复习动词的时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时

1、复习动词的时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时。一般现在时(ThePresentIndefiniteTense)的测试5要点：1、表th不受时间限制的客观存在、科学真理、格言等。Waterboilsat100C.Twicetwoisfour.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。Onetodayisworthtwotomorrows.一个今天胜过两个明天。Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。JapanliestotheeastofChina.ShanghaistandsontheHuangpuRiv

2、er.EnglandandFranceareseparatedbytheEnglishChannel.2、一般现在时表示经常地或者习惯的动作，常与频度状语usually,often,sometimes,everymorning,always,regularly以及atpresent,thesedays,nowadays,atthemoment等时间状语连用。MumdoesntdriveaswellasDad.Shestopstoosuddenlyandturnsquickly.PeterusedtoworkinGeneva,butatpresentheworksinLondon.TheHunt

3、susuallyliveinScotland,butatthemomenttheyliveinthesouth.Beingmiddleschoolstudents,youdohomeworkeveryday.3、在口语中，一般现在时往往可和一个表示未来时间的状语连用，表达一个按规定、计划、安排要发生的动作。这种动词是：go,come,fall,arrive,start,begin,meet,stay,take,place,happen等。Whendoyoustart,MrGreen?Thistrainleavesat10:00.MissBlackcomesnextweek.Whendothey

4、leaveforthecountryside?TheystartnextSaturday.A：Isthereanymeetingtoday?B：Yes.Itbeginsat2:30intheafternoon.4、在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Pleaseletmeknowwhenhecomesback.Iwillgotoseehimifitisfinetomorrow.Ifhedoesntlikeit,nor/neitherwillI.5、在某些以here,there开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正发生的动作。Herecomesthebus!汽车来了!Theregoest

5、hebell!铃响了!现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense)的7个测试要点1、现在进行时表示说话时正发生的或者正进行的动作。常与时间状语now,atthemoment等连用。Itisraininghardnow.Donthurry.Iamwritingaletter.Willyoupleaseturndowntheradio?Watchout(当心)!Itsfalling.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Lookatthispictureofabusyrailwaystation.Atrainisstandingatoneoftheplatfor

6、msreadytoleave.Someofthepassengersarelookingoutofthewindowswatchingthelate-comerswhoarehurryingalonglookingforemptyseats.Wearebusyatthemoment.Imsellingcigarettes.Myfatherissellingsomesweets.2、表示现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定在进行的动作。可和时间状语now,thesedays等连用。Sheisstudyinglawwhileherbrotherisstudyingmedicine.Ismydaughterw

7、orkinghardinthefactory,ManagerWang?Howareyougettingalong/onwithyourstudies?Iusuallygetupateight,butImgettingupatsixeverydaythisweek.3、表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作。WearegoingtoRomenextweek.MrBlackisleavingforShanghaiinafewdays.Areyoudoinganythingspecialtonight?4、用在时间和条件状语从句中表达将来正进行的动作。Illtelephoneyouthisafternoon

8、whileImwaiting.Illthinkaboutitwhileyouarewritingthereport.Whenyouaretalkingwithhim,takecarenottomentionthis.IfyouarestandingatthecornerwhenIpass,Illgiveyoualiftintotown.5、现在进行时和动词hope,wonder连用表示婉转的口气。Iamhopingyoullgivemesomeadvice.ImwonderingifImayhaveawordwithyou.Wearewonderingifyouhaveanysuggestio

9、n.6、现在进行时与always,continually,constantly等副词连用表示反复或者习惯性的动作，含有说话人的某种感情色彩，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌、不满等。Heisalwaysaskingsucheasyquestions.Heisconstantlyleavinghisbooksabout.7、少数动词，如jump,hit,kick,knock,drop等瞬间动词用进行时比动作的重复或者即将发生。Heisknockingatthedoor.Thegirlsarejumping.一般现在时和现在进行时的6个区别点区别点一：一般现在时表示经常性的动作，而现在进行时表达现在或者现阶段正

10、发生的动作。Hestudieshard.Heisstudyinghardthisterm.Mywatchworksperfectly.（经常性）Mywatchisworkingperfectly.（短暂性）HelivesinBeijing.HeislivinginBeijing.区别点二：用现在进行时往往带有感情色彩，而用一般现在时只是说明事实。（说明事实）Johndoesfineworkatschool.Johnisdoingfineatschool.（表扬）NowIliveinaverypleasantflat.（事实）NowIamlivinginaverypleasantflat.（满意

11、）现在进行时表达感情色彩时常和always,forever,constantly等连用。Heisalwaysthinkingofhowhecoulddomoreforthepoor.Sheisalwayschangingherclothes.区别点三：一般现在时表示现在发生的动作，现在进行时表示眼前看得见的动作。Boatspassunderthebridge.Theboatispassingunderthebridge.区别点四：一般现在时用来表示永久的情况或者完成的动作，现在进行时表示的暂时或临时性动作。MyparentslivesinCanada.Imstayingwithoneofmyc

12、lassmates.区另U点五：表示知觉、感觉、看法、感情、愿望的动词常不用现在进行时而用一般现在时。如：see,hear,smell,noticetaste,know,think,like,want,wish,have,fit,belongto。ThenecklacebelongstoJenny.Ihearyouwanttodobusinessabroad.区别点六：表示问候性的亲切感多用现在进行时。Howareyoufeelingtoday,XiaoMing?Ihopeyouwillbewellsoon.Howaretheygettingalongwiththeirwork?现在完成时(T

13、hePresentPerfectTense)的6个测试要点1、不带时间状语的现在完成时表示说话之前动作已经完成，而后果和影响至今存在。HehasgonetoEurope.Youcantseehim.Hashehadhissupper?HehasgonetoBeijing.他去匕京了。HehasbeentoBeijing.他去过北京。2、带状语的现在完成时表示动作开始于过去并持续到现在，也许还要持续下去的动作或者状态。Shehasbeenillfortwoweeks.Ihaventseenhimformanymonths.ShehaslearntalotsinceshecametoNo.16Mi

14、ddleSchool3、在用already,yet,before,just,ever,lately,recently这类副词或者频度副词often,sometimesrarely,never,once,twice,threetimes做状语时常用现在完成时。Haveyoueverlistenedtoforeignmusic?Thisisthesecondgame.Theyvealreadywonagame.HeaswellasIhasseenthefilmbefore.Wewenttohaveahaircutonceamonth.4、特别注意由since,for引起的时间状语与现在完成时的连用

15、。since后必须是确定的时间点，而不能是一段时间。Iveknownhimsincewewerechildren.Theyhaventvisitedussince1998.由for引起的时间状语中，介词for常被省去。IvestudiedEnglish(for)alongtime.Formonthshehasntgonetothemovies.5、含下列状语的句子常与现在完成时连用：eversince,inthepasttwoweeks,inthelastfewyears,untilnow,tillnow,uptonow,uptothepresent,sofar,forthelastfewmo

16、nths,overthelastfewweeks.duringthelastfewcenturies。Uptonow,everythinghasbeensuccessful.Inthelast50yearsChinahasmadegreatadvancesinsocialistrevolutionandsocialistconstruction.6、注意现在完成时不能与非延续性动词连用。如：marry,die,leave,start,join,end等。但可以借助这些动词的形容词或状态词与现在完成时连用。HehasbeenmarriedtoJoanforayear.=HemarriedJoan

17、ayearago.ShehasbeenaPartymemberfortwoweeks.=ShejoinedthePartytwoweeksago.=ItistwoweekssinceshebecameaPartymember.一般过去时(ThePastIndefiniteTense)的4个测试要点1、一般过去时表示过去某一时刻或者某一段时间发生的动作或者状态。Lastnightwewenttoenjoyagoodperformance.Iusuallysleepindoors,butIsleptoutdoorslastsummer.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?Onlyabou

18、tfiveminutes.JaneandSimonwalkedherewithme.Icantfindthedictionary.Someoneputitonthetopofthebookshelf.2、表示过去的习惯动作。通常同时间或者频度状语连用。Hesmokedalotfiveyearsago.Wewenttoschooltogetherwhenwewereboysandsowesaweachothereveryday.Thedoctorcameonceaweekandexaminedallwhowereill.3、usedtodo和would常表达过去常干。usedto含有强烈的今昔对比，可以和状态动词连用。而would不能与状态词连用，句中常用时间状语的暗示。Tomusedtoeatouteveryday,butnowhecantaffordit.不能用would)Whenhewasold,hewoul