高中英语选修八第四单元原创

1、Unit 4 PygmalionLanguage pointshesitate_ sth迟疑做某事hesitate_ sth 做犹豫不决_hesitation毫不犹豫have no hesitation_ doing sth 毫不犹豫做某事to_doabout/overwithoutin1.hesitate vi. 犹豫；踌躇 活学活用 (1)完成句子 He accepted the invitation _ _.(hesitate) 他毫不犹豫地接受了邀请。 Do you still _ _ _ a new car？(buy) 对于买新车一事，你还在犹豫不决吗？ 答案：without hes

2、itationhesitate about buying直通高考看看高考怎么考(1)Whenever you are in trouble，dont hesitate_me for help.(2012长沙模拟)Aasking Bto ask Cin asking Dto asking答案B2. disguise n. 伪装 vt.伪装；假扮 in disguise a wolf in disguise a blessing in disguise I had to get out of that house in disguise.伪装的披着羊皮的狼, 被伪装的狼 因祸得福 我不得不化装离开

3、那屋子。3. mistaken adj.( (见解或判断上见解或判断上) )错误的；不正确的错误的；不正确的mistaken不能用不能用very，much，fairly，rather等等修饰，只能用修饰，只能用quite或或completely修饰。修饰。be mistaken about误解误解；对；对持有错误持有错误的见解的见解be mistaken_doing sth.做某事是错误的做某事是错误的mistake._.把把错当作错当作by mistake错误地；弄错错误地；弄错infor 夯实基础(1)语法填空语法填空I think she is mistaken you.She is m

4、istaken thinking that the report was written last year.I took your umbrella mistake.I mistook you Tom. _about you，I made an apology to you.aboutinbyforI was mistaken about you so I made an apology to you.Mistaken1. Im _ about it. Please forgive me. A. curious B. worried C. particular D. mistaken2. T

5、he twins are so alike that even their parents mistake one _ another. A. by B. to C. for D. from单项填空单项填空4 classify vt. 编排；把编排；把分类；把分类；把归类归类classify sb. /sth. as把把.归类为归类为 in/into.把把.分为分为. Would you classify her novels serious literature or other？ 你认为她的小说属于严肃文学类你认为她的小说属于严肃文学类, 还是其他类？还是其他类？The documents

6、 were classified _ then four groups. 文件被分为四类。文件被分为四类。as into classified adj. classification n. classic adj. n. classical adj. 分类的分类，类别，种类经典的，第一流的经典著作古典的单项填空单项填空1. Students are _ into grades, according to how much they know and how old they are. A. classified B. combined C. listed D. made2. The infor

7、mation is _. Only the president can see it. A. classifying B. classified C. classify D. to classify完成句子完成句子1. People who work in libraries spend a lot of time _ (分类分类) books.classifying5. remark n.谈论；言论谈论；言论,评述；评述；v.评论；谈论；说评论；谈论；说起起remarkable，非凡的；显著的非凡的；显著的distinguished，excellent, brilliantremark on

8、/upon /about sth.评论评论/谈论某事谈论某事remark that.谈到谈到/说起说起She has made outspoken remarks about it.I remarked that I would go shopping that afternoon.我说过我那天下午要去购物。我说过我那天下午要去购物。6.betray vt. 出卖；背叛；显露出(本来面目) betraysth./sb.to. betrayn.(to be)/that betray ones country to the enemy betray state secrets betray a s

9、ecret to sb. betray ones trust betray oneself betrayal n. a betrayal of my principles an act of betrayal向出卖/背叛某事/某人无意中显示；暴露卖国；做卖国贼泄露国家机密向某人泄露秘密辜负某人的信任暴露本来面目；原形毕露背叛；出卖对我的原则的背弃行为背叛的行为 In failing to return the money he betrayed our trust. His voice betrayed the worry he was trying to hide. His accent a

10、t once betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner.他未能归还那笔钱从而辜负了我们的信任。他的声音掩盖不了他内心的担忧。他的口音立即显现出他是一个外国人的事实。 注意：betray的用法和意思与give away相近。如： He gave away the state secrets to the enemy. 他向敌人泄露了国家机密。 His accent gave him away. 他的口音把他暴露了。 7.condemn vt. 判刑；判处(某人某种刑罚)；声讨； 谴责；迫使接受困境 (1)condemn sb./sth. for sth.

11、 condemn sb. to do sth. condemn sb.s behaviour Condemn/sentence sb. to death由于某事而谴责某人或某事使某人注定要做某事谴责某人的举动判某人死刑 1) 他腿脚不好他腿脚不好,不得不长期坐轮椅。不得不长期坐轮椅。 His bad leg condemned him to a wheelchair 2) 他让她过着痛苦的生活。他让她过着痛苦的生活。 He condemned her to lead a miserable life. 3) He is an unhappy worker, condemned to a job

12、 that he hates. 他是个闷闷不乐的工作者，无可奈何地做他讨他是个闷闷不乐的工作者，无可奈何地做他讨厌的工作厌的工作 4) 大部分人谴责任何形式的暴力行为。大部分人谴责任何形式的暴力行为。 Most people condemn any sort of violence 5) The September 11 attack has been A_ by the entire international community. A. condemned B. scolded C. criticized D. blamed 比较网站 condemn, scold, blame与accus

13、e (1)condemn正式用词，表示谴责，有较强的司法意味，侧重从道义或原则上的谴责。 We condemn cruelty and cruel people. (2)scold普通用词，多指上级对下级、长辈对后辈或雇主对雇员的态度粗暴、言词激烈的数落。 Did you scold her for breaking it?我们谴责残忍行为和残忍的人。她把那件东西打破了， 你骂她了吗？ (3)blame普通用词，语气较弱，仅是一般的责难、归咎于，不含用语言责骂之意。 She blamed him for the failure of their marriage/blamed the fail

14、ure of their marriage on him. 。 (4)accuse语气比blame强，本义为归罪，可用作指非难或谴责之义。 Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes. 。她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他人类常把自己的不幸归咎于天8. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, the girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 可是可是,先

15、生先生(自豪地自豪地), 一旦那个女孩被教一旦那个女孩被教会说正确的英语会说正确的英语, 她就能够在三个月后她就能够在三个月后由一位大使举办的舞会上冒充一位女由一位大使举办的舞会上冒充一位女公爵。公爵。 pass off as 冒充冒充1.He passed his secretary off as wife. 2.She passed herself off as an American. 。她冒充是美国人她冒充是美国人他把秘书冒充他的妻子。他把秘书冒充他的妻子。 pass off 停止停止; 顺利地举行顺利地举行; 躲开躲开 pass by 走过走过; 不理会不理会 pass on 传递传

16、递 pass through 通过通过, pass away 去世去世The storm will pass off before dark.The meeting passed off very well.Seeing that the story had given offence to some people, he attempted to pass it off with a joke.9.acquaintance n. 相识；了解；熟人相识；了解；熟人make the acquaintance _ sb. 结识某人结识某人_ first acquaintance 初次见面初次见面a

17、cquaintance _ sth. /sb. 对某事物对某事物/某人了解某人了解ofonwithI made his acquaintance at a party. =I made the acquaintance of him at a party. He has some little acquaintance with the language. 。Even on first acquaintance it was clear that he was a man of rich experience. 我是在一个聚会上认识他的。我是在一个聚会上认识他的。他稍微会一点儿这种语言他稍微会

18、一点儿这种语言初次见面就看出他显然是经验丰富的人。初次见面就看出他显然是经验丰富的人。 知识拓展 acquaint vt.使熟悉；了解 be acquainted withbe familiar with对熟悉 He quickly acquainted himself with the facts of the case.他很快熟悉了案情10. fortune U 成功；运气；成功；运气；C 未来的命运；财富；大笔的钱未来的命运；财富；大笔的钱good fortunemake a fortunetry ones fortunefame and fortuneseek ones fortune

19、tell ones fortune 好财运，好运；顺景发财，赚大钱 碰运气名声与财富算命寻找发迹的机会；寻出路 be fortunate to do sth. / in doing sth. 幸运地做某事幸运地做某事 (3)fortunately adv. 幸运地幸运地 _,the fire was discovered soon after it had started. 幸好火势刚起就立即被发现了。幸好火势刚起就立即被发现了。Now many villagers go to the big cities to _ _ _. 现在很多村民去大城市碰运气。现在很多村民去大城市碰运气。She i

20、s _ in having such a kind husband. 她有这样一位好心的丈夫她有这样一位好心的丈夫, 真是幸运。真是幸运。try theirfortunefortunate【高考链接高考链接】(2010全国卷全国卷)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _ . A. is made B. would makeC. was to be made D. had made【解析解析】选选C。根据句中的谓语动词。根据句中的谓语动词led可知此句叙述的事情可知此句叙述的事情与过

21、去有关与过去有关, 故首先排除故首先排除A。make a fortune表示表示“发财发财”, 由由此可知从句中的主语此可知从句中的主语a fortune与与make之间应是被动关系之间应是被动关系, 故故选选C项。项。was/were to be done属于过去将来被动的一种形式。属于过去将来被动的一种形式。11. generally speaking 一般来说一般来说(2012安徽高考安徽高考)The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth. 一般来说一般来说, 一个人的智力极限在刚

22、出生时就决定了。一个人的智力极限在刚出生时就决定了。_ _, women love children better than men do. 一般来说一般来说, 女人比男人更爱孩子。女人比男人更爱孩子。Generally speakingin general【拓展拓展】_ speaking 严格地说严格地说_ speaking 就个人而言就个人而言_ speaking 坦率地说坦率地说_ speaking 诚实地说诚实地说strictlypersonallyfranklyhonestly12. superior adj. n.a superior grade of coffee. Sbs su

23、perior mannerMy superior officer高级咖啡高级咖啡高傲行为高傲行为我的上级军官我的上级军官 This carpet is far superior to that one in quality. He is superior to bribery. 这块地毯在质量上比那块好。这块地毯在质量上比那块好。他对于受贿很有一套。他对于受贿很有一套。 be superior/inferior to . 比.优越 be senior/junior to.比大/年长单项填空单项填空1. Many people think him superior _ Tom as a teac

24、her. A. for B. with C. to D. about2. He had received an urgent order from his _. He immediately carried it out. A. students B. colleagues C. servants D. superiors完成句子完成句子1. A schoolmaster is a teachers _ (上级上级).2. The student is _ his deskmate in quality.superiorsuperior to13. in terms of. . . 就就来说；

25、从来说；从角度角度In terms of natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in Western Europe. 从自然资源来看从自然资源来看, 它是西欧最穷的国家之一。它是西欧最穷的国家之一。_ _ _ money, some are quite rich. 从金钱的角度上说从金钱的角度上说, 有些人非常富有。有些人非常富有。ofInterms in the short term/run 从短期看 in the long term/run 从长远看 14.rob vt. 抢劫；盗窃；剥夺 rob sb _ sth. s

26、teal sth from sb. robber n robbery n抢劫某人某物抢劫某人某物抢劫者；强盗；抢劫；盗窃；偷盗；偷某人的东西ofThe bank at the corner was robbed last night.They knocked the driver down and robbed him of his car.They robbed the people of their liberty. The robbery occurred in broad daylight. (2)The illness _ little Tom of a normal childho

27、od and his happiness. Arobbed Baccused Cconvinced Dassured 答案：A句意：疾病使小汤姆失去了一个正常的童年，也失去了快乐。rob sb. of sth.“使某人丧失某物”，符合题意。accuse sb. of sth.“因某事控告某人”；convince sb. of sth.“使某人相信某事”；assure sb. of sth.“向某人保证某事”。 活学活用 (1)完成句子 他从商店偷了些珠宝。 He _ some jewelry _ the shop. 他们夺走了我的自由。 They _ me _ my liberty. 答案：s

28、tole; fromrobbed; of14 convince vt. 使相信使相信; 信服信服; 说服说服convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事说服某人做某事convince sb. of sth/that从句从句 使某人确信某事使某人确信某事He convinced me that I should study law. We convinced him to go by train rather thanplane.adj. convinced 确信的；深信的。确信的；深信的。be convinced that / ofadj. convincing 有说服力的有说

29、服力的练习：练习：1. I was convinced _ he knew the truth.2. I couldnt convince him _ his mistake.3. The doctor convinced me _ stop smoking.4. The more he said, the less _ he was.thatoftoconvincing考例考例 Scientists are convinced _ the possible effect of laughter _ physical and mental health. (江西江西 2007)A. of; a

30、t B. by; inC. of; on D. on; at点拨点拨 根据搭配根据搭配be convinced of .和和effect on .可知可知选选C。2. Colonel Pickering (P): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins who sets him a task. 皮克林上校皮克林上校(简称简称P):陆军军官陆军军官, 后来成为希金斯的后来成为希金斯的朋友。希金斯给他安排了一项任务。朋友。希金斯给他安排了一项任务。15 officer与与official officer 指军官指军官 officia

31、l 官员官员, “ 官方的官方的, 正式的正式的”。 The officers live at headquarters and the soldiers live in the camps. The president and his ministers are government officials. 军官住在总部军官住在总部,士兵住在军营。士兵住在军营。总统和部长为政府高级官员。总统和部长为政府高级官员。16 set (1) vt.安排安排; 布置布置(岗哨岗哨); 定定(时间、标时间、标准准)；创造；创造(记录记录);专心于专心于Set guards around the gate.

32、 The time and date of the meeting have not yet been set. 布置布置(岗哨岗哨);定定(时间、标准时间、标准)； He set a new record. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 创造创造(记录记录)专心于专心于世上无难事世上无难事, 只怕有心人。只怕有心人。(2) I opened the cage and set the bird free. 。 A spark set the woods on fire. vt. 使使做某事做

33、某事;使使处于某种状态处于某种状态我把鸟笼打开我把鸟笼打开,让鸟自由飞翔让鸟自由飞翔星星之火使整个森林燃烧起来。星星之火使整个森林燃烧起来。(3) vi. It will be cooler when the sun has set. (4) I bought a set of Lu Xuns short stories. I need a radio set. (日、月等日、月等) 下落；下沉下落；下沉n.一套，一组；电器设一套，一组；电器设备备set off 出发出发, 动身动身 set out 出发出发, 着手着手 set about 开始开始,着手着手set up 建立建立, 成立成立

34、 set sb.a good example 为某人树立好榜样为某人树立好榜样17. hand over把把移交；交出移交；交出hand downhand inhand outhand onat handhand up传给传给(后代后代)；把某事物传下去；把某事物传下去上交上交颁发；分发；施舍颁发；分发；施舍传递下去传递下去(时间或空间上时间或空间上)尽在手边，在附近，即将到来尽在手边，在附近，即将到来举手举手He also handed over a letter of apology from the Prime Minister.他还递交了一封首相写的道歉信。他还递交了一封首相写的道歉信

35、。They would just catch the robbers and hand them over to the police.他们会抓住抢劫犯，并把他们交给警方。他们会抓住抢劫犯，并把他们交给警方。It is certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over 夯实基础选择方框内的短语填空选择方框内的短语填空hand out，on hand，hand over，at hand，hand down(1)I w

36、ouldnt dare this project to anyone else.(3)He the books to everyone in the class.(4)This recipe has been through generations.(5)Recent economic performance suggests that a major crisis is .at handhandoverhanded outhanded down18. What if I was? 如果我是又怎样呢？如果我是又怎样呢？ 此句为省略句。原句为此句为省略句。原句为: What if I was b

37、orn in? What if意思为意思为“要是要是又又会怎样？会怎样？”。 19.fancyThats a very fancy pair of shoes!那是一双非常别致的鞋！adj. 绚丽的，花哨的；n& v想像(力)；幻想，想要，爱好,自以为是 Did I really hear a voice or was it only my fancy? 我是真的听到了声音还是我的幻觉而已？ I have a fancy for some wine tonight. 我今晚想喝点酒。 Do you fancy going out this evening? 今晚你想不想出去？ He fanci

38、es himself(as)the fastest swimmer. 他自以为是游泳游得最快的人。 活学活用 Can you fancy her _such rude things? Ato sayBsaying Csaid Dsay 答案：B句意：你能想象她说出这样粗鲁的话吗？ fancy表示“想象”，后接动名词担任宾语，不接不定式。 19compromise n. &v.妥协；和解；让步；We can not compromise on such terms. Unless a compromise is reached, there will be a strike.我们不能因为这样的条

39、件妥协。除非彼此能妥协，否则将有一场罢 知识拓展 (1)reach a compromise make a compromise compromise with sb. compromise on sth. After lengthy talks the two sides finally reached a compromise.达成妥协作出让步与某人和解以折衷方法解决争论、争端等。双方经过长期商谈终于达成了妥协。 Its wise of you to compromise with her. We are not prepared to compromise on safety stand

40、ards.你和她妥协是明智之举。我们不愿在安全标准问题上妥协。 20overlook vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会 overlook the garden. 俯瞰花园。 He seemed to have overlooked one important fact. 他似乎忽略了一个重要事实。 He has been overlooked for promotion several times. 几次晋级都没考虑他。 比较网站 overlook, ignore，neglect常指由于匆忙或没注意到而忽视overlook指故意地不理睬某人、某物ignoreneglect 指疏忽指疏忽 用overlook, ignore, neglect填空 These ideas have been _ by modern historians. He has been kind enough to _ my fault. She saw him coming but she _ himneglectedoverlookignored 21fade vi.& vt.(使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失；凋落 Flowers soon faded when they have been cut. 。 The colo