英语专业本科生系列教材(第四册)Unit4 A View of Mountains

1、homeA View of MountainsRead aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Two: Global ReadingSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementI. Read aloudRead the following passage aloud, making a pause between sense groups.More people around the world

2、 are becoming too fat. / The World Heart Federation in Geneva, Switzerland, reports / that the number of overweight and obese people is increasing. / The organization says / about seven hundred million people around the world weigh too much. / Health experts fear / this increase in obesity will lead

3、 to an increase in the number of people with heart disease and stroke. / The World Heart Federation estimates / seventeen million people around the world die each year from heart disease or stroke. / Research shows / these two conditions are among the mostSection Three:Detailed Reading homeA View of

4、 MountainsRead aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Two: Global ReadingSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementSection Three:Detailed Reading common health problems related to obesity. / Others include diabetes and high blood pressure.

5、 / A new American study says / being even moderately overweight increases the chance of developing heart failure. / The study says / the risk of heart failure is one hundred percent higher among obese people, / compared with those of normal weight. /home1. Nagasaki was the first city in Japan to est

6、ablish links with the west. Nagasaki is also the target for the second atomic bomb dropped by the allies at the end of the World War . On the ninth of August 1945, an American air force bomber unloaded a four-and-half-ton bomb on the north part of the city. Almost one third of its population died in

7、stantly.Read aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesII. Audiovisual supplementQuestions:1. How much do you know about Nagasaki?2. Please talk about some information about the atomic attack in Nagasaki.Documentary episode: “Nagasaki”Answers for reference:Section Three:Detailed

8、ReadingSection Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of Mountainshome2. Three days after Hiroshimas destruction, the US dropped an A- bomb on Nagasaki, resulting in the death of more than 70,000 people before the year was out. Since 1945,

9、tens of thousands more residents of Hiroshima and Nagasaki have continued to suffer and die from radiation-induced cancers, birth defects and still births.Read aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesAnswers for reference:Section Three:Detailed ReadingSection Two: Global Readin

10、g Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of Mountainshome Nagasaki was the first city in Japan to establish links with the west. As early as the 16th century, Portuguese traders and Christian missionaries were visiting Nagasaki and influencing Japanese culture

11、. Of course, Nagasaki, as known from all over the world, is the target for the second atomic bomb dropped by the Allies at the end of World War . On the ninth of August 1945, an American air force bomber unloaded a four-and-half-ton bomb on the north part of the city. Almost one third of the populat

12、ion died instantly. Since then, Nagasaki has become a center for peace campaigns and people from all over the world visit the peace museum. Yuko is one of the guides.Read aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection Two: Global Reading Section F

13、our: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsNarrationhomeRead aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View o

14、f MountainsYuko:Ian Wright:Yuko:Ian Wright:Yuko:Ian Wright:Yuko: DialogueIt exploded in the air.Right.500 meters above the ground.Was it right in the center?No, it exploded in the suburbs of the area. Thats why the number of victims was smaller than that of in Hiroshima.How what was the number of vi

15、ctims? 74,000 people were killed instantly, and another 75,000 people were injured.homeRead aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of Mounta

16、insYuko:Ian Wright:Yuko:Ian Wright:Yuko:Ian Wright:NarrationIn 5 years or so, they developed leukemia.Right, so Died.The figure is still going up for people who died.Yes, yes, thats right.Right.In the 50 years since the bomb was dropped, thousands more people have died from sickness caused by radiat

17、ion.DialoguehomeRead aloud Audiovisual supplementSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainshomeText analysis Structural analysisSection One:Pre-reading Activit

18、iesSection Two: Global ReadingThis piece of argumentative writing falls into three parts. The first two paragraphs serve as an opening part, in which the writer presents his thesis. The following four paragraphs constitute the body of argumentation, in which the author supports his point with eviden

19、ce and reasons. In the final paragraph, i.e. the conclusion of the text, the writer reiterates his main idea.I. Text analysisSection Three:Detailed Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsCultural backgroundhomeText analysis Structural analy

20、sisSection Two: Global ReadingII. Structural analysis Section Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementParagraphs 23examples of the nuclear perilParagraph 1thesis: suggestion of a view of mountains A View of Moun

21、tainsCultural background Paragraph 4 thesis restatement: elimination of nuclear peril for a safer worldhomeText analysis Structural analysisSection Two: Global ReadingIII. Cultural backgroundSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Secti

22、on Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsCultural backgroundThe Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki “Sixteen hours ago an American airplane dropped one bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, and destroyed its usefulness to the enemy. That bomb had more power than 20,000 tons of T.N.T. It had more tha

23、n two thousand times the blast power of the British Grand Slam, which is the largest bomb ever yet used in the history of warfare.” homeText analysis Structural analysisSection Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities

24、Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsCultural background These fateful words of the President on August 6th, 1945, marked the first public announcement of the greatest scientific achievement in history. The atomic bomb, first tested in New Mexico on July 16, 1945, had just been used a

25、gainst a military target. On August 6th, 1945, at 8:15 a.m., Japanese time, a B-29 heavy bomber flying at high altitude dropped the first atomic bomb “Little Boy” on Hiroshima. More than 4 square miles of the city were instantly and completely devastated. 66,000 people were killed, and 69,000 injure

26、d. On August 9th, three days later, at 11:02 a.m., another B-29 dropped the second bomb “Fat Man” on the industrial section of the city of Nagasaki, totally destroying 1.5 square miles of the city, homeText analysis Structural analysisSection Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection

27、One:Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsCultural backgroundkilling 39,000 persons, and injuring 25,000 more. On August 10, the day after the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, the Japanese government requested that it be permitte

28、d to surrender under the terms of the Potsdam Declaration of July 26th which it had previously ignored. home Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingOn August 9, 1945, the day the atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Yosuke Yamahata, a photographer serving in the Japanese army, was

29、dispatched to the destroyed city. The hundred or so pictures he took the next day constitute the fullest photographic record of nuclear destruction in existence. Hiroshima, destroyed three days earlier, had largely escaped the cameras lens in the first day after the bombing. It was therefore left to

30、 Yamahata to record, methodically and, as it happens, with a great and simple artistry the effects on a human population of a nuclear weapon only hours after it had been used. Section One:Pre-reading ActivitiesA View of MountainsSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancemen

31、tA View of MountainsJonathan SchellhomeSome of Yamahatas pictures pictures show corpses charred in the peculiar way in which a nuclear fireball chars its victims. They have been burned by light technically speaking, by the “thermal pulse” and their bodies are often branded with the patterns of their

32、 clothes, whose colors absorb light in different degrees. One photograph shows a horse twisted under the cart it had been pulling. Another shows a heap of something that once had been a human being hanging over a ledge into a ditch. A third shows a girl who has somehow survived unwounded standing in

33、 the open mouth of a bomb shelter and smiling an unearthly smile, shocking us with the sight of ordinary life, which otherwise seems to have been left behind for good in the scenes we are witnessing. Stretching into the distance on all sides are fields of rubble dotted with fires, and, in the backgr

34、ound, a view of mountains. Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of Mountainshome Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading Activ

35、itiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsWe can see the mountain because the city is gone. That absence, even more than wreckage, contains the heart of the matter. The true measure of the event lies not in what remains but in all that has disapp

36、eared. It took a few seconds for the United States to destroy Nagasaki with the worlds second atomic bomb, but it took fifty years for Yamahatas pictures of the event to make the journey back from Nagasaki to the United States. They were shown for the first time in this country in 1995, at the Inter

37、national Center for Photography in New York. Arriving a half-century late, they are still news. The photographs display the fate of a single city, but their meaning is universal, since, in our age of nuclear arms, what happened to Nagasaki can, in a flash, happen to any city in the world. home Secti

38、on Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsIn the photographs, Nagasaki comes into its own. Nagasaki has always been in the shadow of Hiroshima, as if the human imagi

39、nation had stumbled to exhaustion in the wreckage of the first ruined city without reaching even the outskirts of the second. Yet the bombing of Nagasaki is in certain respects the fitter symbol of the nuclear danger that still hangs over us. It is proof that, having once used nuclear weapons, we ca

40、n use them again. It introduces the idea of a series the series that, with tens of thousands of nuclear weapons remaining in existence, continues to threaten everyone. (The unpredictable, open-ended character of the series is suggested by the fact that the second bomb originally was to be dropped on

41、 the city of Kokura, which was spared Nagasakis fate only because bad weather protected it from view.) homeEach picture therefore seemed not so much an image of something that happened a half-century ago as a window cut into the wall of the photography center showing what soon could easily happen to

42、 New York. Wherever the exhibit might travel, moreover, the view of threatened future from these “windows” would be roughly accurate, since, although every intact city is different from every other, all cities that suffer nuclear destruction will look much the same. Yamahatas pictures afford a glimp

43、se of the end of the world. Yet in our day, when the challenge is not just to apprehend the nuclear peril but to seize a God-given opportunity to dispel it once and for all, we seem to need, in addition, some other picture to counterpoise against ruined Nagasaki Section Two: Global ReadingSection Th

44、ree:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of Mountainshome Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Furthe

45、r EnhancementA View of Mountainsone showing not what we would lose through our failure but what we would gain by our success. What might that picture be, though? How do you show the opposite of the end of the world? Should it be Nagasaki, intact and alive, before the bomb was dropped or perhaps the

46、spared city of Kokura? Should it be a child, or a mother and child, or perhaps the Earth itself? None seems adequate, for how can we give a definite form to that which can assume infinite forms, namely, the lives of all human beings, now and in the future? Imagination, faced with either the end of t

47、he world or its continuation, must remain incomplete. Only action can satisfy.homeOnce, the arrival in the world of new generations took care of itself. Now, they can come into existence only if, through an act of faith and collective will, we ensure their right to exist. Performing that act is the

48、greatest of the responsibilities of the generations now alive. The gift of time is the gift of life, forever, if we know how to receive it. Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancem

49、entA View of Mountainshome Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsOn August 9, 1945, the day the atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Yosuke Yamahata, a phot

50、ographer serving in the Japanese army, was dispatched to the destroyed city. The hundred or so pictures he took the next day constitute the fullest photographic record of nuclear destruction in existence. Hiroshima, destroyed three days earlier, had largely escaped the cameras lens in the first day

51、after the bombing. It was therefore left to Yamahata to record, methodically and, as it happens, with a great and simple artistry the effects on a human population of a nuclear weapon only hours after it had been used. A View of MountainsJonathan Schellhome Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:D

52、etailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsSome of Yamahatas pictures show corpses charred in the peculiar way in which a nuclear fireball chars its victims. They have been burned by light technically sp

53、eaking, by the “thermal pulse” and their bodies are often branded with the patterns of their clothes, whose colors absorb light in different degrees. One photograph shows a horse twisted under the cart it had been pulling. Another shows a heap of something that once had been a human being hanging ov

54、er a ledge into a ditch. A third shows a girl who has somehow survived unwounded standing in the open mouth of a bomb shelter and smiling an unearthly smile, shocking us with the sight of ordinary life, which otherwise seems to have been left behind for good in the scenes we are witnessing. Stretchi

55、ng into the distance on all sides are fields of rubble dotted with fires, and, in the background, a view of mountains. home Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSection Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of Mou

56、ntainsWe can see the mountain because the city is gone. That absence, even more than wreckage, contains the heart of the matter. The true measure of the event lies not in what remains but in all that has disappeared. It took a few seconds for the United States to destroy Nagasaki with the worlds sec

57、ond atomic bomb, but it took fifty years for Yamahatas pictures of the event to make the journey back from Nagasaki to the United States. They were shown for the first time in this country in 1995, at the International Center for Photography in New York. Arriving a half-century late, they are still

58、news. The photographs display the fate of a single city, but their meaning is universal, since, in our age of nuclear arms, what happened to Nagasaki can, in a flash, happen to any city in the world. home Section Two: Global ReadingSection Three:Detailed ReadingSection One:Pre-reading ActivitiesSect

59、ion Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further EnhancementA View of MountainsIn the photographs, Nagasaki comes into its own. Nagasaki has always been in the shadow of Hiroshima, as if the human imagination had stumbled to exhaustion in the wreckage of the first ruined city without reachin

60、g even the outskirts of the second. Yet the bombing of Nagasaki is in certain respects the fitter symbol of the nuclear danger that still hangs over us. It is proof that, having once used nuclear weapons, we can use them again. It introduces the idea of a series the series that, with tens of thousan