罗蜜欧与朱丽叶教学版

1、Romeo and Juliet(2014-09-10/17) -By ShakespeareIntroduction: William ShakespeareI. about the author (1564-1616):1. one of the founders of realism in world literature as well as in English literature2. a great master of English language3. the summit of the English Renaissance and one of the greatest

2、writers in the world Famous sayingsA light heart lives long. (豁达者长寿。豁达者长寿。) Do not , for one repulse , give up the purpose that you resolved to effect (不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。目的。)The empty vessels make the greatest sound. (满瓶不响，半瓶咣当。满瓶不响，半瓶咣当。)Images: William ShakespeareLiterar

3、y careerII. Divisions of his literary career.a. the first period(1590-1600) : mainly history plays and comedies-bright, happyb. the second period(1601-1608) : mainly tragedies and tragic comedies-serious, mature, indignant, full of disillusion c. the third period(1609-1612): mainly legendary dramas-

4、serene, pastoralMain features of Shakespeares plays 1. the great successes in vivid characterization and emotional intensity and deep psychological analysis; 2. the adroit (clever,熟练的熟练的) plot construction conflict; 3. skilled in many poetic form 莎士比亚悲剧的特点莎士比亚悲剧的特点（一）它必须以英雄人物的死亡而结束。（一）它必须以英雄人物的死亡而结束

5、。（二）悲剧的主人公必须是贵族。（二）悲剧的主人公必须是贵族。（三）悲剧人物的行动必须出自他们本人（三）悲剧人物的行动必须出自他们本人的意志和内心，即悲剧人物之所以走向不的意志和内心，即悲剧人物之所以走向不幸的结局，不能归咎于客观原因，而应由幸的结局，不能归咎于客观原因，而应由自己负责。自己负责。What is a play?A play is a form of literature written by a playwright, usually consisting of scripted dialogue between characters, intended for theatri

6、cal performance rather than just reading. Plays are performed at a variety of levels, from Broadway, Off-Broadway, regional theater, to Community theatre, as well a University or school productions. The term play can refer to both the written works of playwrights and to their complete theatrical per

7、formance.Tragedy 悲剧就是把人生中美好的悲剧就是把人生中美好的 东西毁灭了给人看。东西毁灭了给人看。 鲁迅鲁迅Tragic plays contain darker themes such as death and disaster. Often the protagonist of the play has a tragic flaw, a trait which leads to their downfall. Tragic plays convey all emotions, and have extremely dramatic conflicts. Tragedy w

8、as one of the two original play types of Ancient Greece. Some examples of tragedies include William Shakespeares Hamlet. 爱情不是花荫下爱情不是花荫下的甜言，不是桃花源的甜言，不是桃花源中的蜜语，不是轻绵中的蜜语，不是轻绵的眼泪，更不是死硬的眼泪，更不是死硬的强迫，爱情是建立的强迫，爱情是建立在共同的基础上的。在共同的基础上的。 莎士比亚莎士比亚Love makes life burning & rich. 在在18、19世纪英国牛津大学图书馆世纪英国牛津大学图书馆的

9、阅览室里，存放着一部的阅览室里，存放着一部1623年版的著年版的著作，而书是用铁链拴在一张高高的桌子上作，而书是用铁链拴在一张高高的桌子上的，人们只能站着阅读，尽管如此，这本的，人们只能站着阅读，尽管如此，这本书仍被人们翻烂了。这本翻烂了的书便是书仍被人们翻烂了。这本翻烂了的书便是罗密欧与朱丽叶罗密欧与朱丽叶。剧本产生的背景剧本产生的背景 罗密欧与朱丽叶罗密欧与朱丽叶是莎士比亚的早期作品是莎士比亚的早期作品,它是根据意大利民间故事写成的一部悲剧。它是根据意大利民间故事写成的一部悲剧。文艺文艺复兴时期，欧洲封建社会逐渐解体，资产复兴时期，欧洲封建社会逐渐解体，资产阶级思想开始酝酿，人文主义是文艺

10、复兴阶级思想开始酝酿，人文主义是文艺复兴时期资产阶级反封建斗争的思想武器。人时期资产阶级反封建斗争的思想武器。人文主义的主要内容是用人性反神权，用个文主义的主要内容是用人性反神权，用个性解放反对禁欲主义，用理性反对蒙昧主性解放反对禁欲主义，用理性反对蒙昧主义。义。它认为人生的目的就是追求个人的自它认为人生的目的就是追求个人的自由和幸福。由和幸福。莎士比亚早期的作品主要是宣莎士比亚早期的作品主要是宣扬这种人文主义思想。扬这种人文主义思想。罗密欧与朱丽叶罗密欧与朱丽叶就就是在这一背景下产生的一部具有是在这一背景下产生的一部具有反封建意识反封建意识的爱的爱情悲剧。情悲剧。Romeo & Ju

11、liet: Plot Summary On a hot morning fighting by young servants of the Capulet and Montague families is stopped by the Prince who tells them that the next person who breaks the peace will be punished with death. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Capulet plans a feast to introduce his daughter, Juliet,

12、 who is almost fourteen, to the Count (伯爵伯爵) Paris who would like to marry her. By a mistake of the illiterate servant Peter, Montagues son, Romeo, and his friends Benvolio and the Princes cousin Mercutio, hear of the party and decide to go in disguise. Romeo hopes he will see his adored Rosaline rz

13、lin but instead he meets and falls in love with Juliet. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Juliets cousin Tybalt recognises the Montagues and they are forced to leave the party just as Romeo and Juliet have each discovered the others identity. Romeo lingers near the Capulets house and talks to Juliet

14、when she appears on her balcony. With the help of Juliets Nurse the lovers arrange to meet next day at the cell of Friar ( fra（天主教的）男修士（天主教的）男修士 ) Lawrence when Juliet goes for confession, and they are married by him. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Tybalt picks a quarrel with Mercutio and his frie

15、nds and Mercutio is accidentally killed as Romeo intervenes （ntrvi:n出面）出面）to try to break up the fight. Romeo pursues Tybalt in anger, kills him and is banished by the Prince for the deed. Juliet is anxious that Romeo is late meeting her and learns of the fighting from her Nurse. With Friar Lawrence

16、s help it is arranged that Romeo will spend the night with Juliet before taking refuge at Mantua. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary To calm the familys sorrow at Tybalts death the day for the marriage of Juliet to Paris is brought forward. Capulet and his wife are angry that Juliet does not wish to m

17、arry Paris, not knowing of her secret contract with Romeo. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Friar Lawrence helps Juliet by providing a sleeping draught （drft顿服水剂顿服水剂 ）that will make everyone think shes dead. Romeo will then come to her tomb and take her away. When the wedding party arrives to greet

18、Juliet next day they think she is dead. The Friar sends a colleague to warn Romeo to come to the Capulets family monument to rescue his sleeping wife but the message doesnt get through and Romeo, hearing instead that Juliet is dead, buys poison in Mantua. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Romeo retur

19、ns to Verona and goes to the tomb where he surprises and kills the mourning Paris. Romeo takes the poison and dies just as Juliet awakes from her drugged sleep. She learns what has happened from Friar Lawrence but she refuses to leave the tomb and stabs herself as the Friar returns with the Prince,

20、the Capulets and Romeos father. The deaths of their children lead the families to make peace, promising to erect a monument in their memory. The themesThemes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. 1. The Forcefulness of Love. Love is a violent, ecstatic, overpower

21、ing (无法抵抗的）无法抵抗的）force that supersedes （su:psi:d取代）取代）all other values, loyalties, and emotions. 2. Love as a Cause of Violence.The themes of death and violence permeate Romeo and Juliet, and they are always connected to passion, whether that passion is love or hate. The themes3. The Individual Vers

22、us Society.Much of Romeo and Juliet involves the lovers struggles against public and social institutions that either explicitly or implicitly oppose the existence of their love.4. Revenge The themes5. The Inevitability of Fate. The mechanism of fate works in all of the events surrounding the lovers:

23、 the feud between their families；the horrible series of accidents that ruin Friar Lawrences seemingly well-intentioned plans at the end of the play; and the tragic timing of Romeos suicide and Juliets awakening. These events are not mere coincidences, but rather manifestations of fate that help brin

24、g about the unavoidable outcome of the young lovers deaths. Analysis of Major Characters Romeo: intelligent, quick-witted, fond of verbal jousting (dast竞争竞争), loyal, and unafraid of danger. Juliet: develops from a wide-eyed (天真的天真的) girl into a self-assured (有有自信的自信的), loyal, and capable woman. 古往今来

25、多少离合悲欢，古往今来多少离合悲欢，谁曾见这样的哀怨心酸。谁曾见这样的哀怨心酸。 -朱生豪朱生豪Questions1.What does Romeo compare Juliet to in this selection?2.What does it mean when Juliet says” That which we call a rose/By my other name would smell as sweet”?3.Why do people refer to Romeo and Juliets love as “young love?”4.What is attractive a

26、bout “young love?”Questions5. Romeo and Juliets love is obviously “love at first sight”. Do you believe in “love at first sight”? Why or Why not?6. Some people say Shakespeare is our contemporary. Do you agree? Please illustrate your opinion with examples from the plays of Shakespeare.中西中西爱情爱情剧的比较剧的比较1. 中西都有大量的爱情剧。中西都有大量的爱情剧。“愿天下有情人终成眷属愿天下有情人终成眷属”是中是中西民族的西民族的共同心理共同心理。作家同情、。作家同情、歌颂歌颂为追求自由恋爱而献身的男为追求自由恋爱而献身的男女，女，憎恨、谴责、控