2021高考英语(新高考版)一轮复习考点考法精练：第一部分+主题三人与自然

1、人与自然一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空一一词形转换1. Children normally feel a lot ofabout their first day at school, so I wasthatI left my son alone in the kindergarten.(anxious )2. When he suddenlyin the classroom , the students were concentrating on listening to theirteacher. His suddensurprised them. (appear)3. Alarge nu

2、mber of people have sent offfor the job. Someof themay be disappointedbecause only one thirdfor it have the chance to be employed.(apply )4. People should beof environmental issues , so we organized an activity last weekend to raisepeople' sof protecting the environment. (aware)5. Having cleaned

3、 the sports facilities, thewent to the grassland to pick up the litter.After his thorough, we saw acommunity. (clean )6. As we all know , smoking is consideredto our health. If you insist on smoking, you willbe ato others because they are forced to take in the second-hand smoke. You should notput th

4、eir lives in, so you had better quit it.(danger)7. Living in the city will put you in touch with people from a(diverse ) of cultures.8. The companyinto several departments. He will be sent to thesalesafter.Besides , enough sleep can make usgraduation. (divide )9. You are right. Regular exercise can

5、keep you full ofand enable us to perform well in exams.(energy )10. Mary was tooto tell her family about thescene because it almostherto death. She was shaking withat the thought of it. (frighten )11. I am theof the project but I can ' tall the work on my own. So my assistanthelps me with the ev

6、eryday.(manage12. I wasn ' t blaming anyon e; I(mere) said errors like this could be avoided.13. Bob is veryof his younger brother and tries every wayhim. I think Bob providestoo muchfor him. (protect )14. To escape theis one of the most obvious reasons why people lie. No onelikes. (punish )15.

7、(1)I have a lot to say into this matter. (relate )(2)Tiredness is directly to a driver ' s response time. (relate ) 16. (1)We all breathed a sigh ofwhen he left. (relief )(2)Being able to tell the truth at last seemed toher. (relief )17. I called to make a tablefor two for seven o ' clock ,

8、only to be told that all thetables . (reserve )18. Everything seemed to be going(smooth) for the first two days after I movedto NewYork.19. of food are almost exhausted in the town , but the foodcannotmore foodwas really a wonder. (survive )to their customers. (supply )20. Hethe accident and became

9、the only. His21. (1)When a fire broke out , help was needed. (urge)(urge)(2)The most thing was to make sure everyone went out of the building. So the firefighters that people leave the building as soon as possible.二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空一一常见搭配1. The local hospital was one of the first to apply(becom® s

10、elf-governing.2. Some experts advocate(improve ) the way we use energy today.3. Large quantities of money(spend) in searching for a cure for this terrible disease sofar.4. This is the best way I could think of to stop the students(break ) the rules.5. Susan is slow in doing anything , so it is neces

11、sary to urge her(complete ) the work ontime.三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词一一固定搭配1. Usually the discount in this shop only applieschildren under the age of ten everywinter.2. Even though we may not be awareit , our actions can stand for our thoughts.3. What traditions in China are disappearing or aredanger of disap

12、pearing ?4. occurred to me that day that art and beauty are the common language of mankind.5. Last spring , I was fortunate to be chosen to participatethe running of the club.6. I think the boy has the potentialpainting , but he needs training.7. 100 years ago , a big fire broke out in the old build

13、ing, leaving itruins.四、写出画线部分在语境中的含义一一熟词生义1. When I met him in the town , he looked straight at me but did not acknowledge me, which made meannoyed.2. He has been teaching for 30 years , and he still devotes himself to the cause of education.3. Keep a measured tone : don' t handle it too lightly

14、 , as people can be offended , especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture (i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names».4. A man narrowly escaped death when a fire broke out in his home on Sunday morning.5. The research team are making their way to the west area with the

15、 purpose of finding where the river rises.6. (1)He smoothed the way for us.(2)Sally managed to smooth over the bad feelings between them. (3)They are introducing new measures to ensure the smooth running of the business. 7. They didn ' t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing thei

16、r bike on the side of the road.A bit later ,they spotted what they assumedwas a dog running alongside a manon a bike.8. A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry , urging antitrust (反垄断的 Regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. 五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空一一不规则变化1.

17、 His careless driving caused a terrible accident. Therefore , he(ban) from driving for three years.2. He is often found (bury) in his work whenever I come here.3. Most of the old part of the city(destroy ) by bombs during the war in 1937.4. A full moon(light ) up the sky. I invited all my family to

18、appreciate it together.5. Jack was working in the lab when the power cut(occur).6. The party ' s share of the vote (rise ) from 11 percent to 21 percent in last month ' s election.7. A young boy climbed up the apple tree and (shake) the branches so that the apples fell.8. A good ideame while

19、 I was walking along the river.(strike )9. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliverwater and food to elderly people(trap ) in the high-rise building.六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子一一写作1 .近年来，人类不负责任的活动和飓风、极端天气等自然灾害给我们造成了极大的损害。因此，我们应该与自然和谐相处，呵护地球，让它成为一个更好的家园。(harm, harmony)2 .在附近社区倡导低碳出行给我的生活带来了很大影响。(

20、advocate , affect )3 .过度捕杀影响了野生动物的数量，有些动物灭绝了，有些处于危险之中。幸运的是，政府已经注意到这种情况并 采取了一系列积极的措施。我们要努力保护环境，只有这样我们才能够成功地阻止这种情况恶化。(hunt,measure, protect , prevent )复习效果测评一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空六一词形转换1 .第一空在a lot of后面，应该用名词，anxiety表示"忧虑"时，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，故填anxiety/anxieties;第二空作表语，用形容词，填 anxious。2 .第一空作谓语，表示过去的动

21、作，填appeared ;第二空作主语，空前有形容词sudden,用名词 填appearance。3 .第一空作宾语 应用名词，application 表示"申请(书)"时，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，故填 application(s);第二空与 Some of the 起构成主语 ，表示"申请人"，填 applicants ;one third (of theapplicants )与动词apply之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故第三空用现在分词作后置定语，填applying。4 .第一空填aware,构成固定搭配be aware of ;第二空在名词

22、所有格后，应该用名词，填awareness o5 .第一空作主语，表示"清洁工"，根据下文的his可知填cleaner ;第二空作宾语，表示"打扫，清洁"填cleaning ; 第三空作定语，表示"干净的"填clean。6 .第一空作主语补足语，表示"危险的"，应用形容词dangerous ;第二空用在冠词后，应用名词danger "危险，危险 因素”;第三空考查固定搭配,in danger表示"处在危险之中"，填danger。7 .考查形容词变换为名词。生活在城市里会让你接触到来自各

23、种文化的人。故此处应填名词diversity 。8 .第一空作谓语,divide与主语The company为被动关系，且表示客观情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，填is divided ;第二空与前面的the sales 一起构成介词to的宾语，应该用名词，依据句意可知，填division ，表示"部 门"。9 .第一空在介词后作宾语，填名词energy ;第二空作宾语补足语，表示"精力充沛的"，填形容词energetic。10 .第一空作表语，表示主语Mary的感受，用形容词frightened 表示"害怕的"第二空作定语修饰名词

24、scene用 形容词frightening表示"骇人的"第三空作谓语，且事情发生在过去，故用动词过去式frightened frighten sb. to death表示"把某人吓得要命"第四空作介词 with的宾语，用名词fright 表示"惊吓"。11 .第一空用在定冠词the后面，表示"经理"，填manager;第二空用在情态动词后且与之一起构成谓语，填manage表示"管理"第三空作主语 在此表示"管理"，填management12 .此处应用副词 merely修饰动

25、词said。13 .第一空作表语，表示"爱护的"，填protective , be protective of sb. 表示"爱护某人"第二空应该用动词不 定式表目的 填to protect ;第三空作主语，表示"保护"，填protection 。14 .第一空作动词的宾语，用名词punishment ;第二空考查like doing sth."喜欢做某事"，此处表示"被惩罚"，填 being punished 。15 . (1)此空考查 in relation to"关于填 rela

26、tion ;(2)此空考查 be related to"与有关"，填 related 。16 . (1)此空用在介词后作宾语，应该用名词，填relief ;(2)此空考查seem to do结构，relieve sb.表示"使某人感到轻松"，填relieve 。17 .第一空考查 make a reservation，表示"预订"，填 reservation ;第二空作谓语 ,all the tables 与 reserve之间为被动关系，且根据前文时态及语境可知，此处应用过去完成时的被动语态，填had been reserved 。

27、18 .考查形容词变换为副词。此处应用副词smoothly修饰动词。19 .镇上贮存的食物快吃完了，但是食品供应商无法给顾客供应更多的食物。第一空作主语，表示"供应量，储备”,此处是可数名词，再结合are可知填Supplies ;第二空作主语，表示"供应商"，供应商不止一家，用名词复数，填 suppliers ;第三空作谓语，且位于情态动词后，填动词原形supply。20 .他在事故中幸免于难，成为唯一的幸存者。他的幸存的确是一个奇迹。 第一空作谓语，由and后的became可知，填动词过去式survived ;第二空表示"幸存者"，填名词su

28、rvivor ;第三空作主语，表示"幸存"，填名词 survival 。21 .(1)空处作状语，表示"迫切地"，填urgently。第一空作定语，表示"紧急的"，填urgent ;第二空作谓语，表示" 敦促"，填urged。二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空常见搭配1.to becomeapply to do sth.表示"申请做某事”。1.1 mprovingadvocate doing sth. 表示"提倡做某事 "。3 .have been spent "quantiti

29、es of + 名词"作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，根据时间状语so far可知，应用 现在完成时，且money与spend之间为动宾关系，故此处用have been spent 。4 .breaking stop sb. (from) doing sth. 表示"阻止某人做某事"。5 .to complete urge sb. to do sth.表示"敦促某人做某事"。三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词一一固定搭配1.to 。 apply to 适用于。2.of 。 be aware of 意识至I。3.in 。 in danger of 有的

30、危险。4.It 。 It occurred to sb. that.某人想到；同义表达有 It struck sb. that.某人突然想到 5.in 。 participate in 参与。6.for 。 have the potential for 有的潜力。7.in 。 in ruins 毁坏，严重受损。四、写出画线部分在语境中的含义一一熟词生义acknowledge熟义:v.承认,感谢。此处表示"打招呼，理会"，类似于greet。2 .cause熟义:v.引起n.原因。此处表示"事业"。3 .measure熟义:v.量，测量，估量。此处measu

31、red是形容词，意为"慎重的"。4 .narrowly 熟义:adv.狭隘地。此处表示"勉强地"。5 .rise熟义:v.上升，上涨，升起。此处表示"发源，起源"，极易理解为"上涨"。6.smooth熟义:adj.平整的，平坦的，光滑的。在(1)中smooth作动词，表示"使平坦"在(2)中作动词,smooth over 表示"缓和"在(3)中作形容词，表示"平稳的"o7.spot熟义:n.斑点，污渍。此处作动词，表示"看见看到"。8.

32、urge熟义:v.敦促，竭力主张。此处表示"驱使，迫使"，类似于force。五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空一一不规则变化1 .banfbannedfbanned。所填词在句中作谓语，且与主语he构成被动关系，又根据caused可知,此处应用一般 过去时的被动语态，填was banned。2 .bury fburied fburied。所填词在句中作主语补足语，表示状态，且bury与主语He之间为逻辑上的动宾关系， 故填过去分词buried 。3 .destroy fdestroyed fdestroyed 。所填词在句中作谓语，主语与destroy之间为被动关系，再根据句中的时 间状语in 1937可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was destroyed。应注意destroy为"元音字母+y"结尾 的单词，其过去式