,homewardsare.A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffixesC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixes15. Thesuffixesinwordsheighten,symbolizeare.A.nounsuffixesB.verbsuffix

39、esC.adverbsuffixesD.adjectivesuffixes11. Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.16. Affixationisgenerallydefinedastheformationofwordsbyaddingword-formingorderivationalaffixestostem.Thisprocessisalsoknownas.17. Compounding,alsocalled,istheformationofnewword

40、sbyjoiningtwoormorestems.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalled.18. istheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.19. istheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotherword.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalledblendsorwords.20. AcommonwayofmakingawordistoshortenaIongerwor

41、dbycuttingapartofftheoriginalandusingwhatremainsinstead.Thisiscalled.III.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingtotypesofsuffixation.21. ConcretedenominalnounsuffixesA.pricelessB.downwardC.engineer22. Abstractdenominalnounsuffixes23. Deverbalnounsuffixes(denotingpeople.)24. De

42、verbalnounssuffixes(denotingaction,25. De-adjectivenounsuffixes26. Nounandadjectivesuffixes27. Denominaladjectivesuffixes28. Deverbaladjectivesuffixes29. Adverbsuffixes30. Verbsuffixesetc)D.darkenEviolinist(F.happiness(G.arguableH.depe)I.adulthood)J.survivalwordsorexpressionsandidentify1) typesofcli

43、pping2) typesIV.oSftuadcyrothneymfoylloawndingwritethefullterms.31.quake()32.stereo(36.V-day()37.TB()38.disco(V.Definethefollowingterms.41.acronymy42.back-formationsuffixation)33.flu()34.pub()35.c/o)39.copter()40.perm(43. initialisms44. prefixation45.VI.Answerthefollowingquestionswithexamples.46. Wh

44、atarethecharacteristicsofcompounds?47. Whatarethemaintypesofblendings?48. Whatarethemaintypesofcompounds?VII.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing:49. Usethefollowingexamplestoexplainthetypesofback-formation.(1) donatedonationemoteemotion(2) loafloaferbegbeggar(3) eavesdrop-eavesdroppingbabysit-babysitter

45、(4) drowsedrowsylaze-lazy50.Readthefollowingsentenceandidentifythetypesofconversionoftheitalicizedwords.(1) Imverygratefulforyourhelp.(2) Therichmusthelpthepoor.(3)Hisargumentcontainstoomanyifsandbuts.(4)Theyarebetterhousedandclothed.(5) Thephotographyellowedwithage.(6)Wedownedafewbeers.Keytoexercis

46、es:1.B2.C3.A4.B5.A6.C7.B8.D9.C10.C11.D12.B13.A14.C15.BII.16.derivationposition,compounds18.Conversion19.Blending(pormanteau)20.clippingIII .21.C22.I23.H24.J25.F26.E27.A28.G29.B30.DIV .31.Frontclipping,earthquake32. Backclipping,stereophonic33. Frontandbackclipping,influenza34. Phraseclipping,publich

47、ouse35. Initialisms,careof36. Acronyms,VictoryDay37. Initialisms,tuberculosis38. Backclipping,discotheque39. Frontclipping,helicopter40. Phraseclipping,permanentwavesV-VI.(Seethecoursebook)VII.49.Therearemainlyfourtypesofback-formation.(1)Fromabstractnouns(2)Fromhumannouns(3)Fromcompoundnounsandothe

48、rs(4)Fromadjectives50.(1)Verbtonoun(2)Adjectivetonoun(3)Miscellaneousconversiontonoun(4)Nountoverb(5)Adjective(6)MiscellaneousconversiontoverbChapter5WordMeaning(练习4)I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatement.1. Awordisthecombinationoff

49、ormandA.spellingB.writingC.meaningD.denoting2. istheresultofhumancognition,reflectingtheobjectiveworldinthehumamind.A.RefereneeB.ConceptC.SenseD.Context3. SensedenotestherelationshipstheIanguage.A.outsideB.withC.beyondD.inside4. MostEnglishwordscanbesaidtobe.A.non-motivatedB.motivatedC.connectedD.re

50、lated5. Trumpetisa(n)motivatedword.6. A.morphologicallyB.s_emmoativnatitceadllywCor.do.nomatopoeicallyD.etymologicallyHopelessisB. onomatopoeicallyC.semanticallyD.etymologically7.8.A.morphologicallyHeisfondofpenIAn.thmeosrpehnotelongciecallyB.onomatopoeicallyWalkmanisamotivatedword.A.onomatopoeicall

51、yB.morphologically,penisamotivatedword.C.semanticallyD.etymologicallyC.semanticallyD.etymologically9.Functionalwordspossessstrong_whereascontentwordshavebothmeanings,andlexicalmeaninginparticular.A.grammaticalmeaningB.conceptualmeaningC. associativemeaningD.arbitrarymeaning10.isunstable,varyingconsi

52、derablyaccordingtoculture,historicalperiod,andtheexperieneeoftheindividual.A.StylisticmeaningB.ConnotativemeaningC.CollocativemeaningD.Affectivemeaning11. Affectivemeaningindicatesthespeakerstowardsthepersonorthinginquestion.A.feeling.B.likingC.attitudeD.understanding12. areaffectivewordsastheyareex

53、pressionsofemotionssuchasoh,dearme,alas.A.PrepositionsB.InterjectionsC.ExclamationsD.Explanations13. Itisnoticeablethatoverlapswithstylisticandaffectivemeaningsbecauseinasensebothstylisticandaffectivemeaningsarerevealedbymeansofcollocations.A.conceptualmeaningB.grammaticalmeaningC.lexicalmeaningD.co

54、llocativemeaning14.1 nthesameIanguage,thesameconceptcanbeexpressedin.A.onlyonewordB.twowordsC.morethanthreeD.differentwords15. RefereneeistherelationshipbetweenIanguageandthe.A.speakersB.listenersC.worldD.specificcountry11. Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecour

55、sebook.16. InmodernEnglishonemayfindsomewordswhosesoundssuggesttheir17. Compoundsandderivedwordsarewordsandthemeaningsofmanyarethesumtotalofthemorphemescombined.18. referstothementalassociationssuggestedbytheconceptualmeaningofaword.19. Themeaningsofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheir.Inotherwordsth

56、ehistoryofthewordexplainsthemeaningoftheword.20. Lexicalmeaningitselfhastwocomponents:conceptualmeaningand.III.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto1)typesofmotivation2)typesofmeaning.)A.tremblewithfearB.skinny)C.slender)D.hiss)E.laconic)F.sun(aheavenlybody)()G.airmail)H.home)I.horseandplug)J.penandaword21. Onomotopooeicmotivation(22. Collocativemeaning()23. Morphol