u6L3被动语态英语课件

1、Unit 6 Lesson 3Pronunciation and words:mapgallerynationalcornerstraightmuseumappreciatedistance setblockmentioncompassdirectionfollowmethodunfortunatelypositionclearearthworkphonepaintinggovernmentcarrysupermarket1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_7_8_Choose the correst answero 1. There are a lot of beautiful paintin

2、gs in a _. a) compass b)gallery c) distanceo 2. “How can I learn English?” “Speaking, practicing, and listening are good _.” a) positions b) blocks c) methodso 3. The _ government is in Beijing. a) set b) clear c) nationalcBcUnscramble the letters. Then, number the pictures.o 1. The _ (hEatr) is ver

3、y big.o 2. I can _ (looflw) directions on a _(pam).o 3. The _ (mspcaos) is pointing north.Stucture: 读下列句子，并归纳划线部分的构成：oThe sun and the stars can be followed.oA compass is used in any weatheroThe sky cant be seen.oIt can be used in any weather.oA newer method is used被动语态被动语态专项专项Passive voice被动语态的用法被动语

4、态的用法o （1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。o 例如：例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）（不知道电脑是谁偷的）o This bridge was founded in 1981.这座这座桥竣工于桥竣工于1981年。年。o （2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。者。o 例如：例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。玻璃杯是迈克打破的

5、。o This book was written by him.这本书是这本书是他写的。他写的。o Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法o 1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 （2）把谓语变成被动结构（）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词）（根据过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式

6、）。的形式）。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。将主格改为宾格。例如：例如：All the people laughed at him.o -He was laughed at by all people.His brother washes bowls every day主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.改为被动语态1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made

7、 (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +过去分词过去分词Rewrite them in the passive voiceMany students play soccer Soccer is played by many studentsI close the door. The door _ _ _ me.o 1. We open the window every day. The window_ _ _ _ every day.o 2. The girls make a cake. A cake _ _ _

8、the girls .o 3. The children help the teacher. The teacher o _ _ _ the children.o 4. People use computers. _ _ _ _ people.o 5. He sets the clock. The clock _ _ _ _ .o 6. She wrote the book. The book _ _ _ her. o They play football on Sunday.o Lucy does the homework in the evening.o They often use co

9、mputers in class.o We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim y

10、esterday .2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词过去分词o They built the tall building last year.o He took good care of his little brother yesterday.o We cleaned our classroom just now.o They used this room for resting.The tall b

11、uilding was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned byTom tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in ten day

12、s.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+ will+be+过去分词过去分词o We will have a sports meeting next week.o Children will take some photos in the school tomorrow.o The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by

13、 children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They

14、 should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.Exercises：1.Many people speak English.2.People used knives for cutting things.3.We can use the box as a table.4.We should clea

15、n the classroom every day.5.She will repair the bike tomorrow. Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时：现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分

16、词各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时： 情态动词：情态动词：现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ am/is /are + doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done S+ will + be + done S+ am /is /are + being+ doneS+ have/has + been+ doneS+ was/were + done 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题1. 不及物动词无被动语态。o What will happen in 100 years.o The

17、dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。o 1) Need, want, 接doing表被动。o 2)系动词taste, sound , prove, feel, look，smell 等表被动o 3）sell， wash，clean, cook等与副词如well, easily等连用 ，用主动表被动，o This pen writes well.o This new book sells well.o 3. 感官动词(see, look at, watch, notice, feel, hear,

18、 listen to,)或使役动词(make, have , let )使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。o 例：make somebody do somethingo somebody+ be +made to do somethingo see somebody do somethingo somebody +be +seen to do somethingo A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.o My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she

19、passed by.o The boss made the little boy do heavy work.o The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. o 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。词决定。o He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.o He showed me a ticket.A

20、ticket was shown to me by him.o My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father.o 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，应当看作一个整体，不一些动词短语用于被动语态时，应当看作一个整体，不能丢掉其中的能丢掉其中的介词或副词介词或副词。o We cant laugh him. He cant be laugh by us.o He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every

21、 day.o The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.不能转化成被动语态的主动句不能转化成被动语态的主动句o 有的及物动词也可以用作不及物动词，同样也没有被动语态，凡是属于下列情况的主句不能转化成被动语态： o 1. 某些表示状态的及物动词。如：have, own, possess, lack, want, fit, suit, become, last, cost, fail, escape, hold等。如： o Our boss owns grea

22、t wealth. 我们老板拥有巨大的财富。 o 2. 当宾语是反身代词或相互代词时，不能有相应的被动语态。如： o I cut myself when I was cutting meat. 当我切肉时，割伤了自己。 o 3. 当宾语是不定式或动名词时，通常不能有对应的被动句。如： o This might help to bring out the problem more clearly. 这也许有助于使问题明朗化。 主动形式表被动主动形式表被动1. 有些表示状态特征的系动词、感官动词，如look, sound, feel, smell, taste, prove, appear, so

23、und, turn out 等+形容词/名词的系表结构。如： o The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美。 2. 表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如：read, write, act, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink, keep, feel,burn, last, strike, cut等。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。或与表示行为方式的状语连用，或与情态动词连用。如： This coat dries easily. 这件大衣很容易干。 The door

24、wont lock. 这扇门锁不上。 3. 表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, move。如： Work began at 6 oclock this morning. 今天早晨的工作是6点开始的。 4. 少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表示被动含义。如：print, build, cook, fry, hang, build, make。如： o The books are printing. 这些书正在印刷中。 o 5. 介词in, on, under . + 名词构成的介词短语表示被动意义。如： The

25、house facing the tower is in the possession of Mr Bob. 面对着塔的屋子是Bob的。 o 6. 当get, become, go 等动词用作系动词，其表语是过去分词时，可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。如： o The patient got treated once a week. 那位病人一周得到一次治疗。 o 7. 某些不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词如break out, go well, take place, occur等。如： o What body changes occur when the sperm whale dr

26、ives? 抹香鲸潜入水中时，身体会发生什么变化？ o8. want, need, require等动词后用V-ing形式可以表示被动意义。如： oThe machine needs repairing. 这台机器需要修理了。 o9. 形容词worth + V-ing分词时。如： oThis book is well worth reading again. 这本书很值得再读一遍。Put a check ( ) next to the correct answero 1. The light ( ) is turned on in the evening ( ) turns ono 2. Mu

27、sic ( ) enjoys most people。 ( ) is enjoyed byo 3. Backpacks ( ) can use to carry books. ( ) can be used1.-Do you often see him _ the old man? -yes, he is often seen _ the old man. A. helping, to help B. help, to help C. helping, helping2.-Its _ that the underground line No.3 _ in Harbin in 2010. - W

28、hat good news!A. said , was built B. say, will buildC. reported, will be built.3.Your mother _ very young. Thank you. A. looks B. is looked C. looks like()4.-If your homework_, you can play outside. -Really? Ill try my best to do that.A. finishes B. will be finished C. is finished()5.The old parents

29、 must _ well by their children.A. look after B. be looked after C. be looked()6.The boy was made _ the dishes after dinner.A. to wash B. wash C. washing()7.The food tastes _ and _ well. A. well, is sold B. good, is sold C. good, sells()8.Students arent allowed _ in the library.A. speaking B. to spea

30、k C. spoken()9.A new building _ by the workers now.A. is being built B. is built C. is buildingB ABCABo 被动语态考题被动语态考题1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题）南京市中考题） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考题）北京市中考题）A arent take away B taken awayC isnt taken away D be taken away3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市黄冈市中考题）中考题）was told5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by