英语划分句子成分句式练习题及答案

1、英语句子成分（一）句子主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语 （二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、 不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语During the 1990s, America n country music has become more and more popular.We ofte n speak En glish in class. class are girls.On e-third of the stude nts in thispleasure.

2、Smok ingIt is n ecessary to master a foreig nTo swim in the river is a greatThe rich should help the poor.Ian guage.When we are going to have an En glish test has not bee n decided.（三）谓语：动词做谓语，谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。1、 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running2、 复合谓语：（1）doesharm to the health.谓语的构成如下:e

3、very morni ng.for two weeks. He由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:has caught a bad cold.You may keep the book（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We arebe, become,表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、Our teacher of En glish is an America n.The weather has turned cold.Three times seve n is twenty one?His hobby is play ing football.Time is up. The cla

4、ss is over.Is it yours?The speech is excit ing.His job is to teach En glish.The mach ine must be out of order.The truth isthat he has never beenstude nts.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如 get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如：划出表语并说出有什么词充当abroad.（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。 例如：Th

5、ey went to see an exhibiti on yesterday.The heavy rain preve nted me from coming to school on time.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. He prete nded not to see me.think （ that ）he is fit forI enjoy listeningto popular music.his office.宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend meyour dictionary,

6、please.2）复合宾语（宾语 + 宾补），例如：They elected him their mon itor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由 名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：His father n amed him Dongming.They pain ted their boat white.Let the fresh air in.You mustn t force him to lend his mone

7、y to you.We saw her en teri ng the room. We found everythi ng in the lab in good order.We will soon make our city what your city is now.（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：名词，形容词，代词，分词，动名词，不定式短语，介词短语等例如：找出定语并看由何种成分充当：Guili n is a beautiful city.China is a develop ing coun try; America is a develop

8、ed coun try.There are thirty wome n teachers is our school.His rapid progress in En glish made us surprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.The teach ing pla n for n ext term has bee n worked out.He is reading an article about how to learn English.（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状

9、态特征的句子成分，叫做 状语。可由以下形式表示：Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）He is proud to have passed the n atio nal college entrance exam in ati on.（不定式短语）He is in the room maki ng a model pla ne.（分词短语）Wait a mi nute.（名词）Once you beg in, you must con ti nue.（状语从句）状语种类

10、如下：How about meeti ng aga in at six?（时间状语）Last night she didn t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）I shall go there if it doesn t rain. （条件状语）Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）She came in with a dicti onary in her hand.（伴随状语）I

11、n order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）I am taller than he is.（比较状语）英语句子结构英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：S十V主谓结构 He runs quic

12、klyS十V十F主系表结构 He seems interested in the book常见的系动词有：look ，seem,，sta nd/sit stillappear， sound， feel ，taste ， smell ， grow，get， fall ill/asleep become, turn 等S 十 V十 O主谓宾结构They found their home easily.S十V十01十O2主谓双宾结构He offered me his seat/his seat to me.带双宾语的动词有 give , ask, bring , offer , send , pay

13、, lend , show, tell , buy, get ; rob , warn 等S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构They named the boy Charlie .说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；O=宾语；O1=间接宾语；O2=直接宾语；。=宾练习一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：I. The stude nts got on the school bus. 2. He han ded me the n ewspaper.3.1 shall an swer your questio n after class. 4. What a beautiful Chin ese pai

14、n ti ng!5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to trainswimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beiji ng.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist.II. He man aged_to_fi nish_the_

15、work_i n_time. 12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it importa nt to master_English.14._Do you have anything else to _say?15. To be hon est, your pronun ciati on is not so good. 16. Would you please tell meyour address?17. He sat there, read ing a n ewspaper. 18. It is our duty to keep our

16、 classroomclea n and tidy.19. He no ticed a man en ter the room. 20. The apples tasted sweet.二、分析下列句子成分1. Our school is not far from my home. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you3. All of us considered him honest. 4.My grandfatherbought mea pair of sportsshoes.5. He broke a piece of glass. 6.

17、He made it clear that he would leave thecity .7. -1 love you more than her, child . 8. Tees turn green when spring comes.9. They pushed the door open. 10.Grandma told me an interestingstory lastni ght.三、 划分句子成分练习题（1）are working on the farm now.is believi ngof us like Kobe Bryant very muchbecame a do

18、ctor in 1998book lying on the floor are mineit begi ns to raincatch the train ,1 got up early yesterdayalways find her happywon ders If I still study En glishletter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of minealways work hard at En glish.said he did nt come.watched her daughter pla

19、y ing the pia no.does nt mean doing.the time I got to the station,the train had left.childre n bought their pare nts a car for the 25th anni versary of their marriage. takes me an hour to get there.语法填空强化练习(1)In the past a gentleman would offer his seat _(1)_ a lady on a crowded bus. But now, he wil

20、l probably look out of the window or hide behind his n ewspaper, _(2)_(leave)the lady sta nding _(3)_ some on eelse gets off.You can t entirely blame men for this change in manners. _(4)_(go) are the days whenwomencould be referred to the weak. A whole generation has grown up demanding _(5)_(equal)w

21、ith menin jobs, in education andin social life. Hold a door for somewomen_(6)_ you are likely to get _(7)_ angry lecture on treat ing wome n _(8)_ weakli ngs. Take a girl out for a meal and she ll probably insiston paying _(9)_ share of thebill. All these, according to some sociologists, will change

22、 men sattitude towards womenand the conventionalactive politeness is perhapsslowly being _(10)_(replace) by true con siderati on for the n eeds and feeli ng of wome n, so that men can see wome n as equal huma n bein gs.语法填空强化练习(2)In the small tow ns of the Un ited States in the _(1)_(nin etee n) cen

23、 tury,thegen eral store was _(2)_ every one bought the thi ngs he could n t make _(3)_growat home. What the stores sold _(4)_(tell) a great deal about _(5)_ life at that time. People bought tools that they needed for farm work; salt, sugar and _(6)_ foods that the farm didn t produce; articles of cl

24、othing thattheycouldntmake_(7)_; shirts for the men; or clothes for the childre n. Life was simple the n.One feels that people were _(8)_(thank) for what they had and that they looked _(9)_ with courage to whatever the future brought. It would be interesting to know how they would feel about the life today. Would it seem to them that life is too complex? Would they enjoy _(10)_(live) a life as we do now?语法填空强化练习( 3)Do you feel _(1)_ difficult to be happy all