中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结

1、中考英语复习资料精选中考英语复习资料精选中考英语重点单词和短语用法人总结（88条） 。 cost / take / spend / pay 花费花费时间做某事：It takes sb some time to do sth 。 = sb spend some time (in )doing sth 。= sb spend some time on sth 。某人花钱买某物： sb spend some money on sth 。 = sb pay some money forsth 。 = sth cost sb 。 some money 。X spend 和pay 主语都是人，cost主语

2、是物。spent 还可以指 “度过“ f How did you spend your weekend ?The sweater me 90 yuan 。 = I 90 yuan for the sweater90 yuan on the sweater 。He spent lots of money the mobile phoneIt her 20 minutes to go home every day。 = He 20 minuteshome every day 。42 。 thanks for 为而感谢 inviting me to your birthday partythanks

3、 to 多亏/由于your help 。I got good grades«。感叹句：多么what + 名词how + 形容词/副词。 bad weather ! 。 hard he works。 fresh vegetables ! 。 cute a monkey it is* 。因为、由于 ：because （连词）+从句： （表示原因）because of （介词短语）+ 名词（短语 ）=thanks to I didn ' t go to school I had a headacheHe was late for class the bad weatherHe ca

4、n ' t come he is illMany people have a cold the cold weatherX because和so不能同时连用 。45 o 来自 ： be from = come from(1) Where are you from ? = Where you? He is from Tibet 。 = He Tibet 。46 。 How often对频率提问（多久一次）回答用表示频率的副词或短语How long对一段时间提问（多久）-回答用表示一段时间的状语How soon对将来时间提问（多久）回答用in+时间段How far 询问多长距离（多长）-h

5、ave you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years-do you go shopping ? -Sometimes 。 -will your father come back ? - In two years-do you exercise ? - Once a week-is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles(6) -are you staying there ? - Two weeks，。乘交通工具：take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语by+交通工具=on a 交通

6、工具在句中作方式状语交通工具有： train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane（1） He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus 。 I walk to school 。 = I go to school 。骑自行车、马或驴用ride : ride one ' s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey inone ' s car48 。 对不起：Excuse me （劳驾，客套话 ）Sorry （表示道歉）

7、（1） 。 Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?-Would you mind cleaning your room? - 。 I' ll do it right away-Don ' t eat in class 。 - 。 Ms Clark 。（4） , is this the way to the station ?*。声音：sound （自然界各种声音）noise （噪音）voice （悦耳的声音：嗓子）（1） Lucy has a sweet 。 That like a good idea 。 Don ' t make 。 T

8、he baby is sleeping 。 0 。 look like（外貌看起来像）be like（性格像）(1) Lily Lucy 。 Oh , they are twins Tony a monkey because he is cute and playful 1 。 taketo带去bringto 带来fetch没有方向性（强调来回）(1) Tony 。 the ball here 。 Please 。 My father often me concerts on Sundays your homework school tomorrow 2。一些：some 用于肯定句any用于否

9、定句和疑问句(1) I' d like milk 。-Would you like yogurt ?Thanks 。 I don ' t wantX在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用 some 。 3。多少：How many 修饰可数名词复数How much修饰不可数名词 juice do you want ? apples do you want ?-is the T-shirt ? Tt' s 30 yuan 。X How much 可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ? 4。看：see强调看的结果

10、look ( at )不及物动词，强调看的动作watch观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志(1) Don ' t in bed 。 We will a basketball game this evening Please the blackboard 。 Everyone 。(4) I a bird in the tree yesterday。门 Saturday nightI saw an interesting talk showOn Saturday evening 。 several kids watched a movie 。 watc

11、h a movie =go to a movie 5。 stop doing sth停止做某事 fPlease stop talkingstop to do sth 停下来去做别的事 The girl soon stopped （cry ） 。 He was tired and stopped（have ） a rest 。 6。forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：/forget / remember to do sth （忘t己 /记得去做某事） He forgot to turn off the light 。（没有做关灯的动作） Remember to go t

12、o the post office after schoolforget / remember 后接ving 表示已发生的动作： forget / remember doing sth（忘t己 /1己得做过某事） He forgot turningoff thelight 。 （已做过关灯的动作） Don' t you remember seeing the man before? 7。到达reach + 地点get to + 地点 reach = get toarrive + in + 大地点arrive + at + 小地点(1) He reached London yesterd

13、ay 。 = He to London yesterday 。 = Hein London yesterday 。 She arrived the bus station just now 。 You should ( get )home on time 。当 get to 和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时， 都不加介词。如：get home get there省略to 8。擅长，在方面做得好be good at = do well in36chemistry 。s Singles 。(1) She is good at chemistry 。 = She Niuniu is go

14、od at the violin 。 = Niuniu well in theviolin 。 Lucy and Lily are twin girls 。 Lucy is better dancing than Lily 。 but Lilyin singing than Lucy 。 9。 win ( 赢得)接 a game、 war、a match、 a prizebeat （打败、战胜）接运动员、球队、对手等。(1) Which team the football match ? Wang Hao Ma Lin and the champion of the Men*0。 借 borr

15、ow sth 。 from sb = borrow sb 。 sth 向某人借某物borrow 借入lend sth 。 to sb = lend sb 。 sth 把某物借给某人flend 借出keep延续性动词，与一段时间连用。1) ) Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you your bike me ? You can borrow some money your brother。 = You can borrowyourbrother。 -How long can I the book ?-You can it for two weeks类似用法的还

16、有：buy have put on - wear become - beleave be away from open - be open begin - be ondie - be dead return - be back become He has a doctorHe has a doctor for 10 years2) begin The film hasThe film has for ten minutes421 o 能，会。be able to can派情态动词后面都接动词原形。(1) We should able to finish the work tomorrow。 I

17、 can p play ) the guitar 。 He able to play chess 。*2。 too many 太多 一 修饰可数名词复数-I have too many rules in myhouse 。too much 太多 一 修饰不可数名词Maybe you have too much yin 。much too 太一 后跟形容词或副词原级This coat is much too expensive 。(1) Eating is bad for your health 。(2) It' s cold today 。 You ' d better not

18、 go out 。(3) There are students in the hallways 。 It' s dangerous 。(4) have / has been to去过某地 fHe has been to Beijing 。(现在不在北京)have / has gone to去了某地 He has gone to Beijing 。(现在可能在北京， 或在去北京的途中)have/hasbeen in / at在某地(1) I have ever America twice He has Beijing for ten years- Where is your brothe

19、r ?-He to Hainan(4) you ever Disneyland ?<4o used to do sth 。 过去常做某事This river used to be very clean 。be ( get ) used to doing sth。习惯于做某事 I'm not used to getting up earlybe used to do sth = be used for doing sth。被用于做某事Pens are used forwriting 。(1) XiaoGang afraid of the dark 。 Thebroom is cle

20、an the room 。 = The broom iscleaning the room 。 He living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well(4) Wood making paper/5。belong to + 名词/人称代词宾格（属于）be +名词所有格/名词性物主代词（是） It must Ning ' s 。 = It must Ning The pencil must be (my ) 。 = The pencil must belong to(my )。 This ball to me 。= This bal

21、l is<6 。 can ' t不可能0表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50% 80 %must 肯定、一定 100 %(1) The CD belong to Tonybecause he likes listening to music The notebook be mine。It has my name on it The toy be my grandpa。 After all 。 He is an old man/7。 be made from （由制成）看不出原材料be made of（由制成）看得出原材料(1) The table wood 。

22、 Paper wood 。/8。prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜欢而不喜欢prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜欢做而不喜欢做（1） I prefer （swim ） to （play） balls ° He fish to beef 。 I prefer to （walk ） to work 。*9。一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词：一ed修饰人ing修饰物（1） I want to go somewhere （relaxing/relaxed ） 。 She is in this histor

23、y story 。（interesting/interested ）X interesting （有趣的）一interested（感兴趣的）tiring （累人的）一tired （累的，疲倦的）boring（令人无聊的）一 bored （无聊的）exciting（令人兴奋的）一 excited （激动的）surprising（令人惊讶的）一surprised （惊讶的）relaxing（令人放松的）一relaxed （放松的）embarrassing（令人尴尬的；令人为难的） 一embarrassed（尴尬的；为难的）«0。 the number of +名词复数（的数量）作主语,谓

24、语用单数。a number of +名词复数 （许多、一些） =many(1) The number of students in our class 80 number of students are in Helin Middle School«1。for +一段时间since + 时间点/过去时的句子(1) We have been studying English three years He has been staying here he was five years old We haven ' t seen each other ten years agofo

25、r 和 since 可以相互转换。如： Jenny has been collecting coins for severalyears 。= Jenny has been collecting coins since several years。«2。 除之外 except(不包括在内) Everyone could answer this questionexcept Jim 。besides(包括在内) There are three girls besides me(1) We all passed the exam Li Yang Many other students l

26、ike basketball Guo Xiaojun«3。already 用于肯定句中（已经）yet用于疑问句末（已经）用于否定句末（还）(1) Have you seen the film ? I haven ' t locked the door Mom has watered the flowers«4。否定祈使句 Don ' t + v。No + v.ing / n(1) Don ' t smoke here 。 =here 。 Don ' t take photos 。«5。也 too 放肯定句末和疑问句末-Do you

27、play soccer every day , too ?either 放否定句末also放肯定句中X also放在实意动词前，be之后。(1) She is a girl 。 I am a girl 。 。 He likes collecting things Lily doesn ' t like junk food 。 Her good friend doesn ' t like it 。 (4) - I like soap operas 。 T do , -I can ' t watch TV on school nights 。 T can ' t ,

28、 «6。be strict with sb 。对某人要求严格be strict in sth 。对某事要求严格Miss Zhang her work and she her students«7。需要做某事 need to do sth主语是人need doing sth 主语是物(1) The classroom cleaning 。 It' s too dirty 。 Children to sleepa lot 。 It's very hot and dry 。 You need (wear ) cool clothes and the flowers

29、need (water ) 。«8。throughf介词：从内部穿过 （park）across f介词：从表面穿过cross 动词(road 。 street 。 bridge )(1) Be careful when you the street 。 The manwent the forest The train goes the tunnel(隧道)。(4) He swam the river We drove the desert(沙漠)。 Take a walk the park on CenterAvenue«9。 Why don ' t you do

30、sth = Why not do sth提建议的方式 How /what about doing sthhave a cup of teaLet' s do sth Why don ' t you have a cup of tea Let ' s (go ) out for a walk 。 How about (practice ) conversations ?*0。So +助/系/情态+主语 表不肯定意义（也是如此）Neither +助/系/情态+主语 表示否定意义（也不）派它们都属于倒装句。(1) My mother didn ' t go to sc

31、hool 。my father 。 James comes from theUSA 。Tom。 My pen pal can speak Japanese 。I。 = Me(4) My sister isn ' t outgoing 。I。= Me*1。both 两者都all三者或三者以上都 The twins are good studentsMy There are lots of colorful flowers on sides of the streets There are five people in my family 。 We like playing sportsp

32、arents love us 。 We are very happy 。*2。 alone 单独，独自一人 fHe is alone at homelonely 孤独的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩-He lives a lonely life in the country(1) Sometimes he feels quite because he has no friends She lives in that large house*3 in the tree 外来的f I saw a cat in the treeon the tree长在树上的f There are many apple

33、s on the tree(1) How many monkeys can you see the tree? There are a lot of bananas the tree*4 。 in the wall指在墙体内on the wall指在墙体表面(1) There is a map the wall There is a door the wall*5。 on the bed指物品在床上f My bag is on the bedin bed 指人躺在床上f Lily is ill in bed There is a jacket I have to be by ten o 

34、9; clock 。*6。引导结果状语从句：so和such （如此以至于一）so是副词，后接 adj和adv 。句型:&o+adj/adv+that从句He worked so hard that he got the first prize&o+adj+a( n) +n。+that 从句 =such+a (n) +adj+n 。+that 从句That was sointeresting a story that I read it twice。 = That was such an interesting story that Iread it twice 。such是形容

35、词，后接 n。句型:&uch+a (n) +adj+n 。+that 从句 He is such a hard-working student that all theteachers love him 。&uch+pl 。 / 不可数 n+that 从句It is such good weather that we can goswimming 。(1) He runs fast we can ' catch him 。 Lili is a kind girl we alllove her 。 Tom is a clever boy that he can answe

36、r the question。 = Tom isclever a boy that he can answer the question。 The box is heavy I can ' t carry it 。X 在名词前有 many / much / few / little这些词修饰时，要用so that 。 so that句型的否定形式可用简单句tooto或notenough to代替。如：He is so young that he can ' t go to school 。=He is too young to go to school。=He is not o

37、ld enough to go to school。*7。引导时间状语从句when + 延续性 /短暂性动词- When I was watching TV , he came in 。= Whenhe came in , I was watching TV 。while+ 延续性动词(多用进行时)- While I was in Shanghai , I visited him 。(1) he was sleeping 。 Someone knocked at the door 。= He was sleeping someone knocked at the door 。 the boy

38、heard his mother ' s voice , he stopped crying 。 My mother was cooking I was doing my homework。*8。 at the age of 和 when引导的时间状语可以互换。I began to play football when I was five years old。 = I began to play footballfive。*9。 instead 放句首、句末instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than。(1) I will go to see her

39、you 。 He doesn ' t like beer 。give him coke We often sing English song reading aloud。450。be famous as(作为而知名)as + 职业/身份/地位-Yi Yuchun is famousas a super girl 。be famous for(以而著名)for + 出名的原因 Hangzhou is famous for theWest Lake 。(1) Li Bai is famous a poet 。 Jackie Chan ia famous his actionmovies 。

40、 France ia famous its fine food and wine451。看起来像是似乎/好像 （sb/sth ） seems to do sthvery sad 。It seems that + 从句(1) It he feels very sad 。 = He She seems to want to have a drink 。 =that she to have adrink 。452 o"疑问词+动词不定式”与“宾语从句”的互换 。(1) I will show you where you should go。= I will show you Idon &#

41、39; t know what to do 。 = I don ' t know what 。 A should I do B I should do Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace? = Could you tell mehow Summer Palace ?X 宾语从句应该用陈述语序。如： Could you please tell me(天气如何)in Chongqi ?453。问题/难题question由于疑惑不解而提出的问题，多和 ask / answer 搭配使用。problem 指有待解决的较难的问题或物理

42、/数学方面的题等，多与soke / work out搭配。(1) Please answer my in English 。 I can ' t work out this maths This is a difficult to answer454。family家/家庭（强调家庭成员，与居住的房子无关）- My family are kind people 。home 家（指人出生或居住的地方，带有一定感情色彩）- Welcome to my home? I want to save money andhouse 房子/住宅(居住的建筑物)- They moved to their

43、new house last year(1) How many people are there in your buy a big I love Chengdu , I looked Chengdu as my455。in front of(在前面)在某一范围以外的前面fThere is a tall tree in frontof our classroom 。in the front of （在前部）在某一范围内的前面- Two personsare sitting in thefront of the car 。（1） The policeman stands the car 。 Th

44、e driver sitsthe car 。456。在晚上，在夜里 at nighton + a + adj + night（1） You shouldn ' t go out night 。 He met a thief a cold night457。在之间between （两者之间）多与 and连用。among （三者或三者以上的人或物之间）（1） She is sitting Lucy and Lily 。 He built a house the trees ，458。sometimes 不时；有时（是一般现在时的标志词）fSometimes I go to schoolby

45、 bus 。some times 几次（此时time是可数名词，意为"次数"）fHe has been to Shanghai some times 。sometime某个时间（表示在过去或将来的某个时候） I saw him sometime lastyear 。some time一段时间(此时 time 是不可数名词)f He will stay here for sometime 。(1) We are going to have a party next week 。 the boy is latefor school 。(3) He spent in cuttin

46、g hair 。 So he missed the early bus 。(4) Li Jun has been to Bird ' s Nest 。59。 wear + 衣服/ 鞋帽/眼镜等(强调状态)- Our teacher often wears a pair of glasses 。put on + 衣服 / 鞋帽 / 眼镜等(强调动作)f Kate puts on her hat and goes outbe in + 颜色/服饰(强调状态)- The girl in red is my sister 。dress + 人/ 反身代词(给某人穿)She dresses he

47、r daughter every morning(1) You' d better your coat 。 She was a flower in her hair The boy white is my friend 。 (4) He is too young to himself(5) Miss Li often the white sports shoes 。X dress当表示状态时常用 be dressed in + 衣物(穿着颜色的衣服)f He is dressed in a black coat 。他常穿着黑色的外套。 60。 play + 球类、棋类名词(不力口the

48、 ) play badminton / play chess / playcomputer gamesplay the + 乐器名词。(必须加the) play the violin -Do you like to play football after class, Li Lei ? Yes , I do 。 A。a B。the C 。 / Sam can ' t play (piano ) , but he can play (chess) 。 1。There be 强调"某处有”have强调“某人有”(1) two computers in the room 。 My

49、uncle a car 。X当表示整体与局部的关系时，there be 与have可互换使用。如：There are twelvemonths in a year 。 = A year has twelve months 。一年有十二个月。*2。speak指说话的能力，也可表示“演讲、发言”。其后可以接语言类词汇。say 强调说的内容。say sth 。to sb 。 fPlease say hello to him 。talk指相互之间的谈话。talk to / with sb表示与某人交谈，talk about sb / sth 表示“谈论某人 / 某事"。She is talk

50、ing with her boss 。tell侧重指"告诉"，后接双宾语或复合宾语：tell sb 。sth。f Please tell me thetime 。tell sb ( not )。 to do sth 。 f She told me to wait for her 。X tell 可以和 lie , story 搭配。如： tell a lie / tell a story / tell a joke / tell a truth 。(1) From his face we could see that he was a lie。 She is at them

51、eeting 。 Fangfang she is at home 。 (4) They are about the weather 。 He can ' t it in French , but he can English 。*3。if引导条件状语从句真实条件状语从句一主句是将来时，从句用现在时代替将来。虚拟条件状语从句一虚拟语气(1) If I (be ) a bird , I would (fly )inthe sky 。 If it (not) rain, We willclimb the hill。 If I (win) a million dollars , I would

52、 (travel ) around the world 。(4) If he (study ) hard , he will get good grades 。*4。强调动作强调结果找look for 寻找find找到看 look (at) 看 see 看见听 listen (to)听 hear 听见(1) I amlook for / findmy watch , but I can ' t it anywherelook at / see monkey it is Pleaseyour books , boys and girls 。 What a playfullisten to

53、 / hear Don ' t shout ! I can you 。 Ann likes music with her friends on weekends*5。ago副词，“以前"，一段时间后接 ago。before “以前”，可以用在现在完成时的句子中，还可以是连词，“在一以前”。(1) I have never been there Please call me you go 。 My brother joined the army two years。(4) Long long , There was seven dwarfs(小矮人)in the forest

54、。*6。 别的，其他的 other 修饰名词，用于名词前。- What other animals do you like ?else修饰不定代词/疑问代词/疑问副词，放它们的后面。What else do you have to do ? You ' d better ask some people 。 There is nothing on the desk 。*7。every day 每天，作状语。everyday 日常的，作定语。 We go to school at 7: 00。 What ' s your activity ?468。happen 主要指偶然发生的事

55、take place表示预先决定的事X happen 和take place 都不用于被动语态 A traffic accident yesterday The May Fourth Movement(五四运动) in 1919 。*9。 one the other 一个另一个some others 一些另一些（另一些并不包括全部）somethe others 一些其他的（其他的包括剩下的全部） I have two brothers , is a teacher , is a doctor 。 students are in the classroomare out 。 At the par

56、ty , are dancing , are singing，0。be alive作后置定语living + n 。作前置定语The old man is a great and scientist。He is still，1。 on one ' s + 序数词 + birthday（在某人几岁生日时）in one ' s +整十的基数词的复数（在某人几十多岁时）(1) Edisoninvented many things in his(twenty )。 On my t twenty ) birthday 。 I got a newmobile phone，2。till = until （直到）“延续性动词（肯定式）+ until ”译为"直到为止”“瞬间性动词/延续性动词的否定式not + until