阅读之主旨及推测

1、2014BHaveyoueverwantedtostopeatingsomethingsweetbutyoujustcouldn't?Isthefirstthingyoudowhenyougethomefromschooltolookinthebiscuittin?Canyoueatahugebarofchocolateallbyyourself?Canyousay“no”tosweetsatparties?Ifyoucan't,thenthereisareason.perhaps,you'reasugaraddict（有瘾的人）！Doesthatsoundfunny?

2、Well,doctorssaythatpeoplewhoeatsweetsregularlycaneasilybecomeaddicted成瘾的）tosugar.Whatsmore,mostsugaraddictsdoritevenrealizethattheyareaddicted!Sugaraddictionisseriousbecauseitcanreallydamageyourhealth.Doctorssaythatweshouldeatfoodwhichishealthysuchasfreshfruitsandvegetables,andthatwshouldn'teata

3、lotofsugar,fatorfastfood.Butsugaraddictscan'tfollowthisadvice.Theyknowtheymuststopeatingsweetfood,buttheycan't.Sowhatcanyoudoifyouthinkyou'readdictedtothetasteofsugar?Well,hereissomeadvice:Eatsomefreshfruitswhenyoureallywantsomethingsweettoeat.Cutdownonsweetfoodslowly.Don'ttrytostope

4、atingitallatonceYouhavetotellyourparents.Iftheyknow,theywillhelpyou.80. Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromthepassage?A. Freshfruitsarethebestfoodforus.B. Weshouldn'teatsugartokeephealthy.C. Parentsmayhelpyoutogiveupbadeatinghabits.D. It'sverynecessarytostopeatingsweetfoodatonce.81. What'sthemainidea

5、ofthepassage?A. Someadvicetostopeatingsweetfood.B. Theimportanceofhavinggoodeatinghabits.C. Thereasonswhypeoplebecomeaddictedtosugar.D. Somethingaboutsugaraddictionandhowtogiveitup.CNaturally,Americanschoolchildrenloveholidays.Andtheygetalotofthemeachyear.BesideshavingnationalholidayssuchasThanksgiv

6、ingandPresidents'Dayofffromschool,studentsgetlongerbreaksinthespringandduringthesummerholidays.Infact,kidsintheUSonlygotoschoolforabout180daysayear.Tostudents,holidaysareperfect.However,parentsthinkthereareadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ontheonehand,schoolholidaysallowfamiliestospendtimetogether.Man

7、yAmericanparentstaketimeofffromworkduringJune,JulyorAugusttotravelwiththeirchildrenonvacationseitherintheUSorinaforeigncountry.Ontheotherhand,schoolchildrengetmuchmoretimeoffschoolthanparentsgetvacationtime.Thismeansthatparentswithyoungchildrenmayhavetopaymoreinbabysittingordaycarecosts.Aswell,thelo

8、ngsummerholidaysmeanthatstudentssometimesgetbored.Besidesgoingontripswiththeirparents,Americanstudentsenjoytakingpartindifferentkindsofactivitiesduringtheholidays.Forexample,somekidsenjoysummercampsandoutdooradventure（冒险）holidays.Suchtripsaregreatforadventurousstudents.Theyalsohavealottoofferstudent

9、swhoareritusuallyinterestedintraditionalPEactivities.Youcandocoursesinsurvival（生存）skills,forexample.Studentslearnhowtomakeacampintheforest,whichwildfoodtheycaneatandhowtofindtheirwaybacktothecenter.Studentswhoarenotexcitedaboutsummercampsandoutdooradventuremaytakepartincoursesincomputergamedesign,fi

10、lmmakingandphotographyduringtheholidays.Finally,thetraditionalschooltriptoforeigncountriesisalwayspopular.Studentscanpracticetheirforeignlanguageskillsandexperienceeverydaylifeinadifferentculture.B.SchoolHolidaysintheUS.D.OutdoorAdventureintheUS.85.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. SchoolTrips

11、intheUS.C.SchoolActivitiesintheUS.2013WhenIcrossedasmallroadonmyfirstdayinKolkata,IwassurprisedbecauseIheardabellnotahorn（喇叭）.Itwasatinymanpullingarickshaw（黄包车）.Hestoppedandpickeduptwochildrenfromthefrontdooroftheirhouseandpulledthemtoschool.Formanypeople,therickshawinKolkatahasmanyadvantages.Whenth

12、etrafficisbad,rickshawfindawaythroughthetraffic.Ifyoumissyourbusandtherearen'tanytaxis,youcanalwaysfindarickshawinKolkata.Rickshawsarealsoverypopularwithlocalshoppers.Thedrivertakesyoufromyourhousetothemarketandwaitedforyou.Thenheloads装载）allyourthings,dropsyouoffoutsideyourhomeandhelpsyouunload.

13、Noothertypeofpublictransportoffersthiskindofservice.FromJunetoSeptember,Kolkatagetsheavyrain.Sometimeitrainsfor48hourswithoutabreak.Insomepartsofthecity,theroadflood（水淹），andanythingwithanengine（发动机）isuseless.Buttherickshawdriversneverstopworking,evenwithwaterallaroundthem.Butnoteveryonethinksricksha

14、wsareagoodthing.Thelocalgovernmentwantstobanrickshaws.Theybelieveitiswrongforonemantopullanotherpersonwhenthereismoderntransportinthecity.However,thereisaproblemwiththisplan.Manyoftherickshawscomefromthecountryside.TheonlyjobtheycanfindinKolkataispullingarickshaw.Ifthecitybansrickshaws,thesemenwon&#

15、39;thaveajob.Soforthemoment,thepeopleofKolkatastillgobyrickshaw.79. What'sthemainideaofParagraph1?A. TherickshawdriverscarrythingsforlocalpeopleinKolkata.B. ParentsneedrickshawsfortakingchildrentoschoolinKolkata.C. RickshawscanfindawaythroughthebadtrafficinKolkata.D. Rickshawsareveryusefulforthe

16、people'sdailylifeinKolkata.81.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A. TherickshawsinKolkatahaveloudhorns.B. TherickshawsisstillapartofpublictransportinKolkata.C. Thelocalgovernmentoffermanyotherjobstotherickshawdrivers.D. ThepeopleinKolkataaresupposedtotakerickshawsinsteadofcars.NathanSawaya'schildh

17、oodwasalotoffun.Hedrawcartoons,wrotestories,andplayedwithplastictoybrocks（积木）.Hisgrandparentsboughthisfirstsetoftoybrickswhenhewasfiveyearsoldandhe'sbeenbuildingwithtoybrickseversince.Heeventookhisbuildingbrickstocollegewithhim!Insteadofbooksandacomputer,hehadamodelofGreenwichVillagemadeofbricks

18、onhisdesk.Nathanstartedasalawyerbutgaveuphishighly-paid（高薪的）jobtobecomeanartistthatusestoysinhisart.HeusestoybrickstobuildeverythingfromtheStatueofLiberty（自由女神像）toSuperman!Hehasmorethan15millioncoloredbricksinhisworkingroominNewYorkwhichheusestomakepiecesofart.Hestartedbybuildingsmallmodelsbutthende

19、cidedtodosomethingbigandcreatedaself-portrait自（画像）.Ittookhimtwodaysjusttobuildtheeyes.Nathan'sworkhasappearedinmuseumsaroundtheworld.Childrenlovehisartbecauseitismadeoutofthesametoysthattheyplaywithathomeandadultslovehisworkbecauseitisfascinating.Sinceitbeganin2007,Nathan'sexhibition“TheArto

20、ftheBrick”hasbeenverypopularwithmuseumvisitorseverywhere.“I'mproudthatItookadreamIhadasachild,tobecomeanartist,andIhaveactuallymadeajoboutofit,”saysNathan,“Todowhatyouloveinlifeonhismostimportantthing.”85.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A. TheBrickArtistB.TheBrickExhibitionC.ToyBricksforAdu

21、ltsD.TheArtist'sChildhood2012BWehumansareonlybornwithonesetofeyes,soit'sourjobtotakecareofthemforourwholelives.Thegoodnewsisthatifwedoafewsimplethingseveryday,wecanmaintain（保持）oureyesightandreduce（减少）theriskofeverhurtingoureyes.Almostalldoctorsagreethatwecanimproveandmaintaingoodeyesightbyea

22、tinglotsoffreshfruitsandvegetables.Itisespeciallyimportantforustoeatvegetableslikecarrotsandsweetpotatoes.Besides,weneedtoprotectoureyeswhenwespendalongtimeinabrightsunlight.Thebestwaytodothisidbywearingsunglassesthathave100%UV（紫外线）protection.What'smore,itisnecessarytoprotectoureyeswhenweworkwit

23、hdangerouschemicals（化学物质）.Forthisreasonweshouldalwaysweargogglesinchemistrylabsatworkoratschool.Finally,weshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeinfrontofthecomputerforalongtime.Thatiswhydoctorsadviseifwehavetouseacomputerforalongtime,weshouldtakeashortbreakeveryfifteenorthirtyminutes.Maintaininggoodeyesightisimp

24、ortant.Ifwedothesefewsimplethingswecanprotectoureyesandreducethechancesoflosingoureyes.AsthepopularEnglishexpressiongoes,"It'sallfunandgame,untilsomeonelosesaneye."Whenpeoplesaythis,theymeanthatlosinganeyeisaveryterriblething.81.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FunandGameswithOu

25、rEyesB.CaringforOurEyesC.TheRiskofHuntingOurEyesD.BornwithOneSetofEyesCHowwouldwetravelwithoutmaps?Itwouldbeabitadventurous（冒险的）tosetofffromOxfordUniversitytogotoLondonBridgeiftherewasn'tamapoftheLondonUndergroundateachstation.Infact,alotoftheearlymap-makerswereadventurersandexplorers,especially

26、inthelate15thand16thcenturies.Sowhatdidpeopledobeforethereweremaps?Well,itwasquiteeasytousenaturalsignslikemountainsandriversifyouweretravellingonfootorridingahorse.Peopletooksmallboatsdownriversandfollowedcoastlines.Anditwasmuchmorelogical（合理的）tousetime,notdistance,tomeasure（计量）journeys:thenextvill

27、agesisathree-hourride,forexample.Infact,intheearliestmaps,peopledidn'tdrawlandmarks.Theydrewthestars.Itwasveryeasytoseethenightskyanduseitfornavigation（航行）.Theskywasalotclearerbeforethelightpollutionfromcitiesthatwehavetoday.Whentownsandcitieswerebuilt,peopledrewroadmapswhichgavecorrectdistances

28、anddirections.TheLondonundergroundwasopenedin1863anditalsousedaroadmapstyle.ButamancalledHenryBeckrealizedthattravellingbytrainwasn'tthesameasdrivingyourcaracrossLondon.PassengersonlyneededtoknowwhichstationstochangeathisnewdesignortheUndergroundmapwasn'tverypopularwiththetraincompaniesatfir

29、st.Butthepassengersloveditandin1993,700,000copieswereprinted.Thesedays,ofcourse,youcanrideabike,driveacarorgothroughaforestandknowwhereyouareexactly,usingaGPS.It'sreallydifficulttogetlost.！85.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.MapshavealonghistoryC.Wecan'ttravelwithoutmaps2011B. Wenevergetlostt

30、hreedaysD. HenryBeckdesignedanewmapBWelcometotheAmazingkidsWebsite!Hereyoucanreadaboutcleverchildrenallovertheworld.Gina,whoisthirteenyearsold,gotfirstprizeinthe“YoungCookoftheYear”competitionandisnowwritingherownrecipe（烹饪）bookforkids."Iwantittobefuntoreadandeasyenoughforchildrentouse,"she

31、says.Ginalearnedbyobserving观察）herfather,who'salsogoodatcooking,inthekitchen.Shewantstoencourageotherchildrentocookbecause“everyoneneedstoeat,soit'saskillthatwillalwaysbeuseful!"Fourteen-year-oldBrenusedtoloverunninguntilhehadaseriouscaraccidentthreeyearsago;Helostpartofoneleganddidn'

32、;tevenexpecttowalkagain.Nowhe'sanathletewhohasrecentlycompletedamarathon.“AftermyaccidentIwanttogiveup,"hesays.“ButnowI'mhappytobealiveandabletocontinuerunning."Helgahasalwaysbeengoodatscience,butshethoughtitwastoodifficulttobecomeaninventor.Thensheheardaboutanaccidentthathadhappen

33、edwhenacarhitatraininhertown.“Thatgavemeanidea."saysthecleversixteen-year-oldgirl.Itlooksheroverayeartoinventaspecialmachinethattellscardriverswhenatrainiscoming.Onecompanyisalreadyinterestedinsellingit,soitmaybeintheshopssoon!81.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AmazingKids,SpecialAbilit

34、iesB.HowtoBeaGoodStudentC. DifferentPeople,DifferentIdeasD.HowtoGetLivingSkillsCDoctorsWithoutBorders（国界）Chrisisnotatraditionalexplorer（探险家）heusuallyworksinanofficeforalargeorganization.However,Chris'jobcanbejustasexcitinganddangerousasbeinganexplorer.ChrisworksforMSF,anorganizationalsoknownasDo

35、ctorswithoutBorders.Since1971,MSFhassenttraineddoctorsallovertheworldtohelppeoplewhohavesufferedfromdisaster（遭受灾难），suchaswarsandillnesses.ChrisisadoctorfromFrancewhohastraveledtomanyplacestoorganizeprogramsthathelppeople.Atthemoment,over27,000traineddoctorshavetakenpartinMSFprojects.Theorganizationr

36、eceivedtheNobelPeacePrizein1999.AllkindsofdoctorscanvolunteerforMSF.theyneedtobereadytogoalmostanywhereintheworldand,ofcourse,theyshouldfacedifficulties.MostofMSF'sworkisinAfrica.WhenMSFchooseadoctorforatask,theyhavetogoforatleastsixmonths.Whendoctorshavecompletedafewtasks,theymightbesentonaneme

37、rgency（紧急的）taskfollowingadisaster,suchasanearthquake.ButwhywoulddoctorsleaveacomfortablelifeandagoodpaytojoinMSF?AccordingtoChris,theexperiencetheyhaveisagreathelpintheirlife.What'smore,justliketheexplorersofthepast,theyneedtokeepanopenmindandlearntogetonwellwiththepeopletheymeet.Onethingthatthe

38、ycansayattheendofanytaskinthattheyhavemadearealdifferencetopeople'slives.85.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Chrisisadoctorwhohasorganizedprogramstohelppeople.B. MSFreceivedtheNoblePeacePrizeforhelpingpoorcountries.C. VolunteerdoctorsmakearealdifferencetotheirownlivesinMSF.D.MSFoffersmedicalhelp

39、topeoplewhohavesufferedfromdisasters.2010BIn1975,JunkoTabeibecamethefirstwomantoreachthetopofMountEverestintheHimalayaMountains,thehighestmountainintheworldat29,035feet.Junkowasbornin1939andgrewupinasmalltowninJapan.Duringherchildhood,shewasthinandweak.Atage10,Junkowentonaschooltrip.Thestudentsclimb

40、edtwomountains,andJunkolovedit.Shecouldclimbinherowntimeandability.AfterJunkograduatedfromuniversityin1962,shejoinedseveralclimbingclubs.Buttheyhadmostlymenmembers.Somerefusedtoclimbwithawoman.In1965,Junkomarriedawell-knownJapaneseclimber.Overtheyears,theyclimbedallthehighestmountainsofJapan.Meanwhi

41、leJunkostartedawoman'sclimbingclub.By1972,shewaschosentoleadateamofwomentoclimbMountEverest.Ittookthreeyearsforthe15womentotrainandraisemoneyfortheirclimb.Finallyin1975,theteamwenttoclimbthemountain.Theyfoundnineguidestohelpthemclimbupthemountain.EverythingwentwelluntilthemorningofMay4.Suddenlya

42、hugeamountofsnowandicefellonthem.OneguidesavedJunko.Sherushedtohelpothers.Everyonewasalivebuttheyhadinjuries,includingJunko.However,theteamdecidedtocontinuetheirclimb.Abouttwoweekslater,onMay16,JunkoreachedthetopofMountEverest.Latershesaid,"lcan'tunderstandwhymenmakeallthisfuss（过于关注）aboutEv

43、erest-it'sonlyamountain."76.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Mountainclimbingisdangerous.B.Womencandothesamethingsasmen.C.Junkowasthegreatestclimberintheworld.D.Junkohadaveryhardtimebeforeshesucceeded.CSleepisveryimportant.Apersonwhodoesnotsleepdiesfasterthanapersonwhodoesnoteat.Wespen

44、daboutathird（1/3）ofourlivesinsleep.That'sabout121daysayear!Howmuchsleepdoweneed?Wearealldifferent.Ababyneeds16hoursofsleepeveryday.Children6to12yearsoldneedanaverage（平均）of10to12hoursofsleep.Teenagersneed9to10hoursofsleep.Anadultneedsanaverageof7to8hoursanight.Therearesomepeoplewhoneedonly3hourso

45、fsleep.Othersneed10hoursofsleep.Aftertheageof50,theaveragesleeptimegoesdownto6.5hoursanight.Weneedlesssleepaswegetolder.AboutoneinthreeAmericanshasaproblemwithsleep.Manyofthesepeoplecannotfallasleep.Thenameofthisproblemisinsomnia.Somepeoplesay,"Ididn'tsleepallnight."Butthat'snotrea

46、llytrue.Theymaysleeplightlyandwakeupseveraltimes.Inthemorning,theyonlyrememberthetimestheywereawake,sotheythinktheywereawakeallnight.Thisisnotanewproblem.Manyfamouspeopleinhistoryhadinsomnia.Someofthesepeoplehadspecialideastomakethemsleep.BenjaminFranklinhadfourbeds.Hemovedfromonetotheothertofallasl

47、eep.MarkTwainhadadifferentway.Helayonhissideacrosstheendofthebed!80. Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.SleepMore!B.GotoSleep!C.AgeandSleepTimeD.FamousPeopleandSleep2009BTwomonthago,IwenttoAustraliaforameetingwithmyworkmate,Chris.WedecidedtodriveacrosscountrytoBrisbaneafterthemeetingended.Thed

48、rivewasgoingtotakefourdaysandmostofitwasacrossthedesert（沙漠）.Thefirstdaywasalotoffunaswewereexcitedandlaughingateachother'sjokes.Bythethirddayofdrivinginthedesert,webegantogetbored.WehadbeenquiteforafewhourswhenChrissawsomekangaroos（袋鼠）.Wewerebothexcitedanddecidedtogetacloserlook.AndChrisdrovever

49、yquicklytocatchupwiththekangaroos.WegotcloserandclosetoocloswhenweheardaloudBANG!Chrisstoppedthecarandwegotout.Behindthecarwasalargekangaroolyingcompletelystilly动的）ontheground.Chriswentovertothekangarooandputhisbaseballcaponitshead.Hetookoffhissunglassesandputthemonthekangarooanddidthesamewithhisjac

50、ket.Then,heputhisarmaroundthekangarooandtoldmetotakeaphotoofthemtogether.Itookoutmycamera.WhileIwasfocusingj调整焦距）thecamera.Isawthekangaroomove.Itsuddenlywokeup,andranawaybeforewecoulddoanything.IstartedlaughingbutChrislookedveryserious.Hesaidhiswalletisinthejacket.Istartedlaughingevenharder.Istopped

51、laughing,however,whenhesaidthatourcarkeyswerealsointhejacket.71. Whatcanwegetfromthispassage?A.Chrissavedthekangaroo'slifeB.ThemeetingwasheldinBrisbaneC.ChristhoughtthekangaroowasdeadD.ThewritertookaphotoofChrisandthekangaroo72. Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnunusualexperienceB.MyAust

52、ralianmeetingC.OnthewaytoAustraliaD.AcleverkangarooCIt'stheweekbeforeschoolstarts.Aliceisshoppingforclotheswithtwofriends,NinaandVicki.Aliceputonablackjacket,turnstoherfriends,says,"Hey,whatdoyouthink?"Thegirlslookatherandbothstartlaughing."Noway.Alice!"Ninalaughs,"That&

53、#39;saman'sjacket."Alicefeelsalittleangry."Yeah,well,Ilikeit.""Yeah,"saysVicki,"butwhatwillpeopleatschoolsay?"Alicethinksforamoment.Thenshetakesoffthejacket."Yeah.Youareright."Peerpressure（同伴压力）.Weallknowaboutit.Yourfriendswearcertainclothesorlistentocertainmusic.Youdon'twanttobedifferent.Soyoudothosethingstoo.Fifteenminuteslater,Aliceisstillthinkingabouttheblackjacket."Yeah.There'spressuretofollowothers,"sheexplains,"Ifyourclothesorhairaredifferent,peoplemakefunofyou.Youknow,t