非谓语动词口诀版-改-最终

1、非谓语动词的概念非谓语动词的概念 在句子中在句子中不能独立作谓语不能独立作谓语，只能作其他成分，只能作其他成分（主语，宾语，主补，宾补，表语，状语等主语，宾语，主补，宾补，表语，状语等）的动词，叫做非谓语的动词，叫做非谓语动词。动词。否定形式：在其前加否定形式：在其前加not（not+非谓语动词）非谓语动词）非谓语动词分为三种形式非谓语动词分为三种形式:o不定式：不定式：to+动词原形动词原形 o动名词：动词原形动名词：动词原形+ingo分词（现在分词和过去分词）分词（现在分词和过去分词） 动词动词+doing 介词介词+doing doing动名词动名词喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习喜欢

2、花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事喜欢做某事 spend.doing sth. 花费花费做某事做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象想象做某事做某事 cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事想要做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事完成做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事练习做某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事错过做某事 suggest doing s

3、th. 建议做某事建议做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 保持（继续）做某事保持（继续）做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事介意做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事值得做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事考虑做某事错过建议保持介意值得考虑错过建议保持介意值得考虑只能接只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：作宾语的动词口诀： 喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 错过建议保持介意值得考虑错过建议保持介意值得考虑 （押韵）（押韵） 介词介词+doing 常考介词常考介词: at, in, on of,

4、 off, for, from up, about, without to 等等等等 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事坚持做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事被用来做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事谢谢某人做某事 be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事厌烦做某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事害怕做某事 put off doi

5、ng 推迟做某事推迟做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事放弃做某事without doing sth. 没有做某事没有做某事think about doing sth. 考虑做某事考虑做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么样做某事怎么样?此此to 非彼非彼to（to为介词）为介词） look forward to doing sth.（盼望）（盼望） pay attention to doing sth.（注意）（注意） be used to doing sth. （习惯于）（习

6、惯于） prefer doing sth to doing sth （宁愿做某事而不愿做某事（宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ） devote to doing sth （致力于）（致力于） 小试牛刀小试牛刀1. Now more and more people are busy_ about the Internet. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 2.-Its too hot. Would you mind _the door? -_. Please do it. A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly n

7、ot C. opening; Of course D. to open; Good idea 3. No matter how hard it is, well keep_until we make it. A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying 4. -Are you enjoying_in Ningbo? -Yes, we are. Very much. A. to live B. living C. lives D. lived 5 We couldnt help _ after we heard the funny story A. to lau

8、gh B. laughing C. laughed D. to be laughed C B D B B动词不定式动词不定式:o肯定式肯定式: to doo否定式否定式: not to do（省略（省略to的形式的形式: do）动词不定式动词不定式（1 1）基本形式：）基本形式： 不定式不定式to+动词原形动词原形 （在某些情况下可以省略（在某些情况下可以省略 to） 只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀： 决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 决定想做计划需要同

9、意，能做被用来做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事决定做某事 want would like to do sth. 想要做某事想要做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某计划做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事需要做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事能做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事被用来做某事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事迫不及待地要做某事 make

10、 up ones mind to do 下决心做某事下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事过去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事未能做某事 接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀： 请求与命令请求与命令 想要邀请期待鼓励与建议想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助答应告诫允许提醒和帮助请求与命令请求与命令 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事请求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事想要邀请期待鼓励与建议想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事想

11、要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事期待某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事建议某人做某事 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助答应告诫允许提醒和帮助 promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事答应某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫某人做某事告诫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 remind sb.

12、to do sth. 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事 省略省略to的情况的情况:o 使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/ hear, listen to/ let , make, have, / look at, see, watch, noticeo had better （not）do sth. 最好最好(不不)做做o why not /why dont you do sth 为什么不做为什么不做?o help sb.（to）do stho Would rather d

13、o sth宁愿做宁愿做o would you please情态动词情态动词+do助动词（助动词（will）+do区分下列词组区分下列词组:see sb. doing/ do sth.hear sb. doing/ do sth.watch sb. doing/ do sth.notice sb. doing/ do sth.感官动词感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel+ do（强调动作（强调动作已经结束已经结束或或将来的动作将来的动作，经经 常性的动作常性的动作）+doing （强调动作（强调动作正在发生或进行正在发生或

14、进行）注意：被动语态中不能省去注意：被动语态中不能省去to。动词不定式动词不定式(2) 用法用法 ：A、作主语、作主语，如：To learn a foreign language is not easy . （不定式短语作主语）（不定式短语作主语）= Its not easy to learn a foreign language. 注意：注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用It作形式主语，作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词将不定式后置。除动词be外，外， 动词动词take也常用于上述结构。也常用于上述结构。B、作表语、作表语，如：My job is to teac

15、h English. 我的工作是教英语。我的工作是教英语。注：注：如果在主语中含有如果在主语中含有do 实意动词的形式，作表语的动实意动词的形式，作表语的动词不定式要省去词不定式要省去to, 否则不省。否则不省。What I want to do best is go to Hong Kong. (go 前省略了前省略了to)动词不定式动词不定式C、作宾语、作宾语I want to learn French.我想学法语。我想学法语。She decided to go abroad.她决定出国。她决定出国。 .同意提出做计划同意提出做计划 agree, offer, intend, plan要求

16、答应来帮忙要求答应来帮忙demand, ask（要求）（要求） ,promise, help准备决定遭拒绝准备决定遭拒绝 prepare, decide , refuse敢于选择有希望敢于选择有希望 dare, choose, wish, hope, want, expect不能做到莫假装不能做到莫假装 fail（未能做）（未能做）, pretend设法做成决心坚设法做成决心坚 manage（设法做成了）（设法做成了）, determine I dont know what to do .只能跟不定式（只能跟不定式（to do）作宾语的常见动词有：）作宾语的常见动词有：另外：动词另外：动词+特

17、殊疑问词特殊疑问词 + to do， 例如：例如：动词不定式动词不定式D、作宾补、作宾补动词动词 + 宾语宾语 +宾补（宾补（to do） 动词动词 + 宾语宾语 + doLi Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .注：有以上结构的常用动词有注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want , beg, invite , warn, allow ,encourage , advise 等。等。(省省to 的不定式作宾补的不定式作宾补) 注：常用的动词是：注：常用的动词是：“一感二听三让四看见一感二听三让四看见”感官动词感

18、官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice , look at； 使役动词使役动词 have , make, let.E、作状语、作状语可以表结果、原因、目的、条件。如：可以表结果、原因、目的、条件。如：She went to see a doctor. 她去看医生了。（目的）她去看医生了。（目的）He is mad to hear the news. 他听到这消息疯了。（原因）他听到这消息疯了。（原因）The boy is not old enough to go to school. 这男孩还不到上学年龄。（结果）这男孩还不到上学年龄。（结果）

19、To study hard, youll make good progress. 努力学习，就会取得好成绩。（条件）努力学习，就会取得好成绩。（条件） 动词不定式动词不定式F、作定语、作定语（必须后置）（必须后置）如：He has nothing to do. 他无事可做。 Theres no time to think about it. 没有时间考虑此事。注意注意：不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓/ 动宾。如：He is the last man to leave. 他是最后一个离开的人。（主谓关系） She said she had a lot of work to do.

20、 她说她有许多工作要做。（动宾关系）注意：注意： 不定式作定语若是逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式是不及物动词的话，后应跟着一个相应的介词，但如果被修饰的是place、time、way 就除外。如：We must rent a house to live in. That is a very good place to live. 在学习动词不定式的时候还有在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点两点要注意哦！要注意哦！1、“一感二听三让四看见一感二听三让四看见”，要用，要用省省to的不定的不定式式作宾补作宾补,但变为但变为被动句被动句时，要时，要加上加上to, 如如（feel, hear, listen to

21、, see, watch, notice , look at, have , make, let）e.g. 1）We hear him sing in the next room. He is heard to sing in the next room.2、动词不定式的动词不定式的否定形式否定形式为：为： not + to doMr. Smith asked the boy _(not play) this kind of game. not to playPlease have him _(not do) so much housework. not do牛刀小试牛刀小试1. My mot

22、her often asks me _ some cleaning on Sundays A do B. does C. did D. to do 2. Do you often hear John _in his room ? Listen! Now we can hear him _ in his room . A. sing , to sing B. sing, sing C. sing , singing D. to sing , singing 3. I watched her _ in the next room last night . A. dancing B. to danc

23、e C. dances D. dance4.Lets _swimming after the exam . A. go B. goes C. to go D. went5. Youd better _a bus . A. to catch B. catch C. catches D. catching D C A A B特殊词精讲特殊词精讲:to do doing remember forget要去做要去做已做过已做过stop go on 两件事两件事 一件事一件事likehatelove一次性一次性 经常性习惯经常性习惯 try 尽力做尽力做 尝试做尝试做 Start，begin一样一样 一

24、样一样 stop doing/to do sth.stop to do停下来去做另一件事，停下来去做另一件事，stop doing停止正在做的某事。停止正在做的某事。Eg:他们停下来吸烟。他们停下来吸烟。 They stop to smoke.停止扔垃圾停止扔垃圾 Please stop throwing rubbish.forget to do忘记要去做某事，忘记要去做某事，forget doing忘记做过某事。忘记做过某事。Eg：办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作）没有做关灯的动作） The light in the office is st

25、ill on， he forgot to turn it off. （没关灯）（没关灯）He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）（已做过关灯的动作） forget doing/to do sth. remember doing/to do sth.remember to do 记得要去做某事记得要去做某事remember doing记得做过某事记得做过某事 Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。记着放学后去趟邮局。Dont you

26、 remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗你不记得以前见过那个人吗?go on doing/to do sth.go on to do 做了一件事后，继续做另一件事，做了一件事后，继续做另一件事，go on doing继续做原来做的事。继续做原来做的事。Eg：读完课文后，他接着去做数学练习。：读完课文后，他接着去做数学练习。After reading the text，he went on his maths exercises.he went on reading Lesson One after a short rest.短暂的休息后，他继续读

27、第一课。短暂的休息后，他继续读第一课。try doing/ to do sth.try to do sth. 尽力做某事尽力做某事Although maths is difficult, I will try to study it .try doing sth. 尝试做某事尝试做某事The machine couldnt work. Lets try repairing it.regret doing/ regret to do sth.o regret to do sth. 遗憾没有做某事 I regretted to tell you that you didnt pass the ex

28、am.o regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事 How I regretted having said this to him! mean doing / mean to do sth. o mean doing sth. 意味着做某事Miss the train means waiting for anotherday.o mean to do sth. 打算做某事I meant to call you, but I was busy.分词分词o现在分词：现在分词：V-ingo过去分词：规则加过去分词：规则加ed，不规则需，不规则需要逐个记忆要逐个记忆分词作表语现在分词作表语，表

29、示主语(物)的性质特征;过去分词作表语，表主语（人）的感觉或状态。如：The book is very interesting.Im interested in the book.Jane felt very tired.现在分词表主动或动作正在进行，过去分词表被动或动作完成。 现在分词作状语，句中主语为现在分词的动作执行者；过去分词作状语，句中主语为过去分词的动作承受者。现在分词作状语可表时间、原因、方式、伴随和结果；过去分词作状语能表时间、原因、条件、让步。如： Hearing what she said, he couldnt help laughing.(现在分词作时间状语) Heat

30、ed to about 1500 , iron will be melted.(过去分词作时间状语) Being ill he didnt go to school yesterday.(现在分词作原因状语) 分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或用状语从分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或用状语从句。句。 1) Being an orphan（孤儿）（孤儿）, the nur

31、se treated him kindly. （F） 2) He being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. （T） 3) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. （T） 牛刀小试 1. from the tallest building, the whole city looks very beautiful. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw2. On her way home Linda saw a thief in a shop. She sto

32、pped 110 at once.A. Steal; call B. to steal; call C. stealing; to call D. Saw3.He sent me an E-mail, to get further information.A. to hope B. hoping C. hope D. hoped4. The company last year developed very fast.A. built B. to be built C. building D. being built C C B A5.China is a country, while the

33、USA is a country. A. developing; developing B. developed; developedC. developed; developing D. developing; developed6.The professor came in, by the students.A. following B. followed; C. having followed D. to be followed7. , Lincoln was loved by all the people in the country.A. Being an honest man B.

34、 being that he was an honest man.C. He was an honest manD. An honest man being D B A8.Tony stood up and accepted the prize, and happy.A. surprising B. surprised C. being surprised D. to be surprising9. The man under the tree is a doctor.A. lied B. lying C. to lie D. lies10. What to do next, he stopp

35、ed to wait.A. Knowing not B. Having not knownC. Not know D. Not knowing B B D6). The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 该题的谓语动词是该题的谓语动词是 attract，“闻起来很香闻起来很香”用来作定语用来作定语修饰主语修饰主语 flowers。B3). _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given4). He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope given 作状语意为作状语意为“考虑到考虑到”，意思相当于，意思相当于 considering。注意注意 hoping 为伴随状语而非目的状语，真正的目为伴随状