新概念英语二 45

1、词汇学习 WORD STUDY1steal与robsteal指“偷盗”、“窃取”，其行为通常是偷偷地、悄悄地、不为别人所发觉；rob则指“抢夺”、“抢劫”，其行为通常是明目张胆的：注意 steal和 rob与介词的不同搭配：steal(sth.) from(sb./ some place)， rob(sb.) of(sth.)。The man who stole my wallet took my address book as well.偷走我钱包的那个人把我的通讯录也拿走了。I lost my address book when that man robbed me of my bag.当

2、那人抢走我的包时，我的通讯录也没了。Someone has stolen my bag from me.有人把我的包偷走了。They took the risk of being arrested and robbed the bank.他们冒着被逮捕的危险抢劫了那家银行。2pay back（1）偿还：All Sams money was paid back in this way.萨姆全部的钱都用这样的方式还了回来。Yesterday Sam borrowed some money from me and said that he would pay me back in a week.昨天

3、萨姆从我这里借了些钱，并说一周后还我。（2）报答；向报复：Youve been very kind to me. How can I pay you back?你对我太好了。我如何报答你呢？He embarrassed me at the party. Ill pay him back someday.在晚会上他让我难堪了。总有一天我会报复他的。课文详注课文详注 F FURTHERURTHER NOTESNOTES ONON THETHE TEXTTEXT1 1A clear conscience, A clear conscience, （标题）问心无愧。（标题）问心无愧。 clearcle

4、ar在这里的含义为在这里的含义为“清白的清白的”、“无罪的无罪的”，因此这个短，因此这个短语又可译为语又可译为“清白的良心清白的良心”，相当于，相当于 a good consciencea good conscience，反义词，反义词为为 a bad conscience a bad conscience（感到内疚）。（感到内疚）。 2The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. 整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。（1）village在这里为总称，指“村民”，the whole village指

5、“全村的人”，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可视为复数）：The whole village was excited by the news.这消息使全村的人兴奋。（2）learn在句中的含义为“获悉”、“得知”：Ive just learnt that she was ill.我刚刚得知她病了。3Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. 当地的屠户萨姆本顿在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢了。taking为现在分词。与动名词相似，它也可以有自己的宾语、

6、状语等。在连词while之后，现在分词短语的作用相当于一个时间状语从 句：while he was taking his savings to the post office。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生的：He listened to music while cleaning the room.他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.我打扫房间时，他在听音乐。4Sam was sure that the wallet must h

7、ave been found by one of the villagers萨姆确信那钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了must用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时，后面的动词要用完成式：When I arrived, he wasnt here. He must have left early.我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早走了。5it contained half the money he had lost, 里面有他丢失的钱的一半。我们既可以说 half the money，也可以说 half of the money，它们可以互相替代，但是money前都必须有the，因为是指特定的钱。再如：Ha

8、lf the bread/ half of the bread was bad.这面包有一半已变质了。6In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. 很快，萨姆全部的钱都用同样的方式还了回来。（1）in time可以表示“经过一段时间”或“最终”、“迟早”：In time, he found all the books he needed.一段时间以后，他找到了他需要的所有书。Ill tell you everything in time.我最终总有一天会把一切都告诉你的。（2）in this way表示“用这样的方式”：You must

9、 pay attention to your spelling. In this way, you can become a good secretary in time.你必须注意你的拼写。这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。语法 GRAMMAR IN USE被动语态（4）在第10课、第21课与第34课的语法中，我们学习了用于一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时中的被动语态、情态助动词与被动语态的连用以及动词+宾语+不定式结构中被动语态的使用等：That table was made in 1970(by my grandfather).那张桌子是1970年（由我的祖父）做的。The rooms m

10、ust be cleaned today.这些房间今天必须要打扫干净。John has been told not to go for a walk when the weathers like this.约翰已被告知不要在这种天气出去散步。I never expected the thief to be arrested.我从没有指望小偷会被逮着。表示过去发生的动作时，被动语态还可以用于过去完成时；用于完成时的被动语态也可以与情态助动词连用：Where the dogs ever found?那些狗找着了吗?Yes,they had been taken to the police stat

11、ion.找着了。它们是被人带到警察局去了。(过去完成时)Ive been told to repair the gate.有人让我来修大门。But its already been repaired .It must have been repaired by someone else.但它已被修过了。肯定是其他人修的。(must+被动语态的完成式)（一）、when，while都有“当时候”的意思。when既可表示某一点时间，也可以表示某一段时间 。在when引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。 例如： 1、I wa

12、s just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？ 3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。 （二）、while只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。 例如： 1、While Jim was

13、 mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。2、You cant do your homework while youre watching TV. 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。 When和While的区别和用法WhenWhileWhileWhileWhileWhenWhenwhenWhenwhenRETURN的用法1.return如果作为不及物动词,意思是“回来/回去”.而return to的意思就是“回到.去/来”.而go back to的意思只有“回到.去”.2.所以严格地说,return to sw = c

14、ome back to sw + go back to sw.也可以说其准确答案为：return to sw = get back to sw注：sw即“某个地方”.3.如果return做及物动词表示“归还”时,则：return sth to sb = return sb sth= give sth back to sb 把某物归还给某人THEOTHER,OTHERS,THEOTHERS,ANOTHER1.other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的（人或物）”。如： Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗？ Ask

15、 some other people. 问问别人吧！ Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。 2.the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other，不能用another，此时的other作代词。如： He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。 the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的other作形容词。如： On the other side of the street，there is a tall t

16、ree. 在街道的另一边，有一棵大树。 Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。 He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河的对岸。3.others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。如： Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞，其余的从事体育活动。 Give me some others, please. 请给我别的东西吧！ Th

17、ere are no others. 没有别的了。 4.the others意思是“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”。是the other的复数形式。如： Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。 the others=the other 复数名词，这在第2条中已经有所介绍。 5.another，既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如： I dont like

18、 this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个，请给我看看另一个。 I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人 1.Theres no _ way to do it.A.other B.theother C.another D others2.Some people like to rest in their freetime._ like to travel.A.Other B.Theothers C.Others D.Another3.This cake is delicious!Can I have_ piece,please?A.other B.another C.others D.the other4.Where are _ boys?A.the other B.the others C.others D.another5.The supermark