高考英语核心语法归纳练习(一)名词联盟(含练习答案)

1、课标高考英语核心语法复习汇编 提纲列表式归纳，课标考点分项练。 了解课标高考真题，明确语法核心考点 近两年课标卷“语法填空”对比分析表课标卷题号 20142015提示词答案简析提示词答案简析61bewasV谓语arrivearrivedV谓语62actualactually形容词副词无before/earlier副词63无the冠词itits人代物代64无or连词无that/which关系代词65reduceto reduceV非谓不定式paintingpaintings名词复数66cleancleaner形容词比较级无by介词67无that/which关系代词beisV谓语68amazeam

2、azingV非谓语conductconductedV非谓语69changechanges名词复数regularregularly形容词副词70patiencepatient名词形容词livelivingV非谓语课标卷题号 20142015提示词答案简析提示词答案简析61bebeingV非谓语buildbuiltV非谓语62无and连词无the冠词63disappointdisappointedV非谓语ableability形容词名词64无to介词useusingV非谓语65catchcaughtV谓语slowslowly形容词副词66stopto stopV非谓不定式coolto coolV非

3、谓不定式67rideridingV非谓语无at介词68无did助动词gogoesV谓语69Ime/mine代词主格宾格naturenatural名词形容词70suddensuddenly形容词副词 无how连接副词高考英语核心语法归纳练习Outline 名词联盟（冠词、数词、名词、代词、介词） 动词王国（谓语和非谓语） 形容词副词协会 连词家族和句子系列 名词联盟板块整合综述：名词为中心，冠词打前站，一带一路，数词代词来作伴，还需介词作中介。冠词，数词，代词和介词围绕名词使用，服务名词。例：Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is a famous fairy ta

4、le in the world, which has 冠 数 名 介 代been very popular with children. 冠词一备考目标题型及考点点拨 语法填空：不给提示词的设空，应缩小词类范围为虚词，冠词是其中之一，容易考到不定冠词和定冠词。【高考真题集锦】（2015课标卷II）The adobe dwellings(土坯房）are admired by even _62_ most modern of architects and engineers. （2014课标卷）Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outst

5、anding examples of environmental cleanup.答案： 62. the 63. the短文改错：遗漏、多余及不定冠词和定冠词错用的情况。 书面表达：正确使用冠词。二概念：冠词(art.) 用在名词前，帮助说明名词。包括不定冠词，定冠词和零冠词。 三冠词用法（一）零冠词情况总结所谓用零冠词，即既不用定冠词，也不用不定冠词。这类情况主要有：1. 表泛指的不可数名词或复数名词前。如：Snow was failing. 正在下雪。Children get a better education today than at any time in the past. 现今

6、孩子们受的教育比过去任何时候都好。2. 倒装的让步状语从句中：在as(虽然)引导让步状语从句前面的单数可数名词前不用冠词。如：Child as he was, he knew how to help others. 他虽是个孩子，但已知识如何帮助别人。3. 某些特殊词前：例如在man(人，人类), word(消息)的前面不用冠词。如：Man is a rational animal. 人是理性的动物。Word came that he had married again. 有消息说，他又结婚了。又如动词 turn(变成)，go(变成)后作表语的名词前通常用不用冠词。如：He was a tea

7、cher before he turned writer. 他在成为作家之前是教师。4. 独立主格结构中：在表示伴随或补充说明用用的独立主格结构中，名词前不用冠词。如：The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着书。He was sitting in the chair, pipe in mouth. 他坐在椅子里，嘴里叼着烟斗。5. “(a) kind sort of名词”结构的“名词”前：该结构中的“名词”不管是单数还是复数，其前都通常用零冠词。如：This kind of book is very interesting. 这种书很有趣。H

8、e is the sort of person I really dislike. 他这种人我真不喜欢。6. 表抽象意义的单数名词前：当单数可数名词含义抽象化具有形容词意味时，通常用零冠词。如：I was fool enough to accept his offer. 我接受他的提议真是太傻了。Are you man enough for this dangerous job? 你有勇气敢做这项危险的工作吗?（二）不定冠词规则不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面, a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。1. 表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如：There is

9、a dog lying on the ground.2. 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如：An elephant is much stronger than a man.3. 表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如：He is a teacher of English.4. 表示“一”这个数量。如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.5. 用于一些习语、固定短语中：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双),

10、 a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿, 等等。（三）定冠词规则1. 指上文已经提到过的人、事、物。2. 表示独一无二的事物前。例如：the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth地球3. 用于方位名词、某些专有名词前。例如：the east东方 the Great Wall 长城 the Yangtze River 长江 t

11、he United States美国4. 表示演奏乐器的名词前。例如：play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin拉小提琴 5. 姓氏复数前加the表示一家人；某些形容词前加the，表示一类人。例如：the Georges 乔治一家人 the rich 富人 the young 年轻人 the blind 盲人6. 用在形容词的最高级前。例如：the largest country in the world 世界上最大的国家7. 用于系数词前表示顺序。例如：the first term 第一学期 the second lesson 第二课 the twenty-firs

12、t century 二十一世纪8. the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越来越”例如： The more exercise you take，the healthier you will be.你锻炼得越多，身体就越健康。冠词练习一、单句填空 （一空一词）1. Have you heard _ news that the price of petrol is going up again?2. We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across _ continent. 3. My neighbor a

13、sked me to go for _ walk, but I dont think Ive got _ energy. 4. Its not _ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break. 5. Students should be encouraged to use _ Internet as _ resource. 6. I ate _ sandwich while I was waiting for _ 20:08 train. 7. _ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ hea

14、d. 8. In many places in China, _ bicycle is still_ poplar means of transportation. 9. I looked under _ bed and found _ book I lost last week. 10. -How about _ Christmas evening party? -I should say it was _ success. 11. Many people have come to realize that they should go on_ balanced diet and make

15、room in their day for exercise. 12. -Could you tell me the way to_ Johnsons, please? -Sorry, we dont have_ Johnson here in the village. 13. Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in_weather around the world. 14. We can never expect _ bluer sky unless we create _ less polluted wo

16、rld. 15. This area experienced _ heaviest rainfall in _ month of May. 16. In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language. 17. Lets go to_ cinemathatll take your mind off the problem for_ while. 18. The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters lon

17、gthe height of _ 9-story building. 19. What _ pity that you couldnt be there to receive_ prize! 20. I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got_ rough idea of_ project plan. 21. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. 22

18、. The foreign visitors are greatly impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new China. 23. If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have_ better view. 24. In most countries, a university degree can give you _ flying start in life. 25. It took us quite a long tim

19、e to get to the amusement park. It was _ three-hour journey. 二、语篇填空 ADear Editor, Im writing to tell you about 1 _ discussion weve had about whether 2 _ entrance fee should be charged for parks. Opinions are divided on 3_ question. 60%of 4_students are against 5 _ idea of entrance fees. They believe

20、 6 _ public park should be free of charge. People need 7_ place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to 8_ appearance of 9_city. On 10 _other hand, 40%

21、 think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggest fees should be charged low. Yours truly, Li Hua BWhen 1_ plane from London arrived at Sydney airport，2_workers began to unload 3_ number of wooden boxes which

22、 contained clothing. No one could account for 4_ fact that one of 5_ boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up6 _ box. He was astonished at what he found. 7_ man was lying in 8_ box on top of a pile of woolen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that

23、he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, 9_ man admitted hiding in the box before 10_ plane left London. He had had 11_ long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to 12_ wooden box for over eighteen hours. 13_ man was ordered to pay $ 3,500 for the cost of 14 _ trip. 15_ no

24、rmal price of 16 _ ticket is $ 2,000!三、单句改错（一句一错）（1） After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. （2） Some people read the books or watch television while others have sport

25、s. （3） Good health is persons most valuable possession.  （4） Modern people know more about the health， have better food， and live in clearer surroundings.  （5） 

26、There is public library in every town in Britain. （6） Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. （7） Today I visited the Smiths  my the first visit to 

27、an American family. （8） Each player must obey captain,  who is the leader of the team. （9） Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday.

28、0;（10） Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.（11） For an example, when I was a child, rain was a mystery（奥秘）。 （12） We may be one family and&#

29、160;live under a same roof. (13)As everyone knows,  itis famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.（14） When I was a boy， the most exciting thing was to&#

30、160;celebrate Spring Festival. （15） On the Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over the weekend. （16） And every year more and more people start a&#

31、160;stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime. （17） Ten minutes later，the firemen came and put out fire. （18） In small vill

32、age like this，everybody knows everybody else. （19） Only few of the children can read such books. （20） For long time neither of us spoke to each other. （21） Look

33、，a girl in blue is my cousin. （22） Look！ A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful. （23） She asked whether we came from same city. （24） The mountain 

34、;was covered with the snow all the year round. （25） You dont know what wonderful time weve had. （26） People made the fun of her because she wore such strange

35、60;clothes. （27） Soon the plane was out of the sight. （28） Great changes have taken the place in my hometown since 1978. （29） In the word,  he is a good

36、60;student and all of us like him. (29） Her sister，who is nurse，will marry one of the doctors in the hospital. (30） It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed

37、 it very much. (31） It was raining hard，so I had to borrow a umbrella. (32） My friend Mary comes from an European country.（33）Mr. Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.

38、数词一备考目标题型及考点点拨 听力测试：辨听时间、价格、电话号码等与数字有关的信息，敏捷反应，准确记录并能进行简单的换算。 短文改错：基数词和序数词的正确使用。 书面表达：正确使用数词表达年月日时等时间，正确使用数词对名词计数。二数词分类：数词有基数词和序数词两种。英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。三基数词：表示数目的词叫基数词。英语中常用的基数词有：123456789101112onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve13141516171819thirteenfourteenfifteensixteensevente

39、eneighteennineteen2030405060708090100twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyone(a) hundred2335101twenty-threethirty-fiveone hundred and one三序数词：表示顺序的数词叫序数词。1、 英语的序数词基本变法： (1) 一般在基数词后加th, (2)-ve结尾的改为-fth, (3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth, (4)熟记特殊词。2、序数词如下：1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thfirstsecondthi

40、rdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth13th14th15th16th17th18th19ththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth20th30th40th50th60th70th80th90th100thtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethone hundredth21st22nd23rd35th101sttwenty

41、-firsttwenty-secondtwenty-thirdthirty-fifthone hundred and first四数词的用法：1、表示年份：2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.2、表示日期： 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December；2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.3、表示时刻： 5：15 five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8：30 eight thirty或half past eight ; 10：45

42、ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven.4、表示编号：Room 105Room one 0 five; Bus No.13Bus Number Thirteen; P.5Page Five; Tel.No.7658659Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine5、小数的读法：5.7 five point seven, 0.16 zero point one six.6、“半”的表达： 1/2half, 半小时half an hour, 1.5小时one and a half hours或one hour

43、 and a half. 7、序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。如：The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(我们把课文读再读一遍好吗？)数词综合检测（100分）一、用相应的基数词和序数词填表。（20×0.5=10分）基数词序数词1 one 1st2 two2nd3 three3rd4 four4th5 five5th6 six6th7 seven7th8 eight8th9 nine9th10 ten10th11 11thele

44、venth 12 12th13 13ththirteenth14 14thfourteenth15 15thfifteenth16 16thsixteenth17 17thseventeenth18 18theighteenth19 19thnineteenth20 20thtwentieth30 30th40 40th50 50th60 60th70 70th80 80th90 90th100 100th1,0001,000tha thousandth1,000,0001,000,000tha millionth1,000,000,000a billion1,000,000,000th二、根

45、据英语写出下列算式。（5×1=5分）例：Four plus six is ten. 46 =101. Twenty-seven minus nine is eighteen. _2. Six times eleven is sixty-six. _3. Twelve plus nine is twenty-one. _4. Forty-eight divided by four is twelve. _5. Eight and seven makes fifteen. _三、翻译下列的数词短语。（10×1.5=15分）1. 二分之一 _ 2. 三分之二 _ 3. 五分之四

46、_ 4. 9 3/4 _ 5. 13.57 _ 6. 第79页 _ 7. 0.92 _ 8. 在20世纪80年代_ 9. 第123路公交车 _ 10. 在2014年1月5日_ 四、根据汉语意思填上适当的数词或数词短语（注意其形式）。（10×1=10分）1. They arrived in twos and _.他们三三两两地到达了。2. The earth is _ times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。3. A stitch in time saves _. 小洞不补，大洞吃苦。（一针及时省九针。）4. The grain output is _

47、 higher this year than that of last year.今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。5. The production of steel has been increased by _ this year.今年钢产量增加了4倍。6. You _ are on duty today. 今天你们仨值日。7. This necklace is worth _francs. 这条项链价值500法郎。8. Nearly _people live in the east. 差不多有1亿人生活在东部。9.Marx began to learn Russian in his _. 马

48、克思五十多岁时开始学习俄语。10. Fortunately, this ring has been lost for _ years. 幸运的是，这个魔戒失踪了数百年五、阅读填空（根据阅读的短文用适当的数词短语完成表格）。（10×1=10分）A Television AdvertisementDo you want a new dress, a coat, a pair of shoes? See what you can order from your Easyway Catalogue. Now fill in your Easyway shopping list. You ca

49、n find womens sweaters on Page 4. You can find womens shoes on Page 7. You can find mens suits on Page 13. Now womens coats, Page 5. Mens coats, Page 15. Childrens coats, Page 55. Mens trousers, Page 14. Baby clothes, Page 40. Childrens dresses, Page 44, Mens sweaters, Page 16. Childrens shoes, Page

50、 60. Look at the Catalogue. You can find clothes for all the family. Welcome to Easyway Shopping. Well send you another catalogue next month.Easyway Shopping CatalogueWomens sweatersPage 4Womens coatsWomens shoesMens suitsMens trousersMens coatsMens sweatersBaby clothesChildrens dressesChildrens coa

51、tsChildrens shoes六、语法填空（用基数词或序数词或数词短语填空）。（10×1=10分）On Thursday, the (1) _ (one) family will begin a (2)_ (10天) vacation on Marthas Vineyard, where they spent part of last summer.President Obama stops at a store while on vacation on Marthas Vineyard in (3)_ (2009年8月).For most of the year, the po

52、pulation of Marthas Vineyard is about (4)_ (15,000). During the summer, more than (5)_ (100,000) people crowd the island. In addition to the Obamas, you might see some Hollywood stars and other rich and famous people.Many summer visitors also travel to Nantucket, another island in the Atlantic near

53、Massachusetts. They like this island for its beaches, its open land and its trees.Nantucket is smaller than Marthas Vineyard. It is about (6) _ (50) kilometers from the Massachusetts coast. Many visitors say the most interesting part of the town is the area of homes. The island is known for its smal

54、l gray houses with roses growing on them. Signs on some of the houses say they were built as long ago as (7) _ (17) century. The public may enter (8) _(14) historic homes now open as museums.Humans are not the only visitors to Nantucket. More than (9)_ (350) kinds of birds visit the island each summ

55、er. So people who like to watch birds return year after year.Over (10) _ (90%) of the visitors today to both Nantucket and Marthas Vineyard say that they enjoy almost everything about the islands except other visitors.七、短文改错（至少有10处数词或与数词有关的词用错，请更正）。（10×1=10分）Reading Interests of Senior Middle School StudentsRecently a survey has been d