学术英语综合PPT学习教案

1、会计学1学术英语综合学术英语综合What is EAP?English for Academic Purposes/EAP内容：教材分为内容：教材分为学术英语学术英语综合综合、人文、理工、社科等。我们的课、人文、理工、社科等。我们的课程分为读学科主题文章、听专业相程分为读学科主题文章、听专业相关讲座、练学术口语、写学科专业关讲座、练学术口语、写学科专业论文以及做学科相关研究等环节。论文以及做学科相关研究等环节。目标：训练对信息的获取、分析、整目标：训练对信息的获取、分析、整合、利用能力；提高学生撰写学期论合、利用能力；提高学生撰写学期论文及学术论文的技能；帮助学生过度文及学术论文的技能；帮助学

2、生过度到专业双语课程及全英课程学习；全到专业双语课程及全英课程学习；全面培养学生的学业能力、思辨创新能面培养学生的学业能力、思辨创新能力和解决实际问题的学术研究能力。力和解决实际问题的学术研究能力。第1页/共51页第2页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsUnit ContentsUnit objectivesText AText BText CAcademic language and discourseListeningSpeakingWriting第3页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsUnit Objectives第4页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsUnit Obj

3、ectives第5页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsUnit Objectives第6页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText A Lead-inHow do you celebrate Spring Festival? Write down your activities in the table in the textbook and analyze whose skill and labor are required to make these activities possible. Share your answers with your partner and d

4、iscuss the following questions:1.Whats the power that leads people to work and cooperate?2.What do you understand about economic life from the table?第7页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsCultural Points1. Contribute as much as possible what you know about the following:ThanksgivingAdam Smiththe invisible hand第8页/共

5、51页Unit 1EconomicsText A Supplementary information1. ThanksgivingIt is an annual national holiday in the U.S. and Canada. Americans celebrate Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of November, honoring the early Plymouth settlers and their harvest feast. They commonly trace the Thanksgiving holiday to

6、 a 1621 celebration at the Plymouth Plantation, where the Plymouth settlers held a harvest feast after a successful season. Although prayers and thanks were probably offered at the 1621 harvest gathering, the first recorded religious Thanksgiving in Plymouth happened two years later in 1623. On this

7、 occasion, the colonists gave thanks to God for rain after a nearly catastrophic drought.第9页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText A Supplementary information2. The invisible handThe invisible hand is a metaphor used by Adam Smith to describe the natural force that guides free market capitalism through competitio

8、n for scarce resources. The general idea is that individuals pursuing self-interest end up doing what is best for society as if guided by an invisible hand. For example, when the price of something increases due to higher demand or lower supply, more people will start producing it. This is done out

9、of self-interest, but it also benefits society. As a whole it will make the goods available to more people as well as lowering the price again.第10页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAdam Smith (16 June 1723 17 July 1790) was a Scottish moral philosopher, pioneer of political economy, and key Scottish Enlightenment

10、 figure. Smith is best known for two classic works: The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759), and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776). The latter, usually abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered the first modern work of economics. Smith is cited as the fath

11、er of modern economics and is still among the most influential thinkers in the field of economics today.第11页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText A Overview1. Summarize the main ideas of Text A.2. Do Task 1/Critical reading and thinking.Use the labor and skills behind the Thanksgiving weekend as examples to illu

12、strate the concept of “the invisible hand”Echo the beginning, emphasizing we should be grateful to the miracle on this Thanksgiving Day and every day第12页/共51页第13页/共51页第14页/共51页第15页/共51页第16页/共51页第17页/共51页第18页/共51页第19页/共51页第20页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText A In-depth analysis2. Focus on some of the difficu

13、lt sentences in Text A by doing Task 2/Critical reading and thinking.3. Have a group discussion about the questions in Task 3/Critical reading and thinking第21页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText B Text Analysis1.What is case study?A case study is a descriptive or explanatory analysis of a person, group or unit

14、. An explanatory case study (e.g. Case 1/Text B) is used to explore causation in order to find underlying principles.第22页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText B Text Analysis2. How do you understand the title “Gifts as signals”?Signaling theory is useful for describing behavior when two parties have access to di

15、fferent information. Typically, the signal sender chooses whether and how to communicate certain information, while the receiver chooses how to interpret the signal. Signaling theory tackles a fundamental problem of communication and applies in various areas.第23页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsBack in 1974, Nob

16、el laureate Michael Spence introduced the notion of signaling in economic thinking. Spence developed the theory of signaling to show how better-informed individuals in the market communicate their information to the less-well-informed to avoid the problems associated with adverse selection. Text B T

17、ext Analysis第24页/共51页Unit 1Economics3. Work in groups of 4-5 to discuss the questions in Task 1/Critical Reading and Thinking/Text B. 4. Read Case 2 quickly and try to summarize the main idea of Case 2 on the basis of Task 2/Critical Reading and Thinking/Text B.Text B Text Analysis第25页/共51页Unit 1Eco

18、nomicsText B Text AnalysisInternet browserWindows operating systemdeterentering the market and offering new productscars today include many built-in productsmonopolyreliableeasier to use80severely limitedchangingcompetitorslow第26页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText B ResearchingForm into teams to do the task i

19、n Researching/Text B. Within each team, there are:facilitator: Think about the whole group and manage the taskMake sure everyone feels included and has a job to do before and during the discussion.Preside over the classroom discussion.recorder:Make notes of the group discussion.Work with the reporte

20、r, who will have to read from the notes.reporter:Summarize and present the results to the class.Speak on behalf of the group.第27页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText B Supplementary informationMicrosoft caseUnited States v. Microsoft Corporation is an antitrust law case. It was initiated in 1998 by the United S

21、tates Department of Justice (DOJ) and 20 states. In this case, Microsoft was accused of abusing monopoly power, and the central issue was whether Microsoft was allowed to bundle Internet Explorer with its operating system. Microsoft claimed that Microsoft Windows and Internet Explorer were inherentl

22、y linked together and the merging of the two was the result of innovation. The case was ultimately settled by DOJ.第28页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText B Supplementary informationMicrosoft caseThe proposed settlement required Microsoft to share its application programming interfaces with third-party companie

23、s and appoint a panel of three people who will have full access to Microsofts systems, records, and source code for five years in order to ensure compliance.20 However, the DOJ did not require Microsoft to change any of its code nor prevent Microsoft from tying other software with Windows in the fut

24、ure. 第29页/共51页Unit 1Economics1.Contribute what you know about the following terms and then give examples as many as possible.Comparative advantageFree tradeText C Text Analysis第30页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText C Supplementary informationDavid RicardoDavid Ricardo (1772-1823) is an English economist who g

25、ave systematized, classical form to the rising science of economics in the 19th century. At age 27, after reading Adam Smiths The Wealth of Nations, Ricardo got very interested in economics. He wrote his first economics article at 37 and then spent the rest of his life as a professional economist. I

26、n one of his most famous books On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, Ricardo clearly illustrates the theory of comparative advantage.第31页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText C Supplementary informationAn inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (国富论国富论)An Inquiry into the Natur

27、e and Causes of the Wealth of Nations，usually abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is Adam Smiths masterpiece. It was first published in 1776, and is widely considered to be the first modern work in economics. Through reflection over the economics at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution the b

28、ook touches upon broad topics as the division of labour, productivity and free market.第32页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsText C Supplementary informationComparative advantageComparative advantage is an economic theory first developed by English economist David Ricardo. A person has a comparative advantage at p

29、roducing something if he can produce it at lower cost than anyone else. And having a comparative advantage is not the same as being the best at something. It can explain why a country might produce and export things that it doesnt seem good at producing when compared directly to another country.第33页

30、/共51页Unit 1Economics2. Do the translation task in Text C. 每每一个精明的一家之主都知道，如果买一样一个精明的一家之主都知道，如果买一样东西所花的钱比在家里自己生产所花的成本要小，东西所花的钱比在家里自己生产所花的成本要小，那就永远不要尝试在家里生产。裁缝不会去做自己那就永远不要尝试在家里生产。裁缝不会去做自己的鞋子，而向鞋匠购买；鞋匠不会去做自己的衣服的鞋子，而向鞋匠购买；鞋匠不会去做自己的衣服，而雇裁缝来做；农民不会去做鞋也不想缝衣，宁，而雇裁缝来做；农民不会去做鞋也不想缝衣，宁愿雇用不同的工匠来做。他们都会为了自身的利益愿雇用不同的

31、工匠来做。他们都会为了自身的利益而采取某种方式来利用整个产业，在这种方式里，而采取某种方式来利用整个产业，在这种方式里，他们会比邻居更有优势，并用自己生产的一部分产他们会比邻居更有优势，并用自己生产的一部分产品或者相同的东西，即以一部分产品的价格来购买品或者相同的东西，即以一部分产品的价格来购买他们所需要的其它任何物品。他们所需要的其它任何物品。Text C Text Analysis第34页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseSpecialized Vocabulary第35页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcade

32、mic language and discourse第36页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseSupplementary informationEffects of parenthetical statementsA traditional parenthetical statement is a thought enclosed in parentheses. Brackets and dashes may also be used. According to Handbook of Effective Writing (b

33、y Walter K. Smart), the information in a parenthetical statement is not crucial to the sentence, but is related to the main statement. The following are possible functions of a parenthetical statement:第37页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseSupplementary informationIt allows a writer

34、to insert extra information without creating a new sentence. The extra information may be too short to require a full sentence. Or if a full sentence is created for the extra information, it may cause a departure from the theme.A parenthetical statement marked by dash can in fact stand out. In other

35、 words, the obvious separation serves to emphasize the interrupter.A parenthetical statement interrupts the normal flow of a sentence, thus creating a variety in sentence rhythm.A parenthetical statement slows down the development of a sentence. This might help to create a sense of suspension.When u

36、sing parenthetical statements, please pay attention to the following points:第38页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseSupplementary informationIf your sentence ends with parenthetical material, place the period outside of the parenthesis. For example, They can be taken from myth, from h

37、istory, or from contemporary occurrence, or they can be pure invention (but even if they are invented, they are nonetheless constructed from the constant materials of real experience, no matter how fantastic the invention). If you have a parenthetical statement independent of a sentence, capitalize

38、the first word and place the period within the parentheses. For example, Her gown was covered with jewels. (Those jewels must have cost a fortune.) Keep in mind that the rest of the sentence should still flow naturally.第39页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseSignpost language3. Additi

39、onal Classroom Activity: Find parenthetical statements in Text B. But your reaction is very different when someone who (you hope) loves you does the same thing. (Para.3)It is costly (it takes time), and its cost depends on the private information (how much he loves her).(Para. 4)Certainly, the case

40、did not lack drama. It pitted one of the worlds richest men (Bill Gates) against one of the worlds most powerful regulatory agencies (the U. S. Justice Department). Testifying for the government was a prominent economist (MIT professor Franklin Fisher). Testifying for Microsoft was an equally promin

41、ent economist (MIT professor Richard Schmalensee). At stake was the future of one of the worlds most valuable companies (Microsoft) in one of the economys fastest growing industries (computer software).(Para. 6)第40页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseSignpost languageThe government cl

42、aimed that Microsoft was bundling these two products together to expand the market power it had in the market for computer operating systems into an unrelated market (for Internet browsers).(Para.7)It also argued that the low price it charged for Windows about $50, or only 3 % of the price of a typi

43、cal computer was evidence that its market power was severely limited.(Para.9)第41页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseFormal English1.What are the differences between formal and informal English?第42页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseFormal English第43页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseFormal English第44页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsAcademic language and discourseFormal English2. Do Task 3 / Language building-up/Text A. 第45页/共51页Unit 1EconomicsListening1. Why is it important to predict before l