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1、.1.2一、Time and Location (1)ancient times- about 12th B.C. (2)location:Aegean Sea(爱琴海)周围地区(culture:CreteMycenae).3heavenly Aegean Sea.4二、The origin of Greek Mythology1.the symbols of natural things2.religious ceremonies3.historical legends4.the similarities of languages 5.art performance.5The content
2、s of Greek Mythology1.Gods stories2.Heroic legends.6三、Characteristics of Greek Mythology1.Anthropomorphism(神人同形同性)2.Worship of knowledge and for the secrets of nature and human nature3.Reflection of humans wish to change nature ;humans happiness;people foremost众神众神之王之王 宙斯宙斯Zeus爱与美神维纳斯Venus.7四、四、Arch
3、etype of Greek Mythologyarchetypearchetypefeaturefeature女性神话原型女性神话原型女性在审美层面女性在审美层面和现实中的矛盾和现实中的矛盾男性神话原型男性神话原型男权文化的统治男权文化的统治意识意识英雄原型英雄原型西方人英勇无畏西方人英勇无畏的征服欲望的征服欲望漂流原型漂流原型旅程冒险传奇旅程冒险传奇.8archarchetypeetypefeafeatureture寻找原型寻找原型追求物质与理追求物质与理性性父子冲突原型父子冲突原型权力冲突权力冲突母子冲突原型母子冲突原型男女冲突男女冲突两性冲突原型两性冲突原型男女不平等男女不平等.9五、
4、Influence of Greek Mythology1、historical cradle and spiritual source of the whole western culture2、a kind of basic pattern to understand the world3、source of various culture of the later generations.10 cassandra complex 凯珊卓情结 希腊神话中的女预言家,特洛伊国王普里阿摩斯的女儿。身为神殿女巫,她获阿波罗赋予预知命运的能力,但阿波罗要求与她发生肉体关系作回报,她拒绝了,阿波罗一
5、怒下向她施以诅咒:凡她说出口的预言将百发百中,然而谁也不信以为真。 心理学上指那些对尚未发生的灾难即将来临深信不疑却受到了周围的嘲笑和轻视的人Example:The influence on English.111.Muses(缪斯):希腊神话中掌管艺术的诸神。共九位,分别是历史、抒情诗、喜剧(牧歌、田园诗)、悲剧、歌舞、爱情诗、颂歌、天文、史诗。 Muses的艺术衍生出单词music,Muses收藏艺术品的地方就是museum。艺术带来的快乐便是amuse,amusement。.122.Morpheus:希腊神话中的梦神。梦神是睡神Hypnos(许普诺斯)的儿子,掌管人们的梦境。衍生词:mo
6、rphine(吗啡),marijuana(大麻),两者都是opium(鸦片)的提取物。morphine有麻醉镇定的作用。3.Eris(厄里斯) 不和女神,复仇女神。为了报复Narcissus(纳西塞斯), 用诅咒使其最终死于自己的美丽。 衍生词:“eristic a.争论的,辩论的;有争议的;诡辩的”。 n.争论术;论客4.Eros(厄洛斯):爱神。 是一位生有双翼的美少年,相当于罗马神话中的Cupid(丘比特)。不管是Eros还是Cupid,成天无所事事,在天上飞来飞去练习射箭,搞得大家人心 惶惶。所以他们衍生出的单词都含贬义:erotic色情的:cupidity贪心,贪婪。.13希腊众神名
7、字对英语词汇的影响希腊众神名字对英语词汇的影响月份名词;一月月份名词;一月J Januaryanuary来源于神话中守户门的两面神来源于神话中守户门的两面神J Janusanus三月三月M Marcharch战神战神M Marsars五月五月M May ay 掌管生殖和生长的女神掌管生殖和生长的女神M Maiaaia六月六月J Juneune来自来自天后天后J JunounoCronosCronos:宙斯的父亲。害怕子女反抗自己,曾吞食自己的后代。:宙斯的父亲。害怕子女反抗自己,曾吞食自己的后代。就像无情的时间,吞噬一切。因此字根就像无情的时间,吞噬一切。因此字根“chronchron”意指意
8、指“timetime”。衍生衍生 词:词:chronic(chronic(耗费时间的,慢性的耗费时间的,慢性的) ):chronology(chronology(年代学,年代学,年表年表) )。AtlasAtlas:希腊神话中:希腊神话中Titans(Titans(泰坦泰坦) )巨神之一,因背叛巨神之一,因背叛Zeus(Zeus(宙斯宙斯) )被罚在世界的西边尽头以双肩扛天。被罚在世界的西边尽头以双肩扛天。1616世纪地理学家麦卡脱把世纪地理学家麦卡脱把AtlasAtlas擎天擎天 图作为一本地图册的卷首插图。后人争相效仿,图作为一本地图册的卷首插图。后人争相效仿, atlasatlas从此有
9、了地图、地图集、身负重担的人的含义。其他衍生词:从此有了地图、地图集、身负重担的人的含义。其他衍生词:AtlanticAtlantic。.14源于希腊神话的英语习语源于希腊神话的英语习语the sword of Damocles(the sword of Damocles(达摩克利斯之剑达摩克利斯之剑) ):DamoclesDamocles是叙拉古王朝的一位是叙拉古王朝的一位大臣,非常羡慕帝王的荣华富贵。一天,国王让他坐在王位上,在大臣,非常羡慕帝王的荣华富贵。一天,国王让他坐在王位上,在 DamoclesDamocles的头上用一根头发悬一把利剑,告诉他王权的危险就象那把剑一样,随时可能的头
10、上用一根头发悬一把利剑,告诉他王权的危险就象那把剑一样,随时可能降临。因此降临。因此the sword of Damoclesthe sword of Damocles就成了就成了“富贵中隐藏的危险富贵中隐藏的危险”的同义语,的同义语,也可以指形势危急,千钧一发。也可以指形势危急,千钧一发。Damon and PythiasDamon and Pythias:DamonDamon和和PythiasPythias是好朋友。是好朋友。PythiasPythias出事被判了死刑,出事被判了死刑,为了使他能够回家探视亲人,为了使他能够回家探视亲人,DamoDamo留在牢中作人质,如果留在牢中作人质,如
11、果PythiasPythias不按时返不按时返 回,就处死回,就处死DamonDamon。当期限满,临处刑之际,。当期限满,临处刑之际,PythiasPythias及时赶回。国王深受感及时赶回。国王深受感动,将二人全部释放,因此,动,将二人全部释放,因此,Damon and PythiasDamon and Pythias意思就是意思就是“生死之交生死之交”。PenelopPenelops webs web:源自史诗:源自史诗奥德赛奥德赛(Odyssey)(Odyssey)。泊涅罗珀。泊涅罗珀(Penelop)(Penelop)是是奥底修斯奥底修斯(Odysseus)(Odysseus)的妻子
12、,以忠贞而著称。特洛伊战争持续的妻子,以忠贞而著称。特洛伊战争持续 了十年,了十年,OdysseusOdysseus在返家的途中又耽搁了十年。在这漫长的二十年中,许多王公贵族在返家的途中又耽搁了十年。在这漫长的二十年中,许多王公贵族向向PenelopPenelop求婚,她都托辞说必须等织完布后才能予以考虑,一求婚,她都托辞说必须等织完布后才能予以考虑,一 到晚上,她到晚上,她又将白天织好的布再拆开。因此又将白天织好的布再拆开。因此PenelopPenelops webs web就成了一项永远也完不成的就成了一项永远也完不成的工作。工作。.15下面选取了下面选取了1212个例句。这个例句。这12
13、12个句子都含有出自希腊神话中的典故。这些典故用词不多,但个句子都含有出自希腊神话中的典故。这些典故用词不多,但内涵丰富,寓意深刻。内涵丰富,寓意深刻。1 1Thanks to her agentThanks to her agent,a a veritable Pygmalionveritable Pygmalion,she she was transformed from an was transformed from an ugly duckling into a ugly duckling into a Hollywood beauty. Hollywood beauty. 皮格马利翁
14、(皮格马利翁(PygmalionPygmalion)是塞)是塞浦路斯国(浦路斯国(CyprusCyprus)国王,也)国王,也是一位雕刻家。他爱上了自己是一位雕刻家。他爱上了自己所雕塑的少女像(所雕塑的少女像(GalateaGalatea),),爱与美的女神阿佛洛狄特爱与美的女神阿佛洛狄特(AphroditeAphrodite)见其感情真挚,)见其感情真挚,赋予雕像以生命,使两人结为赋予雕像以生命,使两人结为夫妻。夫妻。PygmalionPygmalion现在喻指现在喻指“对对他人或物抱有积极主动、热切他人或物抱有积极主动、热切期盼态度的人期盼态度的人”。例句中。例句中PygmalionPyg
15、malion正是取了该意。正是取了该意。 2 2The present school curriculum seems The present school curriculum seems to some students a procrustean bed. to some students a procrustean bed. 句中的句中的procrusteanprocrustean是形容词,由专有名词是形容词,由专有名词派生而来。派生而来。procrustesprocrustes是古希腊阿提卡是古希腊阿提卡(AtticaAttica)一带的巨人,译为柏鲁克洛斯德。)一带的巨人,译为柏鲁
16、克洛斯德。他拦路抢劫,把受害人绑在床榻之上。如果他拦路抢劫,把受害人绑在床榻之上。如果受害人身高超过床榻,柏鲁克洛斯德就截断受害人身高超过床榻,柏鲁克洛斯德就截断其下肢;如果受害人身高短于床榻,他就抻其下肢;如果受害人身高短于床榻,他就抻长其下肢,使其与床榻齐长。长其下肢,使其与床榻齐长。procrustean procrustean 现在喻指现在喻指“强求一致的;削足适履的强求一致的;削足适履的”; procrustean bedprocrustean bed喻指喻指“强求一致的制度或强求一致的制度或政策政策”。例句中。例句中procrustean bedprocrustean bed正是取
17、了正是取了该意。该意。 .163 3The Argus-eyed examiner The Argus-eyed examiner certainly contributed to certainly contributed to the honesty of the the honesty of the candidatescandidates ArgusArgus是希腊神话中的百眼巨人,是希腊神话中的百眼巨人,译为阿耳戈斯。他受命护卫宙译为阿耳戈斯。他受命护卫宙斯(斯(ZeusZeus)所钟爱的少女)所钟爱的少女艾奥(艾奥(IoIo),后被众神的使者),后被众神的使者赫耳墨斯(赫耳墨斯(H
18、ermesHermes)所杀。他)所杀。他的眼睛被放在了孔雀的尾巴上。的眼睛被放在了孔雀的尾巴上。Argus Argus 现在喻指现在喻指“机警之人机警之人”;Argus-eyed Argus-eyed 喻指喻指“机警的;目机警的;目光锐利的光锐利的”。例句中。例句中Argus-Argus-eyed eyed 正是取了该意。有目光敏正是取了该意。有目光敏锐的监考者在场,考生的诚实锐的监考者在场,考生的诚实程度也随之有所提高。程度也随之有所提高。 4 4The preparation of the Oxford The preparation of the Oxford English Dict
19、ionary was a English Dictionary was a herculean taskherculean task 句中的句中的herculeanherculean是形容词,由专有是形容词,由专有名词名词Her-culesHer-cules派生而来。派生而来。HerculesHercules是宙斯(是宙斯(ZeusZeus)与阿尔克墨涅)与阿尔克墨涅(Alcmene Alcmene )之子,译为赫拉克勒斯。)之子,译为赫拉克勒斯。他是一位力大无比的英雄,克服了种他是一位力大无比的英雄,克服了种种艰难困苦,冒险完成了种艰难困苦,冒险完成了1212项强加给项强加给他的任务。他的任
20、务。HerculesHercules现在喻指现在喻指“无比无比英勇之人英勇之人”;herculeanherculean喻指喻指“极其极其骁勇的;艰巨的骁勇的;艰巨的”。例句中。例句中herculeanherculean取取“艰巨的艰巨的”之意。编纂之意。编纂字典无疑是一项艰苦卓绝的工作。字典无疑是一项艰苦卓绝的工作。 .175 5Tired of political dodgesTired of political dodges,the wouldthe wouldbe candidate decided to cut the Gordian knot by be candidate deci
21、ded to cut the Gordian knot by announcing that he would runannouncing that he would run 句中的句中的GordianGordian是形容词,由专有名词是形容词,由专有名词GordiusGordius派生而来。派生而来。GordiusGordius是弗里吉亚国(是弗里吉亚国(PhrygiaPhrygia)国王,译)国王,译为戈尔迪。他打了一个复杂难解的结,被称为为戈尔迪。他打了一个复杂难解的结,被称为“戈尔迪的结戈尔迪的结”(Gordian knotGordian knot)。当马其顿国王亚历)。当马其顿国王亚
22、历山大听到神谕允诺,解开此结者将成为下一个亚洲之王时,在无法解开此结的情况下,他挥舞利剑将山大听到神谕允诺,解开此结者将成为下一个亚洲之王时,在无法解开此结的情况下,他挥舞利剑将其斩开。其斩开。Gordian knotGordian knot现在喻指现在喻指“难办的事,复杂的问题难办的事,复杂的问题”;cut the Gordian knot cut the Gordian knot 喻指喻指“快刀斩快刀斩乱麻式地解决复杂问题乱麻式地解决复杂问题”。例句中。例句中cut the Gordian knotcut the Gordian knot正是取了该意,正是取了该意,“这位竞选者厌倦了躲躲闪
23、这位竞选者厌倦了躲躲闪闪的方式,决定直截了当地宣布参加竞选。闪的方式,决定直截了当地宣布参加竞选。” ” 6 6He was thought of as a titan of the American automobile industryHe was thought of as a titan of the American automobile industry TitanTitan是天神马拉诺斯(是天神马拉诺斯(UranusUranus)与大地女神盖亚()与大地女神盖亚(GaeaGaea)之子,译为泰坦,是一位巨神。)之子,译为泰坦,是一位巨神。TitanTitan现在现在喻指喻指“巨物
24、;巨人,有成就的人巨物;巨人,有成就的人”。例句中的。例句中的titantitan取取“有成就的人有成就的人”之意,之意,“他被认为是美国汽车他被认为是美国汽车工业的巨头。工业的巨头。” ” 7 7The multimillionaire wondered, with satisfaction, if he truly had the Midas touchThe multimillionaire wondered, with satisfaction, if he truly had the Midas touch 迈达斯(迈达斯(MidasMidas)是弗里吉亚国()是弗里吉亚国(Phry
25、giaPhrygia)国王,他要求神赐予他一种特殊的魔力,能把他触摸到的)国王,他要求神赐予他一种特殊的魔力,能把他触摸到的一切变成黄金。现在一切变成黄金。现在MidasMidas喻指喻指“大富翁;善于赚大钱之人大富翁;善于赚大钱之人”。 the Midas touchthe Midas touch喻指喻指“赚大钱的本赚大钱的本领领”。例句中。例句中 the Midas touchthe Midas touch正是取了该意,正是取了该意,“这位大富翁志得意满,思量着自己是否真正具备了这位大富翁志得意满,思量着自己是否真正具备了赚大钱的本领。赚大钱的本领。” ” 8 8Vietnam was P
26、resident Johnsons Achilles heelVietnam was President Johnsons Achilles heel 阿基里斯(阿基里斯(AchillesAchilles)出生后,其母捏住他的脚踵倒提着把他放到斯提克斯()出生后,其母捏住他的脚踵倒提着把他放到斯提克斯(River StyxRiver Styx)河水里浸)河水里浸泡。被该河河水浸泡之后,他浑身坚硬如铁,刀枪不久,但是他母亲所捏的脚踵未沾河水,所以成为泡。被该河河水浸泡之后,他浑身坚硬如铁,刀枪不久,但是他母亲所捏的脚踵未沾河水,所以成为他的致命之处,容易遭受伤害。阿基里斯也正是因为脚踵被箭击中而
27、死。现在他的致命之处,容易遭受伤害。阿基里斯也正是因为脚踵被箭击中而死。现在Achilles heelAchilles heel喻指喻指“致命弱点,唯一弱点致命弱点,唯一弱点”。例句中。例句中Achilles heelAchilles heel正是取了该意。正是取了该意。.189 9His protean personality fascinated his friends but at the same time caused them to His protean personality fascinated his friends but at the same time caused
28、them to distrust himdistrust him 句中的句中的proteanprotean是形容词,由专有名词是形容词,由专有名词ProteusProteus派生而来。派生而来。ProteusProteus是一位小海神,译为普罗透斯。他是一位小海神,译为普罗透斯。他是海神波塞冬(是海神波塞冬(PoseidonPoseidon)的仆人,能随心所欲地改变自己的容貌。)的仆人,能随心所欲地改变自己的容貌。ProteusProteus现在喻指现在喻指“反复无常的反复无常的人或物人或物”;ProteanProtean喻指喻指“变化多端的;多才多艺的变化多端的;多才多艺的”。例句中。例句中
29、proteanprotean取取“变化多端的变化多端的”之意。个之意。个性变化无常的确难以取信于人。性变化无常的确难以取信于人。 1010The police have had a Briarean grasp of the details of the murder caseThe police have had a Briarean grasp of the details of the murder case 句中的句中的BriareanBriarean是形容词,由专有名词是形容词,由专有名词BriarensBriarens派生而来。派生而来。BriarensBriarens是希腊神话中
30、的百手巨人,译是希腊神话中的百手巨人,译为布里阿柔斯。他帮助宙斯(为布里阿柔斯。他帮助宙斯(Z Zeuseus)与泰坦()与泰坦(TitanTitan)作战。)作战。BriareanBriarean现在喻指现在喻指“到处伸手的;多手到处伸手的;多手的;多方面的的;多方面的”。例句中。例句中BriareanBriarean取取“多方面的多方面的”之意,之意,“警察已经多方面掌握了该谋杀案的情警察已经多方面掌握了该谋杀案的情况。况。” ” 11. If you continue to keep in touch with the drugpusher, you will sup with Plut
31、o. 11. If you continue to keep in touch with the drugpusher, you will sup with Pluto. PlutoPluto是希腊神话中掌管阴曹地府的冥王,译为普路托。是希腊神话中掌管阴曹地府的冥王,译为普路托。 sup with Plutosup with Pluto直译为直译为“与冥王共进晚与冥王共进晚餐餐”,其比喻含义就是,其比喻含义就是“死亡死亡”。例句中。例句中sup with Plutosup with Pluto正是取正是取“死亡死亡”之意。贩毒分子是世界各之意。贩毒分子是世界各国追捕的对象,与他们打交道无疑将自
32、己推上了死亡之路。国追捕的对象,与他们打交道无疑将自己推上了死亡之路。 1212The young people were all touched by the Orphean singerThe young people were all touched by the Orphean singer 句中的句中的OrpheanOrphean是形容词,由专有名词是形容词,由专有名词OrpheusOrpheus派生而来。派生而来。OrpheusOrpheus是希腊神话中的诗人和音乐家,译是希腊神话中的诗人和音乐家,译为奥菲士。他的音乐今万物感动。他的妻子欧律狄克(为奥菲士。他的音乐今万物感动。他的
33、妻子欧律狄克(EurydiceEurydice)被蛇咬死,奥菲士含悲前往冥府)被蛇咬死,奥菲士含悲前往冥府寻找。冥王为其悲歌所动,放走了他的妻子,但命令他在未出冥府之前不可回首翘望。奥菲士在即寻找。冥王为其悲歌所动,放走了他的妻子,但命令他在未出冥府之前不可回首翘望。奥菲士在即将出冥府那一刻,偶一回头,只见自己的妻子在冥府口消失。将出冥府那一刻,偶一回头,只见自己的妻子在冥府口消失。OrpheanOrphean现在喻指现在喻指“迷人的;令人神往迷人的;令人神往的的”。例句中。例句中OrpheanOrphean正是取了该意,正是取了该意,“这些年轻人都被这位迷人的歌手打动了这些年轻人都被这位迷人
34、的歌手打动了”。.19希腊神话人物青铜时代的十二主神.20神王宙斯(Zeus) Zeus (Jupiter): Son of Cronus, overthrew(推翻) his father to free his five siblings(兄弟姐妹) and rule the gods. Wielding the thunderbolt(雷电), he is the most powerful of all the gods, but he is by no means invincible. On many occasions Zeus must bow to fate. He prod
35、uces many other gods through his infidelity(忠诚) and causes much conflict with his wife Hera. Mortals hold Zeus in the highest esteem(敬重) of all the gods. His bird is the eagle and his tree is the oak.21天后赫拉(Hera) Hera (Juno): Wife and sister of Jupiter. She is a protector of marriage and often a god
36、dess of childbirth. Her role in mythology is usually that of the jealous wife punishing the women with whom Zeus has sex. Her jealousy of Aphrodite causes her aggressive involvement in the Trojan War. In the tale of the Golden Fleece, she protects men. Cows and peacocks are sacred to her. Her favori
37、te city is Argos.22海神波塞冬(Poseidon) Poseidon (Neptune): One of the three Olympian brothers, Poseidon drew the lot for control of the ocean. Of the gods, he is second in power to Zeus. He is also known as the Earth shaker. He allegedly helped build the sacred walls of Troy. He gave the first horse to
38、men and horses remained his sacred animal.23冥神哈德斯(Hades) Hades (Pluto): The third of the Olympian brothers. He drew the lot to rule the underworld. Although he is allowed on Olympus, he is not truly welcome there. He made Persephonep:sefni (珀尔塞福涅 ) his wife and rules with her as King of the dead.24灶
39、神赫斯提亚(Hestia) Zeus sister. God of the hearth(灶台). The symble of the house around which new born child is carried before it is received into the family. Of all the olympians,she is the mildest,most upright and most charitable.25智慧女神雅典娜(Athene) Athena (Minerva): The daughter of Zeus who sprang from hi
40、s head fully dressed in arms. She is often depicted as a warrior(武士) goddess as well as the goddess of wisdom. She is allowed to use her fathers weapons(兵器). She is a virgin(处女,纯洁的). Her city is Athens; her tree is the olive tree and her bird is the owl(猫头鹰).26战神阿瑞斯(Ares) Ares (Mars): The god of war
41、, son of Zeus and Hera. He is hated for his inhumanity(残忍;暴虐 ) and brutality( 暴虐行为 ). He appears little in mythology and was loved more by the Romans than the Greeks. The vulture(秃鹫 ) and the dog are sacred to him.27太阳神阿波罗(Apollo) Apollo: He is the son of Zeus and Leto. The god of poetry, music, arc
42、hery and healing. He was born on Delos. He is called Pythonian from a python (蛇属) he killed and Sminthian, the mouse god. The dolphin and the crow(乌鸦 ) are sacred to him. The laurel(月桂树) is his tree.28月神阿尔忒瑞斯(Artemis) Artemis (Diana): The twin sister of Apollo. Artemis is a virgin huntress who also
43、possesses aspects of the moon goddess Luna/Selene/Phoebe(光明的). The cypress(柏树) is her tree and deer are sacred to her although she is a patron of the forest and all things contained within.29爱情女神阿佛洛狄忒(Aphrodite) Aphrodite (Venus): The goddess of love and beauty. Sometimes said to be a daughter of Ze
44、us, sometimes a sister. In the Iliad伊利亚特 she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione. In other places, she was born from the sea near Cythereasri . Her beauty is often wicked or destructive. She is married to Hephaestus, although she often cheats on him. The myrtle is her tree. The sparrow, dove, and swan
45、(天鹅 ) are her birds.30火神匠神赫菲斯托斯(Hephaestus) Hephaestus (Vulcan): The son of Hera; was cast out of heaven either by Zeus or his mother. Although he loves peace, he is the god of the forge(锻造) and makes the most highly esteemed weapons in the world. He is a patron of craftsmen(名匠 ) and an omen(前兆) of
46、civilization. He is kind and peace loving. He is the only god to be physically ugly. He is also lame. 他是诸神的工匠,具有高超的技巧,制造了许多著名的神兵神器。传说阿波罗驾驶的日车、厄洛斯的金箭银箭、宙斯的神盾都是他制造的。.31神使赫尔墨斯(Heimes) Son of Zeus. God of commerce. Messanger for all the other gods. Guide for the died to the underworld. He is thecleveres
47、t of the olympian gods. He is the fastest of the gods. He wears winged sand- als,a winged hat,and carries a magic wand(棒).32Pandoras box In classical Greek mythology, Pandora was the first woman on Earth. Zeus ordered Hephaestus to create her. So he did, using water and earth. The gods endowed her w
48、ith many gifts: Athena clothed her, Aphrodite gave her beauty, Apollo gave her musical ability, and Hermes gave her speech. When Prometheus stole fire from heaven, Zeus took vengeance by presenting Pandora to Prometheus brother Epimetheus. Pandora was given a wedding gift of a beautiful jar, with in
49、structions to not open it under any circumstance. Impelled by her curiosity (given to her by the gods), Pandora opened it and all evil contained in there escaped and spread over the earth. She hastened to close the container, but the whole contents had escaped, except for one thing that lay at the b
50、ottom the Spirit of Hope. .33在古典希腊神话,潘多拉是地球上的第一个女人。宙斯命令赫创造她。所以赫用水和土创造了她。神赋予她许多礼物: 雅典娜、 阿芙罗狄蒂给了她的美貌、 阿波罗给了她音乐的能力,赫尔墨斯给了她演讲能力。 当普罗米修斯偷了天堂之火时,宙斯普罗米修斯的弟弟 Epimetheus 提出潘多拉报仇。潘多拉是鉴于结婚礼物的一个美丽的罐子里,不打开它在任何情况下的说明。她 (送给她的神) 的好奇心的驱使,潘多拉打开了它和其中所载的所有罪恶逃脱和遍布地球。她急忙关闭的容器,但整个内容逃了出来,除了一件事,躺在底部 希望精神,.34An apple of disc
51、ord“不和的金苹果”In ancient Greek mythology legends,Peleus and Thetis invited all the gods of Olympus except the goddess Eris. Eris put an inscription “for the most beautiful” the words of the golden apple, secretly on the weeding banquet, causing days of the goddess Athena and Hera wise God of love and b
52、eauty Venuss competition, all of them want to keep for themselves. Zeus said Trojan prince Paris could make the evaluation. Finally, apple belongs to Aphrodite. Since then, Hera and Athena hated the king of Troy and Paris. With the help of Zeus, they had their revenge, leading to the Trojan War last
53、ed ten years, and finally end with the fall of Troy.在古希腊神话中传说,帕里斯(在古希腊神话中传说,帕里斯(Peleus)和西迪斯()和西迪斯(Thetis)举行婚礼时,)举行婚礼时,邀请奥林匹斯山的众神参加,却忘了专司争吵的女神厄里斯邀请奥林匹斯山的众神参加,却忘了专司争吵的女神厄里斯(Eris)。厄里斯。厄里斯就把一只上面刻着就把一只上面刻着“送给最美丽的人送给最美丽的人”字样的金苹果偷偷放在婚礼宴会上,字样的金苹果偷偷放在婚礼宴会上,引起天后赫拉(引起天后赫拉(Hera)、智慧女神雅典娜()、智慧女神雅典娜(Athena)和爱与美女神阿
54、佛洛)和爱与美女神阿佛洛狄忒(狄忒(Aphrodite)的争夺,个个都想占为己有。后来特洛伊王子()的争夺,个个都想占为己有。后来特洛伊王子(Paris)出来评判,让给了阿佛洛狄忒(出来评判,让给了阿佛洛狄忒(Aphrodite)。从此赫拉和雅典娜就对帕里)。从此赫拉和雅典娜就对帕里斯和特洛伊王怀恨在心,并借宙斯的报复下,导致历时十年的特洛伊战争,斯和特洛伊王怀恨在心,并借宙斯的报复下,导致历时十年的特洛伊战争,终以特洛伊的陷落而结束终以特洛伊的陷落而结束.35Trojan Wooden Horse In the Trojan War, all the Greek city-states, in order to help Menelaus the king of Sparta recapture his beautiful and beloved wife Helen, they concentrated their soldiers to fight against Troy, but the Trojans were courageous and tenacious, the war lasted nine years.Later a Greek military called Odysseus came up with
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