中考英语山西版复习练习：第三部分 附录

1、.附录一不规那么动词表一、AAA型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同共10个原形过去式过去分词中文costcostcost花费cutcutcut切;割hithithit撞击hurthurthurt伤害letletlet让putputput放readreadread读setsetset设置shutshutshut关闭spreadspreadspread传播二、ABB型,即过去式和过去分词一样共42个1.过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。4个原形过去式过去分词中文bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoug

2、htthought考虑2.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。2个原形过去式过去分词中文catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教学3.词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。4个原形过去式过去分词中文buildbuiltbuilt建造lendlentlent借给sendsentsent发送spendspentspent花费4.把-eep变为-ept。3个原形过去式过去分词中文keepkeptkept保持sleepsleptslept睡觉sweepsweptswept清扫5.把-ell变为-old。2个原形过去式过去分词中文telltoldtold告诉sel

3、lsoldsold出售6.把-ee去掉一个e。3个原形过去式过去分词中文meetmetmet遇见feedfedfed饲养speedspedsped加速7.过去式、过去分词既有规那么形式也有不规那么形式。6个原形过去式过去分词中文learnlearntlearnt学习burnburntburnt燃烧dreamdreamtdreamt梦想smellsmeltsmelt嗅、闻spellspeltspelt拼写speedspedsped加速8.变-ay为-aid。3个原形过去式过去分词中文saysaidsaid说paypaidpaid支付laylaidlaid放置9.改变元音字母。10个原形过去式过去

4、分词中文getgotgot得到sitsatsat坐findfoundfound发现holdheldheld抓住shineshoneshone照耀winwonwon赢hanghunghung悬挂digdugdug挖loselostlost丧失leadledled引导10.改变辅音字母。1个原形过去式过去分词中文makemademade制造11.改变元、辅音字母。4个 原形过去式过去分词中文leaveleftleft分开standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood理解havehadhad有三、ABC型,即原形、过去式和过去分词都不一样共29个1.ia

5、u变化。5个原形过去式过去分词中文beginbeganbegun开场drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱ringrangrung响swimswamswum游泳2.词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。show除外6个原形过去式过去分词中文drawdrewdrawn画画blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown成长knowknewknown知道throwthrewthrown投、扔flyflewflown飞3.词尾为“i+辅1个+e,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,假设那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。give,

6、hide除外4个原形过去式过去分词中文drivedrovedriven驾驶riseroserisen升起rideroderidden骑writewrotewritten写4.过去分词在过去式后加en。4个原形过去式过去分词中文breakbrokebroken打破choosechosechosen选择speakspokespoken讲wakewokewoken醒来5.过去分词由原形加en构成。4个原形过去式过去分词中文eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下givegavegiven给seesawseen看到死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,

7、死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生才能开展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为进步学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背与进步学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是进步学生语文程度的重要前提和根底。6.其他。6个原形过去式过去分词中文taketooktaken拿走mistakemistookmistaken错误dodiddone做gowentgone去lielaylain躺下wearworeworn穿、戴四、AAB型,即过去式和原形一样1个原形过去式过去分词中文beatbeatbeaten打败五、ABA型,即过去分词和原形一样3个原形过去式过去分词中文comecamec

8、ome来becomebecamebecome变成runranrun跑附录二常考固定搭配/句型序号常考固定搭配/句型汉 语 意 思例句1would like to do sth想要做某事I would like to join the English club.2afford to do sth 负担得起做某事He cant afford to study abroad.3agree to do sth 同意做某事I agreed to go skating with him. 4decide to do sth make a decision to do sth决定做某事I decided t

9、o learn to play the piano.I make a decision to learn to play the piano.5fail to do sth未能做成某事I failed to get good grades. 6hope/wish to do sth希望做某事I hope to get a wonderful toy.7hope that.希望I hope that my dream can come true.8offer to do sth主动做某事He offered to give a seat to an old man on the bus.9pla

10、n to do sth方案做某事Li Hua plans to have a trip on his summer holiday. 10pretend to do sth 假装做某事He pretended to fall asleep when his mom came back.11prepare to do sth准备做某事I prepared to pass this exam with hard work.12promise to do sth承诺做某事We promised to sweep the Central Park.13refuse to do sth回绝做某事He r

11、efused to go swimming on Saturday.14tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事My teacher told me to go to her office.15ask sb to do sth让某人做某事My mother asked me to take the rubbish.16allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事My mother allowed me to go out with my friends.17encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事My teacher encouraged us to exerc

12、ise every day. 18死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生才能开展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为进步学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背与进步学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是进步学生语文程度的重要前提和根底。expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事一般说来，“老师概念之形成经历了非常漫长的历史。杨士勋唐初学者，四门博士?春秋谷梁传疏?曰：“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也。这儿的“师资，其实就是先秦而后历代对老师的别称之一。?韩非子?也有云：“今有不才之子师长教之弗

13、为变其“师长当然也指老师。这儿的“师资和“师长可称为“老师概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“老师，因为“老师必需要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。Do you really expect me to believe you?这个工作可让学生分组负责搜集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一换。要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探究、环保等多方面。如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多那么材料。假如学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗?1

14、9invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事Lisa invited me to attend her birthday party. 20remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事He reminded me to close the window.21teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事My father taught me to ride the bike.22warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesnt want to end up like him.2

15、3avoid doing sth防止做某事You should avoid making mistakes in your homework.24consider doing sth考虑做某事Linda is considering finishing her homework.25finish doing sth完成做某事I had finished doing my homework by 6:00.26keep on doing sth继续做某事Please keep on writing diaries.27keep sb doing sth让某人一直做某事Dont keep me w

16、aiting.28mind doing sth介意做某事I dont mind eating outside.29practice doing sth练习做某事She is practicing doing exercise.30put off doing sth推延做某事We cant put off thinking up a plan for the party.31stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事My mom stopped me from staying up late.32prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事The stones

17、 can prevent people from getting ill.33remember to do sth记得去做某事Please remember to clean the blackboard after class. 34remember doing sth记得做过某事I remembered winning a prize in Grade 7.35forget to do sth忘记去做某事Dont forget to finish your homework on time.36forget doing sth忘记做过某事I forget borrowing a dicti

18、onary from the library. 37cant help doing sth忍不住做某事I cant help laughing after hearing the joke.38cant wait to do sth迫不及待做某事I cant wait to go on the school trip.39make sb do sth让某人做某事The loud music made me want to leave. 40keep sb+adj.make sb+adj.使某人The mistakes made his father angry.41see sb do sth看

19、见某人做了某事I saw him come out from the office.42see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事I saw him playing football when I passed by the playground.43hear sb do sth听见某人做了某事I heard a man turn off the TV just now.44hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事I heard him singing while I was doing my homework.45used to do sth过去常常做某事I used

20、to live in London.46be used to do sth 被用来做某事Wood is used to make paper.47be used to doing sth习惯做某事Im used to playing basketball after school.48prefer doing sth to doing sthprefer sth to sth喜欢胜过He prefers swimming to running to keep healthy.49prefer to do sth rather than do sth.喜欢做某事胜过做某事I prefer to

21、listen to tapes rather than watch movies to improve my listening.50would rather do sth than do sth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事He would rather repair the bike than buy a new one.51look forward to doing sth期望做某事I look forward to entering a good high school. 52pay attention to doing sth注意做某事Pay attention to checking th

22、e answer before handing in your homework.53stick to doing sth 坚持做某事I stick to achieving my dream by hard work.54be busy doing sth忙于做某事Im busy practicing running these days.be busy with sth忙于某事Im busy with my homework.55be interested in.show an interest in.对感兴趣Im interested in English. 56be good at.擅

23、长Im good at singing.57be good for.对有好处Drinking milk is good for health. 58be famous for.因而著名China is famous for tea. 59be famous as.作为而知名Lu Xun is famous as a writer. 60be strict with sb对某人要求严格My father is strict with me.61be strict about sth对某事要求严格Our teacher is strict about our mistakes.62be full

24、of.充满The room is full of happiness.63be proud of.为自豪My parents are proud of me.64take pride in.为骄傲My parents take pride in me.65be willing to do sth乐意做某事I am willing to help you if possible.66be afraid to do sthbe afraid of doing sth害怕做某事Im afraid to speak loudly in public.Im afraid of speaking loud

25、ly in public.67be afraid that.害怕Im afraid that I cant attend the meeting.68sth be worth doing某事值得被做This novel is worth reading. 69the best way to do sth做某事最好的方式I think taking notes is the best way to learn grammar.70by doing sth通过做某事You can remember words by making word cards.71How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!多

26、么啊!How cold it is today!72So+be/情态动词/助动词+主语也是He is a student. So am I.73Neither+be/情态动词/助动词+主语也不是She doesnt like eggs. Neither do I.74give sth to sbgive sb sth给某人某物He gave a magazine to me. 75provide sb with sthprovide sth for sb提供某人某物My teacher provided me with some information about the car.76buy

27、sb sthbuy sth for sb为某人买某物I bought some flowers for my mom on Mothers Day.77some.others.一些其他的Some people like swimming, and others like fishing.78one.the other.一个另一个She has two sons. One is a pilot, and the other is a scientist.79on the one hand.on the other hand.一方面另一方面On the one hand, the students

28、 need to work hard. On the other hand, they need to relax.80thank+sb.+for doing sth.感谢某人Thank you for coming to see me.Thanks for your invitation.81比较级+and+比较级越来越It becomes colder and colder in winter.Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.82the+比较级.,the+比较级越,越The more you read, the faster y

29、ou will be. 83one of+the最高级+名词复数最之一Tom is one of the most outgoing boys in our class.84there is sth. wrong with.有缺点Theres something wrong with the watch.85not.at all根本不The camera isnt expensive at all.86not.any more不再He didnt play the piano any more.87not.until.直到才He didnt go home until he cleaned u

30、p the park.88neither.nor.二者都不Neither the medicine nor rest can help the unhappy king.89both.and.二者都He is good at both physics and science.90not only.but also.不但而且Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch.91not.but.不是而是He didnt go to a mov

31、ie but stayed at home yesterday.92either.or.或者或者Either you or I will have the chance to give a speech.93as soon as.一就He turned on the TV as soon as he came back home.94as long as.只要As long as he arrived, he called his uncle to pick up him.95as.as possible/one can尽可能She practices speaking English as

32、much as possible.96make a difference to.对产生影响So together, our action can make a difference and lead to a better future.97play a part in doing sth参与做某事Everyone should play a part in saving the sharks.98fall in love with.爱上He fell in love with this city.99.instead of/rather than.代替,而不是He went to the p

33、ark instead of visiting his grandma.附录三初中英语写作中常见的十二种句型详解句型一There be.有There will/be going to beThere was/wereThere used to be表示“有例如:1There are many traditional folk stories about this festival.2There will be an English speech tomorrow.3There used to be a tree in our neighborhood.注意点:there be句型连接并列主语时

34、,谓语动词的人称和数要遵循“就近原那么。例如:1There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil box.2 There are two eggs and some meat in the fridge.句型二it作形式主语Its+adj.+for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是的,在该句型中,it是形式主语,动词不定式to do sth. 是真正的主语。例如:Its important for us to learn English well. Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.与Its+adj.+of sb.+to

35、 do sth.的区别:1用介词for时,常用表示事物的特点、特征或表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult,important等。例如:Its important for you to do sports.2介词为of时,常用表示人物性格、品质或主观感情、态度的形容词,如good,nice,clever,kind等。例如:Its kind of you to help me.Its not enough to do sth.做某事是不够的Its time for sth.是干某事的时间了Its time for sb. to do sth.对某人来说该干某事了Its o

36、nes turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了Its a good idea to do sth.做某事是个好主意例如:Its not enough to just study hard.Its time for the meeting. Its time for us to go to school.Its your turn to show your ideas.Its a good idea to learn new words by making word cards.句型三it作形式宾语主语+find/consider/think+it+adj./n.+动词不定式例如:I f

37、ind it possible for us to finish the work on time.句型四感慨句1.what引导的感慨句1What+a/an+adj.+n.单数可数+主语+谓语!What a big difference a day makes!2What+adj.+n.复数+主语+谓语!What great inventions he had made!3What+adj.+n.不可数+主语+谓语!What fine weather it is today!2.how引导的感慨句1How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!How fast he ran in the 100-m

38、eter race!2How+主语+谓语!How I wish to join the football club!句型五花费1It takes sb. some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些时间2sb. spends some time on sth./in doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花时间干某事3sb. spends some money on sth./in doing sth.某人花钱在某物上/花钱干某事4sth. costs sb. some money某事花某人一些钱5pay some money for sth.为某事物付钱例如:It took m

39、e two hours to go home on foot. He spends half an hour in reading English every morning. He spends one hour on the housework every day.The bike cost me 298 yuan.I spent 298 yuan on the bike. I paid 298 yuan for the bike.注意点:cost主语一般为物;spend、pay主语一般为人。句型六提建议的句型1Why not do.?为什么不干某事?2Lets do.让我们干某事吧。3S

40、hall we do.?我们干某事好吗?4Would you like something/to do sth.?你想要什么吗?你想要干吗?5Will you please do.?请你干某事好吗?6What How about doing.?干某事怎么样?7You could/may/should/must你能/或许/应该/必须8be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事9be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事10Youd better do sth. 最好做某事11Its best to do sth.最好做某事例如:Why not go and ask

41、our teacher?Shall we go out for a walk? That sounds boring. Lets go to the zoo. Would you like something to drink?What about singing an English song?We are supposed to shake hands when we meet people for the first time in China.Youd better finish your homework as carefully as possible.句型七so+形容词/副词+t

42、hat.such+名词性词组+that.如此以致例如:Tom is so helpful that everyone likes him.The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.注意点:1.such+a+形容词+名词+that.,可以改写成:so+形容词+a+名词+that.。例如:She is so good a teacher that we all love her.=She is such a good teacher that we all love her.2.在such

43、+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that.构造中,形容词假如是many/few或much/little时,用so不用such,即so+many/few+可数名词复数+that.,so+much/little+不可数名词+that.。例如:1There are so many people in the room that I cant get in. 2The man has so much money that he can buy a car. 句型八too+形容词/副词+to do.太而不能例如:1My brother is too young to go to school. 2Tom

44、 is too angry to say a word.注意点:这是一个否认句型,不能在不定式前加 not,可以用so.that sb. cant.构造改写,例如例句1可以改写成:My brother is so young that he cant go to school.。句型九so that.以便/为了例如:1I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.2They got up early so that they can c

45、atch the early bus. 注意点:在例句1中,是引导目的状语从句;在例句2中,是引导结果状语从句。句型十1have fun in doing sth. 愉快地做某事=have a good/great time indoing sth.2have problems/trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困难=have a difficult/hard time in doing sth.例如:We had a great time volunteering in the old peoples home.We have problems in understandi

46、ng what he says. 句型十一尽力做某事1try to do sth.尽力做某事2try ones best to do尽某人最大的努力去做某事3make an effort to do sth.努力做某事4put more effort to do努力做某事例如: He will try to improve his spoken English.You must try your best to study English well.If we make an effort to achieve our dreams, we will make it.句型十二让某人做某事1ma

47、ke/let sb do sth2sb be made to do sth3ask/tell/order sb to do sth4sb be asked/told/ordered to do sth例如:The loud music made me want to leave right now.I was made to drink milk every day by my mother.My mother asked me to take out the rubbish.I was asked to take out the rubbish by my mother.附录四初中英语构词法

48、分类表英语构词法主要有:合成法、派生法、转化法和缩写简写。1.合成法:由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词。如:friend+shipfriendship, head+acheheadache, basket+ballbasketball, play+groundplayground等等。2.派生法:在一个单词前面或后面加上一个前缀或后缀构成新词。1前缀除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,不改变词性;后缀一般改变词性,而不引起词义的变化。表示否认意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等,在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词

49、。例如:appear出现disappear消失correct正确的incorrect不正确的lead带着mislead误导possible可能的impossible不可能的stop停下non-stop不停的地2后缀后缀通常会改变单词的词性,构成意义相近的其他词性;少数后缀还会改变词义,变为与原来词义相反的新词。1构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence,-er/-or 从事某事的人,-ese 某地人,-ess 雌性,-ful 一的量,-ian 精通的人,-ist 专业人员,-ment 性质;状态,-ness 性质;状态,-tion动作;过程等。形容词变名词去t加-ceconfidentconfiden

50、cedifferentdifferencepatientpatience形容词变名词加nesshappyhappinessillillnesskindkindnesssadsadnesssicksickness形容词变名词加-ty/ydifficultdifficultysafesafety形容词变名词其他deepdepthhighheighttruetruthyoungyouth动词变名词加-mentagreeagreementachieveachievementdevelopdevelopmenttreattreatment动词变名词加-er/or/ractactordancedancerdirectdirectorwritewriterinventinventorwinwinnervisitvisitorrunrunnerleadleadero