中考阅读理解满分讲解如何做主旨大意题（课堂PPT）

1、1中考英语阅读理解满分突破Zhang Xuejiao英语教育专业硕士FULL SCORE STRATEGY OF READING COMPREHENSION FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ENTRANCE EXAMINATION张 雪 娇2FULL SCORE STRATEGY OF READING COMPREHENSION2014年2010年安徽英语中考卷： 听力听力单项选择单项选择完形填空完形填空补全对话补全对话阅读理解阅读理解写写30203054025 由上表可知，在整张中考英语试卷中，单项分值最高的是阅读理解，每题2分*20, 40分。而阅读理解是考查学生在阅读中准确

2、捕获信息的能力，要求学生既理解具体的事实，也能理解抽象的概念，即考查学生综合运用所学的语言知识能力，包括阅读、理解、归纳、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等，是中考试卷中考查学生综合能力较强的部分。3READING COMPREHENSION：命题特点命题特点常见题型常见题型命题趋势命题趋势解题方法解题方法4命 题 特 点： 命题特点命题特点2014年2010年安徽英语中考阅读理解题材如下：2014年年2013年年2012年年2011年年2010年年A记叙文人物传记Tony wheeler说明文社会现象Work hours记叙文人物传记Leonardo da Vinci说明文科普知识Co

3、lors说明文文化差异Culture differenceB说明文社会现象Charities议论文哲理讨论Think creatively记叙文幽默故事Ask the way应用文图表信息记叙文哲理故事talentC应用文广告消息应用文图表信息应用文校园通知应用文书信来往应用文性格测试D说明文科普知识North American black bear说明文科普知识Human brain说明文性格分析Personalities analysis记叙文人物传记Charles Chaplin记叙文人物传记Doctor Seuss5 Three Types Of Questions(题型) ：主旨大体

4、题即归纳概括题。难度偏大。要求对整篇文章做出归纳、概括和评价。解题时，不能只凭文中的只言片语断章取义。要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组、句子做出解释。解题时，需要联系上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容才能做出正确答案。主旨大意题词义猜测题细节题既有简单题也有复杂题。通读全文，了解文中所叙诉的重要事实或者细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。根据上下文或整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案；有时甚至还要联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音加以推理才能获得正确答案6Example: (within 2mins)He wrote The Cat in the Hat at the age

5、of _.A50 B53 C56 D87The word “sit on” in the passage probably mean _.A fail to realize B forget to use C try to develop D manage to showThe passage is mainly about _.A body language in foreign restaurants B class discussion in Indian schoolsC miscommunication in different cultures D English teaching

6、 in other countriesWhich could be the best title标题 for the passage?A sing in the bar B achieve success in life C never lose heart D find yourself5 The word “reduce” in the passage probably means_.A减少 B 排除 C 加强 D增加6 Which of the following is TRUE according to Donnas letter?A The best time to study is

7、 from 10pm to 1am.B Walking outside can make you remember more.C Its good to tell a study partner about your feeling.D Its necessary to have a rest for 15 to 20 minutes an hour.词义细节词义主旨主旨细节77 The purpose of 2nd paragraph is _.A to warn you B to enjoy it C to write it down D to write it for fun8 what

8、 can we infer from the passage?A Many workers have to work long hours. B Many people have long vocations.C Work hours are the same around the world. D There are a lot of dull people in the world.9 The underlined word means _.A 变成 B改变 C成为 D 促进10 Newton wanted to find out _A when the apple hit him B w

9、hy the apple fellC who made the apple fell D where the apple fell11 From the passage, we can learn that _.A we could ask others for help B every one of others like thinkingC it is to see and hear our thoughts D thinking helps to get new ideas12 How many choices do I have?A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 Example: (wi

10、thin 2mins)细节词义细节主旨细节细节8 主旨大意题命题形式：一一)中心型中心型(main idea) The passage mainly tells us _The main idea of the passage is The passage is mainly aboutWhat is the passage mainly about?The main idea of the 2nd paragraph is 二二)标题型标题型(topic/ title/headline) What is the best title for the passage? best title f

11、or the passage might be Whats the topic of the article？三三)目的型目的型(purpose) The purpose of this article is . The passage is meant to . 9d e t a i l sParagraph ideasPassage idea10 记叙文：六大要素：六大要素：who /where / what / when / how / why（谁在哪里做什么，什么时候怎样做的，为什么这样做）高频词（在文章中反复出现）首句、尾句, 首段、尾段每一段的开头，划分结构：总-分/ 总-分-总/

12、 分-总11(安徽卷安徽卷 2014,80) Tony Wheeler was born to travel. His father worked for an airline. For the first 16 years of his life, Tony and his family lived in many different countries. In the early 1970s, Tony met a young woman named Maureen. They soon marriedThey took a year-long trip from England, thr

13、ough Asia, to Australia. When they arrived in Australia, people asked many questions about their trip. To answer these questions, Tony wrote a book called Across Asia on the cheap. The book told people about different countries weather, customs, and places to see.He also wrote about unusual things t

14、o see and do. The book was very popular. Tony and his wife started a company . They continued travelling. They wrote books for each place they visited. Tony Wheeler, the great traveler, still writes about travels to many places and will bring us more surprises.80 The passage mainly talks about _.A a

15、 great traveler and his booksB a tour of different countriesC a great writer and his familyD different kinds of companies高频词高频词高频词高频词12(合肥市瑶海区第二次模拟合肥市瑶海区第二次模拟2014, 95) Lang Lang is a famous pianist and he is popular all over the world. He was made a Messenger of Peace by the United Nations(联合国). He

16、got the position on October 28, 2013. . Lang Lang is the first Messenger of Peace from China. Being a Messenger of Peace is highest honor. It is Lang Lang has been a Goodwill Ambassador(亲善大使) for UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会) for 10 years. As a Messenger of Peace, he has a special task: getting the 57 millions s

17、chool age children worldwide who arent getting an education into classrooms. Lang Lang says that his new role is more important than his music because it can help improve the lives of children around the world through education. Lang Lang also works with talented students to help them become musicia

18、n, He added that he hoped that he will have more foundations all over the world. Then his dream can come true. 95 whats the best title for the passage? A Lang Langs Success in Music B Lang Langs Education Experience C Lang Langs Foundation D Lang Langs New Role in UN 13 说明文/议论文：高频词（在文章中反复出现）首句、尾句, 首

19、段、尾段每一段的开头，划分结构：总-分/ 总-分-总/ 分-总14(安徽卷安徽卷 2012, 95) In our life, we may meet persons with different personalities(性格). What is your personality type(类型)？Read about the following and find out! A dreamer thinks that is a “right” way to do things. This person wants to live in the “perfect world”. Many a

20、re good listeners and likes to help others. Famous dreamers: Angelina Jolie, Mohandas Gandhi. A partner wants to be in a group. For this person, rules are important. They consider tradition to be of great value. Famous partners: Queen Elizabeth , Mother Teresa. For thinkers, understanding things is

21、very important. They like to deal with problems and make new things. Famous thinkers: Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking. Artists want to be free. They dont want to follow the rules all the time. They also like trying new things. Famous artists: Madonna, Cristiano Ronaldo.95 which could be the best title f

22、or the passage? A Famous People B Personalities Types C Perfect World D Job Choices总总- -分分 15(合肥市瑶海区第二次模拟考合肥市瑶海区第二次模拟考2014, 90) All parents want to see their children succeed in life. They want their children to have more than what they had, yet parents often forget to give their children what they

23、had. Dont forget to instruct children in character development. In todays society, it is much easier to make children happy than to instruct them in personal development skills. Nowadays, parents have to be busy with their work in order to make more money and give their children a better living envi

24、ronment. They dont have enough time to play with their children or communicate with them. So parents can easily offer their children a new toy rather than develop their childrens natural sense of curiosity, which will lead their children through self-learning. Therefore, the best method for parents

25、to teach their children is not by buying them things, but by giving them an opportunity to learn more about things they are interested in. In this way, parents can finally teach their children the same hard lessons that they have learned, too.90 which is the main idea of the passage? A Remember to instruct children in character development. B All parents want to see their children succeed in life. C Dont buy gifts for children. D Te