历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案解析

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2014年真题改错部分 There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions 1._have possessed the most attention of researchers

2、 in this area: 2._·Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? 3. _ ·What is the explanation for the fact adults have more difficulty in 4._ acquiring additional languages than children have? l· What motivates people to acquire add

3、itional languages? · What is the role of the language teaching in the acquisition of an 5._ additional language? ·What sociocultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all the 6._ appr

4、oaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do so. Whether 7._one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additional language, it is an individual accomplishm

5、ent or what is under focus is the cognitive, 8._psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological 9._factors play a role in the learning or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the cl

6、assroom or acquired through social touch with 10._ native speakers. 专心-专注-专业2014年真题改错部分答案：1. is 添加also a 2. possessed 改为 attracted 词汇搭配 attract ones attention3. the same sense 后添加as one 固定搭配(介词)： the same as 4. the fact 后添加that adults 从句：同位语从句，关系代词that 不可省略5. the language 去掉the , 此处泛指不特指，非特指6. check

7、 改为 review 词汇：纵览，回顾，综述7. attempts 改为attempting 介词后+名词/动名词短语8. or 改为 and 连词： 顺应关系9. involving 改为 involved 非谓语动词：被动关系，用过去分词10.touch 改为 interaction 词汇 interaction 指交流，互动；touch 触碰，指身体接触2013年专八真题改错部分2013年专业八级改错答案及解析：1. production 改为 producing。结构与 understanding 和 remembering 保持一致，后面修饰的都是 language, pr

8、oduction language的表述不正确，producing language才是正确的。2. 去掉 take the language for granted 里面的 the。本文并没有具体指定哪一门语言，是对“语言”这一概念来说的，所以不需要the。另外，通篇的 language 前面都没有 the。3. most of time 变成 most of the time。most of the time 系错误的英语表达。只有 Most of the time 和 most time 的表述。4. looking 改为 look。构成 when you liste

9、n to 和 or look 的对仗。5. 在 we might 前面加上 that，构成 It's only.that 的强调句型。6. has had a stroke 改为 had a stroke。表示这是过去发生的事情。7. their language 改为 his language。句子的主语是 a relative or colleague，这里的主语是单数，所以用 his，为什么一般不用her 呢？男权社会嘛，一说他，基本都是he。8. anyone 改为 someone。固定表达：someone else9. evolved 改为 in

10、volved。evolve 表示“进化”，involve才表示“涉及，关于”。这里明显是说“有关 speaking, listening, writing, andreading 的 processes”，不是 processes 进化为speaking, listening, writing, and reading10. were 改为are。虽然前面有个 given that 表让步，不过，given that 后面不接虚拟语气，所以直接保持整篇文章现在时的时态。2012年专八真题改错部分The central problem of translating has always been

11、 whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) _ century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _ sense not the word; the message rather the form;

12、 the matter not (3) _ the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _ wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6)

13、_ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _ literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov. The a

14、rgument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _改错部分 1. going 后加 on

15、2. cerain 改成 some 3. rather 后加 than 4. is 改为 was 5. in 改为 at 6. 去掉 the 7. view 后加 that 8. 删掉 was 9. statement 改为 statements 10.and 改为 but 2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about    

16、;      1_seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that          2_soon or later I should have to settle down and write books.   

17、;              3_  I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years        4_on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely,

18、 and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my     5_schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from    6_ the very start my literal am

19、bitions were mixed up with the feeling of   7_being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created    8_a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure   9_ i

20、n everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious i.e. seriously     10_intended writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.1， 

21、在grow后加up, 考固定短语2，  改consience为consciousness   考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识”3，  改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语4，  在child前加middle,  考上下文理解。 作者是三个孩子句中的那位5，  改disagreeing 为disagreeable ，disagreeing只能作动名词， 不能作形容词。disagreeable mannernisms 令人讨厌的习惯6，&

22、#160; 改imaginative为imaginary, 考词语区别   imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary翻译为“想象的，虚构的”7，  改literal 为literary , 考词义区别， literal翻译为“字面的”，literary 翻译为“文学方面的”8，  去掉face后的in，face接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法9，  在world后加in或者改which为where, 考定语从句10，   改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness, 考语境。2

23、010年专八真题改错部分So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say          1_the things their speakers want to say.   

24、                                                 2_There may

25、 or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive                3_ peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the

26、 cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the             4_ fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak about snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in       

27、0;    5_ English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect       6_in English, a show of unexpe

28、cted 'primitiveness'. The position is simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar  7_ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms         8_for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environ

29、ments in which Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important.           9_  Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if thes

30、e topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life.             10_ 2010年专八真题改错参考答案1 be后插入 as;    asas引导的比较级2 their改为its;     its代替every language3 There改为It;     It此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式4

31、 Whereas改为But ； 语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas表示对比5 further 改为much    further不能修饰比较级6 come改为bring;      (sth)come to light , bring sth to light  bring to light the defect of English =bring the defect of english to light 揭示英语的缺陷7 similar改为different;    

32、;根据语境应该用different8 will改为would;         虚拟语气9 as important去掉as;      10 the part去掉the或者改the为a       be/become/form (a) part of 是固定短语  09专八改错原题The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesf

33、rom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference           (1)_between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,           learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the

34、               (2)_ little listener  has grown up, and has children of their own, or even          (3)_grandchildren.  The period between learning a nursery rhyme and tra

35、nsmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With       (4)_the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed            (5)_ on within the very hour it is learnt; an

36、d in the general, it passes             (6)_ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five years. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to

37、 have been currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it         (7)_has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed          (8)_along a chain of two or three hund

38、red young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,                         (9)_to let alone that it bears resemblance to the   

39、                                         (10)_答案分析：(1) the further difference改为a further difference（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）(2) 改w

40、hen 为until,    结构not.until翻译为“直到才”(3)their改为his（代词与前文a little listener在单复数上保持一致）(4)something 改为anything 此处指二十到七十的任何时段(5)therefore改为however （根据上下文逻辑关系）(6) in the general去掉the （习惯用法in general 表示总的来说，一般不用冠词）(7) currently 改为current （这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）(8) it has passed改为 it has been pa

41、ssed （与分号前的被动保持一致）(9) live 改为 alive    alive翻译为“鲜活的”，一般作补语；live翻译为“现场转播的；活的”，一般作定语(10) to let alone改为 let alone (let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说2008年专八真题  短文改错  The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is avery natural one, and in result language has played a promi

42、nent         _1_part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate         _2_a given language to show that they are distinctive from another          _3_ race whose hegemony they resent. At the

43、time the United States        _4_split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a           _5_different language from those of Britain. There was even on

44、e           _6_ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favouredthe adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English         _7_ and made the Brit

45、ish learn Greek. At the end, as everyone             _8_ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before.                   _9_Sinc

46、e nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world     _10_that political independence and national identity can be completewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a commonlanguage.20081. in result 改成in consequence， 2 moves改成movements.3 distinctive改成distinct或

47、different4 在time后加when5 accepted 改成realized6 those改成that7 删除on,8 At 改成In9 carrying with 改成 carrying on with10 now改成 ago  07专八真题 短文改错From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can make very positive statements about how language originated. There is no material in any language today a

48、nd in the earliest         1_records of ancient languages show us language in a new and          2_emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language          

49、; 3_originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the           4_necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of a language with a large proportion of such cries &#

50、160;    5_than we find in English. It is true that the absence of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in           6_other grounds too the theory is not very attractive. People of all races and languages make rather similar nois

51、es in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that             7_such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmen and Malaysians whose languages are utterly different, serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference      

52、 8_between these noises and language proper. We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement are largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent,               9_whereas language proper does not consist of signsbut o

53、f these that have to be learnt and that are                  10_wholly conventional.       1, 改and为or,  any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分，在否定句中用or2,  改show

54、为showing, 现在分词作定语3， 删除the,  表示泛指4， 改and为but, 根据语境此处是转折5，改 large为larger, 后面有than,  应该用比较级6，  改in为on, on other grounds “ 基于其它理由”，为固定搭配7，改return为response   , in response to “对作出反应”8，删除on, emphasize sth    emphasize是及物动词 9，在large前加a,   extent 是可数名词，前面要加冠

55、词。 "to a large extent"翻译为“在很大程度上”10，改 these为 those  those that/who为固定形式  2006专八短文改错We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which welive a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as&#

56、160;       1_to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular         2_message: the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a         3_set of grammatical rules whi

57、ch enables him to communicate his              4_thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English              5_speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both th

58、at which he uses active-ly and that which he recognizes, increases in size as he growsold as a result of education and experience.                             &

59、#160;      6_But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the systemremains no more than a psychological reality for the individual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another         7_member

60、 of his linguistic community; he has to give the system aconcrete transmission form. We take it for granted the two most          8_common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And thes

61、e are         9_among most striking of human achievements.                               10_1. 改agreeing为agreed

62、0;  agreed conventions翻译为“习俗”2. words前加the,  此处为特指3. 改in为at   at ones disposal为固定短语，翻译为“由某人做主”4. 改enables为enable，定语从句与先行词vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules保持一致5. 删除the, 此处需要泛指6. 改 old为older, 此处需要比较级7. 改seen为understood，system应该是被理解8. 删除it    take sth for gran

63、ted     take it for granted that9. 改 or为and  ,语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系10. most前加the, 形容词最高级中that一般不能省略   2005年专八真题短文改错        The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for ne

64、xt year much steeper than the current, very low rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common              1 _     stock. I

65、 am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the           2 _     outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from t

66、hose of      3 _    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty     4_        increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in            5 _       graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one's job prospec