初中英语名词专练名词的数以及名词的格专项练习

1、名词 名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。（1） 专有名词表示具体的人名，食物名，地名 ，机构名，国名，月份，和节日灯的名词称为专 名词。the WTO December Singapore the Changjiang River 注意：专有名词中各单词的第一个字母需要大写，但其中的虚词，如冠词，介词，连词等 一般不大写， 如 the United Nations 联合国， the Peoples republic of China 中华人 民共和国，也可以把专有名词的所以字母都大写。（2） 普通名词有可数名词和不可数名词。1 可数名词又可分为个体名词和集体名词。 个体名词如： book, stu

2、dent, key. 集体名词如：army, police, family, people. 2 不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词。 物质名词如： water, wind, glass, steel. 抽象名词如：honesty, love, youth. 名词在句中可以作主语，宾语，补足语，表语，同位语，称呼语，状语，定语等。This country is famous for tea. （作主语）Of all the vegetables, I like potatoes best. （作动词宾语）Someone in the next room is singing a popular

3、song about love. （作介词宾语）We are making our school a beautiful garden. ( 作补足语）Happiness is the true value of life. （作表语）These seats are for us students, and those are for the teachers. ( 作同位语） Monica, wont you come in? （作称呼语）Well meet on Monday. (作状语）In the South of China, there grow many banana trees

4、. (作定语） 注意：大多数情况下，名词用单数形式作定语，但只有复数形式的名词作定语仍用复数。 a paper basket 一个纸篓 a shoe factory 一家鞋厂 a film star 一位电影明星a clothes shop 一家服装店a glasses store 一家眼镜店a goods train 一列运送货物的火车 名词的数 可数名词一、规则复数形式：（六种）1. 直接加-s 例 bags2. 以-s,-x, -sh,-ch结尾，在后加上-es. 例bus-buses box-boxes3. 以o结尾的除potato(马铃薯)、tomato(西红柿)、hero(英雄)加

5、es，其余直接加s。 4. 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v加es, 除了roof、proof直接加-s， 例 life-lives wife-wives roof roofs5. 以辅音字母+-y结尾，变y为i 再加-es. 例 city-cities 以元音字母+-y 结尾，直接加-s. 例：boys6. 以th结尾的名词，一般加-s. 例：paths(小道）二、不规则复数形式：1. 变内部元音的情况。woman- women man-menpoliceman-policemenEnglishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-Frenchmen chairman-cha

6、irmenfoot-feettooth-teethgoose-geese2. 词尾发生变化的情况。child-children ox-oxen3. 单复数形式相同 常用分以下几类：表示动物的名词deer 鹿，fish 鱼，sheep 绵羊，bison 野牛，crab 螃蟹表示人的名词Chinese 中国人，Japanese 日本人，Swiss瑞士人，kin 亲属craft及由-craft构成的名词craft 飞机，aircraft 飞机， spacecraft 太空船表示数量的名词Hundred百，thousand千，million百万，dozen一打， score 二十其他series 系列

7、；species种类；means方法 works（工厂）crossroads 十字路口注意：某国人的表达法： a Chinese- two Chinese a Japanese-tow Japanese A Frenchman- two Frenchmen a Englishman- two Englishmen I am a Chinese= I am Chinese I am English= I am an Englishman 特殊的复数形式：1. 集体名词的复数形式，有些集体名词只有复数形式，同时也表示复数意义；作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 goods商品 clothes 服装 tha

8、nks 感谢2. 有些集体名词只有单数形式，但表示复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 police 警察 people3. 有些集体名词常以单数形式出现，侧重整体概念表示单数意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数；若表示多个这样的整体有复数变化形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数。侧重整体中的成员表示复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Almost every family in the country owns a television. These children are all from single-parent families.His family are all Beijing opera f

9、ans.4. 有些集体名词总是不可数，只用单数形式. Poetry诗歌 jewelry珠宝 clothing衣服 furniture 家具5.身兼二职的名词对照表glassfish chickentime 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间orange lightpaper hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发exerciseidea lifework可数练习题主意/意见生命著作不可数锻炼了解生活工作turkeyradioyouthexperience可数火鸡收音机青年人经历不可数火鸡肉无线电年轻、青春经验interest room可数爱好房间不可数兴趣空

10、间【注意】1. family, class等词作为一个整体时视为单数，强调其家庭/族成员或班级成员时视为复数；2. 部分有生命的集体名词本身就是复数的概念： police指警察、警官的总称，本身表示复数。The police(主语)+谓语动词复数 people指人们、人民，本身表示复数。(The)people+谓语动词复数people指民族，有单、复数变化 e.g. fifty-six peoples 五十六个民族三、合成名词的复数形式：1. 中间没有连字符也没有间隔的合成名词将最后一个名词变成复数形式。birthday-birthdaysblackboard-blackboards2. 中间

11、有连字符或间隔的合成名词将其中主要的词变成复数。daughter-in-law -daughters-in-laweditor-in chief-editors-in-chief3. 组成合成名词的单词中没有名词时，则在最后一个词的词尾加-s。go-between-go-betweens(中间人） hang-up-hang-ups（障碍） 四、有两种复数形式的名词：有的名词当具有不同的含义时，其相应的复数形式也不相同。penny 当作“便士”讲，侧重面值时，复数为pence;当作为“便士”讲侧重枚数时，复数为pennies.two pence 两便士 four pennies 四个一便士的硬币

12、people意为“人，人们”时，本身即为复数；people还有“民族”的意思，它的复数形式为peoples.two people两个人 fifty-six peoples 五十六个民族fish 指鱼的“条数”时，其复数形式仍为“fish”，作为“鱼的种类”讲时，其复数形式为“fishes”，指餐桌上的“鱼肉”时，是不可数名词。Two fish 两条鱼 two different fishes 两种不同的鱼Help yourself to some fish. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有复数形式。一、常见的不可数名词： air 空气 chalk 粉笔 hair 头发 meat 肉 money 金

13、钱orange橙汁rice 大米silk 丝绸water 水wood 木头fire 火beef 牛肉coal 煤food 食物health 健康 metal 金属 music 音乐paper 纸salt 盐snow 雪weather 天气 wool 羊毛 ink 墨水 bread 面包 coffee 咖啡 fruit水果 ice 冰milk 牛奶noise 噪声pork 猪肉sand 沙子time 时间wind 风work工作advice 建议blood 血液news新闻fun 乐趣二、可转化为可数名词的物质名词1. 有些物质名词在表达不同意义时可转化为可数名词。wind 风- a wind

14、一阵风rain 雨 - a rain 一场雨snow 雪- a snow 一场雪tea 茶- a tea 一杯茶beer 啤酒- a beer 一杯啤酒coffee咖啡- a coffee 一杯咖啡glass 玻璃- a glass 一个玻璃杯 2. 有些物质名词的复数形式表达特殊含义。rains 大量的雨水，多场雨 woods 森林winds 阵风，多场风 times 时代 waters 水域 sands 沙滩；沙丘seas 海域glasses 眼镜papers 试卷；论文；报纸三、可转化为可数名词的抽象名词：抽象名词一般视为不可数名词，但表示具体事物时，可用作可数名词，可被a/an修饰，也

15、可有复数形式，表示“某种人或物”。beauty 美人或美丽的事物danger 令人感到危险的人或事success 成功的人或事surprise 令人感到惊讶的人或事worry 令人感到烦恼的人或事failure 失败的人或事 名词的格：分为主格，宾格和所有格。名词主格和宾格相同，一般都是名词本身。 名词所有格是表示所属关系的一种形式，有-s 所有格，of所有格和双重所有格三种。 -s所有格的构成1. 一般情况下，在名词词尾加-s. Dicks hobby. 迪克的爱好。2. 若名词已有以-s或-es结尾的复数词尾，直接在其后加撇号-. My parents hope. 我父母的希望。 3. 不

16、以-s结尾的名词复数，直接在其后加-s. Childrens time 孩子的时间。 -s 所有格的用法1. -s所有格大多表示有生命的名词的所有关系。Lucys bag Marys family 2. 表示两人或多人共有时，只变化最后一个名词的词尾；如果为各自所有，各个名词的词尾都要变化。John and Susans father. Japans and Americas problems.3. 不定代词，疑问代词或疑问副词后有时带else,表示“另外的，其他的”，其所有格形式在else后变化，用elses.The e-dictionary is not mine. Its someone

17、 elses. of 所有格1. 用于无生命的事物 Beijing is the capital of China.2. 用于名词化的词 The life of the poor is the biggest problem in this country. 双重所有格-s所有格和of 所有格结合在一起表示的所有关系叫作双重所有格，表示整体中的一个或一部分。两种形式：a. 名词+of+-s所有格 b. 名词+of+名词性物主代词 a cousin of my fathers several friends of mine 练习：He is a friend of my _(brother )

18、. Is she a daughter of _(you)?教学练习一将下列名词变成复数形式。1. hero _ 2. piano _ 3. family _4. knife _ 5. bus _ 6. photo_7. potato _ 8. sheep _ 9. tooth_ 10. policeman _ 11. child _ 12. postman _13. watch _ 14.house _ 15.mouse_二请归类可数名词和不可数名词，将该单词的编号写在相应的位置上。A.book B.milk C.rice D.bun E.soup F.waterG.tea H.hambur

19、ger I.bread J.money K.paper L.deskM.toy N.baby O.season P.egg Q.coffee R.computer S.tree T.meat U.pork V.tooth W.room X.pen Y.beef Z.chair 1.可数_ 2.不可数 _三选择填空。1. They come from different _.A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys2.How many _ do you see in the picture ?A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomat

20、o D.the tomato3. Id like a _ for dessert. Fruit, you know, is good for health.A potato B banana C candy D pie 4. She was very happy. She_in the maths test.A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake5. _are_for cutting things.A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C.

21、 Knife/using D. Knives/using6. remember to give the horse some tree_.A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave7. They got much _ from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories 8. When we saw his face, we knew_ was bad.A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news9. He is hungry. Give him _

22、 to eat.A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads10. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day.A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies11. September 10th is_in China.A. Teachers Day B. Teachers Day C. Teacher Day D. Teachers Day12.-Is the broom under

23、 _ desk? -No, its under_.A. the teachers; my B. teachers; mine C. teachers; me D. the teachers; mine13. Excuse me, where is the_?A. mens room B. mens room C. mens rooms D. men rooms14. The football under the bed is_。A. Lily and Lucy B. Lilys and Lucys C. Lilys and Lucy D. Lily and Lucys15. This is m

24、y _ dictionary.A. sister Mary B. sisters C. sister, Marys D. sisters Marys16. He went to _ shop to buy a shirt.A. a tailor B. the tailor C. a tailors D. the tailors17. Joan is_. A. Marys and Jack sisterB. Mary and Jacks sister C. Mary and Jack sister D. Marys and Jacks sister18. In a few_ time, thos

25、e mountains will be covered with trees.A. year B. years C. years D. years19. Its about _ walk from my house.A. ten minute B. ten minutes C. ten minutes D. ten minutes20. The post office is a bit far from here. Its about_.A. thirty minutess walk B. thirty minutes walk C. thirty minutes walk D. thirty

26、 minutes walk四、根据句意，用方框中所给的单词的适当形式填空，每词仅限用一次。tomato room mistake sheep hand knife excite gift true dentist 3. The audience clapped and shouted with _ when the performer appeared.4. Alice was so careless that she mad many _ in her homework.5. Tim, could you please tell me the _?6. This is Tom and Mar

27、ys _.7. These chocolates are all made by _.8. In Britain, people not only use_ to cut things but also use them to have meals.9. Joanna received many _ when graduating from middle school.10. If theres something wrong with your teeth, youd better go to see a _.11. We need some yogurt, two _ and some h

28、oney to make the salad.12. Australia is famous for its _. 一写出下列名词的复数形式：1. pencil-box _ 2. wife _ 3. Sunday_4. city_ 5. dress _6. Englishman _ 7. match _ 8. Chinese _9. zoo _10. exam_ 11. German _二单词拼写1. I have a lot of _(作业) to do every day. 2. His _(裤子) are new, but mine are old.3. It is the best o

29、ne of the _ (照片) in my family.4. Are they building any _ (图书馆) in the city?5. Can you cut this big pear into two _(半)? 6. At the end of _(八月), you must get ready for the new school year. 7. Trees are planted in most of the mountain v_. 8. I like a_. Its neither hot nor cold.9. T_ comes after Monday.

30、三 选择题1.June 1st is _ Day all over the world. A. Childs B. Childs C. ChildrensD. Childrens2.September 10th is _ Day in China, isnt it?A. TeachersB. TeachersC. TeacherD. Teacher of3._ is made of _.A. Glass; glassB. A glass; glassC. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses4.This is _ news.A. such a good B.

31、 a very good C. so good a D. such good5.What _ it is! Lets go swimming. A. a fine weatherB. fine dayC. a fine dayD. bad weather6.They like Chinese _.A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people7.Lucy and I go to school _ every day.A. on feetB. on footC. by footsD. b

32、y buses8. Are those _? -No, they arent. Theyre _.来源：A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows9. What are you listening to, Jane? _ or _?A. a music; a newsB. music; newsC. music; newsD. music; a news10.How many _ and _ are there in your class?A. boy student; girl onesB. girls students

33、; boys onesC. boys student; girl oneD. girl students; boy ones11.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A. Frenchmen; GermansB. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; FrenchmenD. Germans; Frenchmans12. That bus driver drank two _.A. glass of waterB. glasses of watersC. cups of teaD. cup of tea 13. Mrs.

34、 Smith is an old friend of _.A. Bobs motherB. Bobs mothersC. mother of BobD. Bob mothers14. The tall man with a big nose is _ teacher.A. Tom and CarlB. Toms and CarlsC. Tom and Carls15. There is _ tree in our school.A. a 8-metres-tallB. an-8-metre-tallC. an 8 metres tall典型例题讲解1. They got much _ from

35、 those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories2. I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges3. Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home . A. 25 minutes walk B. 25 minutes walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk

36、4. An old _ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person 5. Help yourself to _. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _. A. rooms number B. rooms number C. room numbers D. rooms numbers7. She has been

37、 in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _. A. family B. house C. home D. room8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters B. Mary and Peter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters9. Li Lei has been to _ many times this month. A. her

38、uncle B. her uncles C. her uncles D. aunts 10. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience D. a lot experience11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago. A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sisters12. A group of _ are talking w

39、ith two _. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen 13.The team _ having a meeting . A. is B. are C. am D. be14. “Would you like _?” “_, please.” A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, Coffees C. a drink, A coffee D. a drink, Three cups of coffees

40、15. The Great Wall was made not only by _, but also the flesh and blood of _ men. A.earth and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions C. the earth and stone, million of D. the earths and stones, millions三 巩固训练：1. This is _ reading-room.A. the teachers B. teachers C. teachers D. the teacher

41、s2. Nothing was found but _ broken.A. the room window B. the rooms window C. the room of the window D. the window of room3. How many_ would you like? A. paper B. bread C. pieces of papers D. pieces of bread4. He was praised for his _.A. brave B. bravery C. bravely D. great brave5. Please get me a ne

42、w _ when you go to town.A. clothes B. dress C. clothing D. trousers6. There are 34_ doctors in the hospital.A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens7. Some_ are even thinner than your little finger.A. bamboo B. bamboos C. kinds of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos8. He was born in this town and now he lives i

43、n _.A. Building second B. Building Two C. the Building Two D. Building the Second9. Old as he is, he has _to do every day.A. a lot of work B. much worksC. lots of homeworks D. quite a lot of homeworks10. Jacks room is furnished with _.A. new furnitures B. many new furnituresC. many new pieces of fur

44、nitures D. many new pieces of furniture11. Have you read _newspaper yet?A. todays B. TodaysC. the todays D. your todays12. Its not far, only _walk from here to our school.A. a ten minutes B. ten minutesC. a ten minutes D. ten minutes13. Last month, he wrote me _letter.A. a 1000-word B. 1000 wordsC.

45、a 1000-words D. 1000 words14. He had a _sleep yesterday.A. a good night B. a good-nightC. a good nights D. good-nights15. _is not a long way to drive.A. Three miles distance B. Three-mile distanceC. Three miles distance D. A three-mile-distance16. His isnt fit for the work. Please get me _.A. someth

46、ing else B. somebody elseC. someone elses D. somebodys else17. Do you know how large _ is?A. population of China B. Chinese populationC. China population D. Chinas population18. _ is too much for the boy to carry.A. The box weight B. The boxs weightC. The weight of the box D. The box of the weight19

47、. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest _ shop?A. shoes B. shoeC. shoes D. shoes20. What _ weather were having these days!A. nice B. a niceC. a bad D. worse21. They say that the meeting will be _.A. of very important B. great importanceC. of great importance D. great important22. Im going to call

48、at _ this evening.A. Mr Black B. the BlacksC. Mr Blacks D. Blacks23. What Darwin said was an attack on peoples religious _.A. belief B. beliefsC. beliefs D. believs24. There are some _waiting for you outside.A. German B. AmericanC. grown-up D. Japanese25. Their factory has developed a kind of _ to he