英语(一)自学教程Unit2

1、Unit2 A Path to FollowUnit2 A Path to FollowTextA Cracked or Perfect:We Can Make a Difference!TextA Cracked or Perfect:We Can Make a Difference!Words ExcisesWords Excisesunderneath underneath in charge of in charge of firedfiredcustomercustomercriticcriticrewardrewardfigure outfigure outbe familiar

2、withbe familiar withaccidental accidental Words ExcisesWords Excisesunderneath underneath 在在下面下面in charge of in charge of 负责负责firedfired 开除开除customercustomer 顾客顾客criticcritic 评论员，评论评论员，评论rewardreward 嘉奖嘉奖figure out figure out 理解理解be familiar with be familiar with 对对熟悉熟悉accidental accidental 偶然的，无心的偶

3、然的，无心的 When one door of happiness When one door of happiness closes, another opens.closes, another opens.一扇幸福之门关闭时，另一扇便会开启一扇幸福之门关闭时，另一扇便会开启。 -Helen Adams Keller-Helen Adams Keller海 伦海 伦 亚 当 斯亚 当 斯 凯 勒 （凯 勒 （ H e l e n H e l e n Adams KellerAdams Keller，1880.6.27-1880.6.27-1968.6.11968.6.1），），1919世纪美

4、国女作家、世纪美国女作家、教育家、慈善家、社会活动家，盲教育家、慈善家、社会活动家，盲聋人。享年聋人。享年8888岁。岁。8787年生活在无声年生活在无声、无光的世界中。在十九个月时因、无光的世界中。在十九个月时因患猩红热而被夺去视力和听力。她患猩红热而被夺去视力和听力。她完成了一系列著作，并致力于为残完成了一系列著作，并致力于为残疾人造福，建立慈善机构，疾人造福，建立慈善机构，19641964年年荣获荣获“总统自由勋章总统自由勋章”，次年入选，次年入选美国美国时代周刊时代周刊评选评选“二十世纪二十世纪美国十大英雄偶像美国十大英雄偶像”之一。之一。18991899年年6 6月考入哈佛大学拉德克

5、利夫女子月考入哈佛大学拉德克利夫女子学院。主要著作有学院。主要著作有假如给我三天假如给我三天光明光明我的生活我的生活我的老师我的老师等。等。人物简介人物简介出生出生1919个月就因病失去了视觉个月就因病失去了视觉、听觉和说话能力，然而就是、听觉和说话能力，然而就是这样一位又盲又聋又哑的重度这样一位又盲又聋又哑的重度残障者，却创造了人生的奇迹残障者，却创造了人生的奇迹。在老师安妮。在老师安妮沙利文的教育沙利文的教育和帮助下，她不仅学会了读书和帮助下，她不仅学会了读书、写作和说话，并且以惊人的、写作和说话，并且以惊人的毅力完成了在哈佛大学拉德克毅力完成了在哈佛大学拉德克利夫学院四年的学业，成为人利

6、夫学院四年的学业，成为人类历史上第一位获得文学学士类历史上第一位获得文学学士学位的盲聋人。学位的盲聋人。pre-reading Qustionspre-reading Qustions 1.Do you ever feel ashamed?1.Do you ever feel ashamed? 2.What suggestions have you got from 2.What suggestions have you got from your teachers or anybody else about your teachers or anybody else about how to

7、 gain confidence?how to gain confidence?Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionPara.1 One of the pots had a crack in it, while the other Para.1 One of the pots had a crack in it, while the other pot was perfect and always delivered a full portion of water pot was perfect and always delivered a fu

8、ll portion of water at the end of the long walk from the sceam to the masters at the end of the long walk from the sceam to the masters house.house.其中一个罐子上面有一道裂缝，而另一个罐子完好无损，可以让挑水其中一个罐子上面有一道裂缝，而另一个罐子完好无损，可以让挑水工从小溪到雇主家的这一段长长的路挑回满满一罐水。工从小溪到雇主家的这一段长长的路挑回满满一罐水。NoteNote：While:While:虽然，但是，在此句中起转折作用虽然，但是，在此

9、句中起转折作用deliverdeliver传送，递送传送，递送 Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionPara.4 Iam ashamed of myself, and want to apologize to Para.4 Iam ashamed of myself, and want to apologize to youyou我为自己感到惭愧，想向你道歉我为自己感到惭愧，想向你道歉 be ashamed of “be ashamed of “为为感到惭愧感到惭愧”apologize to sb. for sth.“apologize to s

10、b. for sth.“因为某事向某人道歉因为某事向某人道歉”Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionFor these past two years I have been able to deliver only For these past two years I have been able to deliver only half my load because this crack in my side causes water to half my load because this crack in my side causes wa

11、ter to leak out all the way back to your masters house”“leak out all the way back to your masters house”“过去的过去的两年中，每次你回雇主家的路上，水从我的裂缝中渗出，到家时就只两年中，每次你回雇主家的路上，水从我的裂缝中渗出，到家时就只剩下半罐了剩下半罐了”loadload在这个作名词解释，表示在这个作名词解释，表示“装载量，工作量装载量，工作量”load:v.load:v.装载装载leak out leak out 泄露掉泄露掉 n.leakage n.leakageReading Co

12、mprehensionReading ComprehensionPara8. And so as they went up the hill,the old cracked pot Para8. And so as they went up the hill,the old cracked pot notice of the sun warming the beatiful wild flowers on the notice of the sun warming the beatiful wild flowers on the side of the path,and this cheere

13、d it up.side of the path,and this cheered it up.因此，当他们上山时，因此，当他们上山时，这个有裂缝的旧罐子注意到太阳正照着路旁美丽的野花，这让它高兴这个有裂缝的旧罐子注意到太阳正照着路旁美丽的野花，这让它高兴起来。起来。take notice of take notice of 注意到，留心到注意到，留心到 cheer up “cheer up “振奋起来，高兴起来振奋起来，高兴起来”=cheer on”=cheer onReading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionPara.9 Without you be

14、ing just the way you are, he would not Para.9 Without you being just the way you are, he would not have such beauty to grace his house.have such beauty to grace his house.倘若你不漏水，他就没有这么美丽的鲜花来装饰屋子了。倘若你不漏水，他就没有这么美丽的鲜花来装饰屋子了。W i t h o u t “W i t h o u t “要不是要不是 ” ， 后 面 加 句 子 ， 从 句 需 要 使 用 虚 拟 语 气， 后 面 加

15、 句 子 ， 从 句 需 要 使 用 虚 拟 语 气(would/could+(would/could+具体时态具体时态) )。类似结构还有。类似结构还有“but for ;in the “but for ;in the absence of”absence of”Eg:Without your help, I would have failed the exam last week.Eg:Without your help, I would have failed the exam last week.要不是你的帮助，上周的考试我就过不了了。要不是你的帮助，上周的考试我就过不了了。grace

16、 grace 为为增色，装饰增色，装饰 n.n.优雅优雅New WordsNew Words1 1：cracked adj. cracked adj. 有裂缝的；破裂的有裂缝的；破裂的 crack crack 裂纹裂纹复数：复数：cracks cracks 过去式：过去式：cracked cracked 过去分词：过去分词：cracked cracked 现现在分词：在分词：cracking cracking 第三人称单数：第三人称单数：cracks cracks 2 2：bearer n. bearer n. 持票人；送信人；搬运工人持票人；送信人；搬运工人 3 3：pot n. pot n

17、. 罐；容器；陶盆罐；容器；陶盆 4 4：pole n.pole n.物物 极点，顶点；地极；杆子极点，顶点；地极；杆子 5 5：deliver vi.deliver vi.递送；传送递送；传送 He delivered them the He delivered them the goods.goods.他给他们送来了一些货物。他给他们送来了一些货物。 6 6：portion n. portion n. 一部分一部分 词根：词根：port =part/divide,port =part/divide,表示表示 部分部分, ,分开分开 7 7：stream n. stream n. 河流，小河

18、，溪河流，小河，溪 8 8：master n.master n.硕士；硕士；( (男男) )主人；大师主人；大师 学士：学士： 博士：博士： 9 9：accomplishment n. accomplishment n. 成就；成绩成就；成绩 accomplish accomplish vt.vt.完成；达到（目的）；完成；达到（目的）； 1010：imperfection n. imperfection n. 不完美；缺点，瑕疵不完美；缺点，瑕疵 perfect perfect adj. adj. 完美的；完美的； 1111：miserable adj.miserable adj.悲惨的；令

19、人痛苦的；非常难受悲惨的；令人痛苦的；非常难受的的 词根：词根：miser=wretched,miser=wretched,表示表示 可怜的可怜的 (miser(miser可怜的可怜的+able+able可以可以的的adj.adj.痛苦的痛苦的, ,悲惨的悲惨的) ) 1212：perceive v. perceive v. 将将理解为；将理解为；将视为；认为视为；认为 (per(per全部全部+ceive+ceive抓抓全部抓住全部抓住发觉发觉) ) 词根：词根：ceive=take/hold/seize, ceive=take/hold/seize, 表示表示 拿拿, ,抓抓, ,握住握住

20、 1313：bitter adj. bitter adj. 令人不快的；使人悲痛的令人不快的；使人悲痛的 a a long and bitter dispute long and bitter dispute 漫漫长的激烈争论长的激烈争论 bitterness n. bitterness n. 苦味；痛苦；愤愤不平苦味；痛苦；愤愤不平 悲惨世界悲惨世界1414：apologize vi. apologize vi. 道歉，认错；道歉，认错； I apologize for I apologize for being late. being late. 我为自己的迟到致歉。我为自己的迟到致歉。

21、1515：load n. load n. 负荷；负担；装载；工作量负荷；负担；装载；工作量 反义词反义词unload unload 卸货；去除负担卸货；去除负担 1616：flaw n. flaw n. 瑕疵，缺点；错误瑕疵，缺点；错误 指结构指结构或组织上的缺点，如破裂之处。用作比喻意义时，指品格或组织上的缺点，如破裂之处。用作比喻意义时，指品格上的缺陷上的缺陷 1717：compassion n. compassion n. 怜悯，同情；恻隐之心怜悯，同情；恻隐之心 词根：词根：pass=feeling,pass=feeling,表示表示 感情感情; ; 1818：trail n. tra

22、il n. 小路；小径小路；小径 1919：reply n. reply n. 回答，答复；回答，答复； (re (re回回+ply+ply折折折回去折回去答复答复) ) reply to reply to 2020：decorate vt. decorate vt. 装饰；装潢，布置装饰；装潢，布置 decoration decoration 装饰品装饰品 decorate the classroom with balloonsdecorate the classroom with balloons2121：grace v.grace v.为为增色；为增色；为锦上添花锦上添花; ;装饰装饰

23、词根：词根：grat=pleasing,grat=pleasing,表示表示 感激感激, ,高兴高兴 n.n.优雅；恩惠优雅；恩惠2222：moral n.moral n.寓意，教训寓意，教训; ;教益教益 adj.adj.道德的；精神上道德的；精神上的的 23 23：being n.being n.存在；生物；人；要素，本质存在；生物；人；要素，本质Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions1 1：be ashamed of be ashamed of 为为感到羞愧，惭愧感到羞愧，惭愧 ashamed adj. ashamed adj. 惭愧

24、的，羞耻的惭愧的，羞耻的; ;难为情的难为情的 There is nothing to be ashamed of. There is nothing to be ashamed of. 没有什么可难为没有什么可难为情的。情的。 the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its imperfection and miserable that it was able to imperfection and miserable that it was able to accomplish

25、only half of what it had been made to accomplish only half of what it had been made to do. do. 破陶罐因为自己的瑕疵而羞惭难当，为只能完成一破陶罐因为自己的瑕疵而羞惭难当，为只能完成一半的工作而痛苦不堪。半的工作而痛苦不堪。2 2：leak out leak out 渗漏，泄露；渗漏，泄露； leak vi. leak vi. 漏出；透露漏出；透露 3 3：fell sorry for fell sorry for 怜悯；同情怜悯；同情 I feel sorry for I feel sorry fo

26、r you. you. 我为你感到惋惜。我为你感到惋惜。 4 4：take notice of take notice of 注意，注意到，理睬注意，注意到，理睬 Dont Dont take any notice of him; he is kidding around. take any notice of him; he is kidding around. 别理别理他，他不过是在胡闹。他，他不过是在胡闹。5 5：cheer up cheer up 振作起来振作起来; ; 使变得更高兴使变得更高兴 Cheer up, Becky, and lets go on trying. Cheer

27、 up, Becky, and lets go on trying. 贝基，打贝基，打起精神来！我们再去试它一试。起精神来！我们再去试它一试。” ” 6 6：take advantage of take advantage of 利用利用; ; 欺骗，占欺骗，占的便宜的便宜 Take Take advantage of low-season airfares. advantage of low-season airfares. 利用淡季飞机票价。利用淡季飞机票价。Text BText B1.Have you ever seen beggars on the street? How do you

28、 feel 1.Have you ever seen beggars on the street? How do you feel when they ask you fpr money?when they ask you fpr money?2.What do you think of beggars on the steet singing for 2.What do you think of beggars on the steet singing for passers-by?passers-by?Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionA

29、few years ago,I took a sightseeing trip to A few years ago,I took a sightseeing trip to Washington,D.C(Para.1)Washington,D.C(Para.1)几年前，我来到华盛顿特区观光旅行。几年前，我来到华盛顿特区观光旅行。take a trip to take a trip to 到到旅行旅行Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionWhen I turn around, I saw an elderly blind woman with he

30、r When I turn around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended.(Para.2)hand extended.(Para.2)我一转身，看见一个双目失明的老妇人伸出我一转身，看见一个双目失明的老妇人伸出手。手。turn around “turn around “转身转身”turn out“turn out“拒绝、生产拒绝、生产”turn overz“turn overz“思考思考”turn up“turn up“出现出现”表示上了年纪的委婉表达表示上了年纪的委婉表达“senior citizen,the aged

31、,advanced in “senior citizen,the aged,advanced in age”age”Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionI was annoyed at being bothered by a beggar.(Para.2)I was annoyed at being bothered by a beggar.(Para.2)被一个乞被一个乞丐打扰使得我恼火。丐打扰使得我恼火。 be annoyed at “ be annoyed at “被某事惹恼被某事惹恼”I was annoyed at the childn

32、ess of her remark.I was annoyed at the childness of her remark.她孩子气的话语令我恼火。她孩子气的话语令我恼火。Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionI have also witnessed similiar treatment of my family and I have also witnessed similiar treatment of my family and friends,so I know what its like, and I should have know

33、n friends,so I know what its like, and I should have known better.(Para.7)better.(Para.7)我还亲眼目睹过我的家人和朋友遇到类似的情形，我还亲眼目睹过我的家人和朋友遇到类似的情形，所以我知道那是什么样的感受。我早该明白这一点的。所以我知道那是什么样的感受。我早该明白这一点的。witness v.“witness v.“当场看到，目击当场看到，目击” n.“” n.“目击者，见证人，证人目击者，见证人，证人”句子中的句子中的should have known bettershould have known be

34、tter的意思是的意思是“本应该明白事理本应该明白事理”，这里用了虚拟语气，实际上是做了这事（指轻视那位妇女）这里用了虚拟语气，实际上是做了这事（指轻视那位妇女）Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionBut now, living in my American middle-class lifestyle,it is But now, living in my American middle-class lifestyle,it is all too easy to forget my past,to forget who I am and whe

35、re all too easy to forget my past,to forget who I am and where I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to be I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to be going.(Para.8)going.(Para.8)但是现在，过着美国中层阶级的生活，我很容易忘记但是现在，过着美国中层阶级的生活，我很容易忘记我的过去，忘记我自己是谁，曾经从哪里来，也忘记现在想去往何方我的过去，忘记我自己是谁，曾经从哪里来，也忘记现在想去

36、往何方。middle-class middle-class 中层阶级中层阶级upper class upper class 上层阶级上层阶级lower class lower class 下层阶级下层阶级Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionThat blind woman on the street of Washington,D.C. cured me That blind woman on the street of Washington,D.C. cured me of my self-induced blindness(Para.8)of

37、 my self-induced blindness(Para.8)那个在华盛顿特区街上的骂那个在华盛顿特区街上的骂人女士治好了我心灵的蒙蔽。人女士治好了我心灵的蒙蔽。cure sb. of “cure sb. of “使某人恢复健康，治疗使某人恢复健康，治疗”No medicine can cure a man of discontent.No medicine can cure a man of discontent.没有药能消除一个人没有药能消除一个人的不满。的不满。Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionShe reminded me of

38、my belief in humility and to always keep She reminded me of my belief in humility and to always keep my eyes and heart open.(Para.8)my eyes and heart open.(Para.8)她提醒我谦卑是我的人生信条，她提醒我谦卑是我的人生信条，应当永远擦亮双眼，敞开心扉。应当永远擦亮双眼，敞开心扉。remind sb. of “remind sb. of “提醒某人某事，使某人记起某事提醒某人某事，使某人记起某事”remind sb. to do sth.“

39、remind sb. to do sth.“提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事”Please remind me to attend the meeting.Please remind me to attend the meeting.请提醒我要参加会议。请提醒我要参加会议。New wordsNew words1 1：humility n. humility n. 谦逊，谦虚谦逊，谦虚 词根：词根：hum = earth hum = earth , , 表示表示 土土, ,地地 lity lity是抽象名词后缀是抽象名词后缀 2 2：sightseeing n. sightseeing n. 观光，

40、游览观光，游览 词根：词根：sight= sight= vision, vision, 表示表示 眼光；观察，看眼光；观察，看 go sightseeing go sightseeing观光、旅游观光、旅游3 3：treasure n. treasure n. 金银财宝；宝藏；珍宝金银财宝；宝藏；珍宝 trea trea 可靠的，镇店之宝可靠的，镇店之宝+sure +sure 确信确信 4 4：fellow adj. fellow adj. 同伴的；同类的同伴的；同类的 5 5：unfortunate adj. unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的；不幸的，倒霉的； fortuna

41、te fortunate adj. adj. 侥幸的，幸运的；侥幸的，幸运的； 6 6：panhandler n. panhandler n. 乞丐；乞丐；叫花子叫花子 7 7：folk n. folk n. 人们人们; ;民族；家属民族；家属 folk song folk song 民歌民歌 adj.adj.民间的民间的 8 8：elderly adj. elderly adj. 上了年纪的；过了中年的；较老上了年纪的；过了中年的；较老的的 与与older older 差不多差不多 the elderly the elderly 老年人老年人在英语中，我们经常使用在英语中，我们经常使用“th

42、e+“the+形容词形容词”来表示某一类人来表示某一类人9 9：extend v. extend v. 延伸；舒展；展开（尤指手臂或腿延伸；舒展；展开（尤指手臂或腿） eg:The border extends as far as the rivereg:The border extends as far as the river 边界一直延伸到河边。边界一直延伸到河边。eg:His power extends over the whole countryeg:His power extends over the whole country他的势力扩大到全国。他的势力扩大到全国。1010：re

43、flex n. reflex n. 反射动作；本能反应反射动作；本能反应; ; 1111：loose change n. loose change n. （口袋或包里随身带的）零钱（口袋或包里随身带的）零钱 pin money pin money 零花钱零花钱 1212：prejudice n. prejudice n. 成见，偏见，歧视成见，偏见，歧视 傲慢与偏见傲慢与偏见Pride and PrejudicePride and Prejudice1313：assume v. assume v. 假定；假设；认为假定；假设；认为 (as (as加强动作加强动作+sume+sume拿拿, ,取

44、取拿住拿住认为是认为是 假定假定, , 词根：词根：sume=take,sume=take,表示表示 拿拿, ,取取 n.assumption n.assumption 假定；假设假定；假设1414：incident n. incident n. 事件，发生的事情（尤指不寻常的事件，发生的事情（尤指不寻常的或讨厌的）或讨厌的） 偶然事件偶然事件 (in (in进入进入+cid+cid落下落下+ent+ent掉进来的事件掉进来的事件) ) 15 15：reawaken v. reawaken v. 勾起，唤起，再次引发（感情、勾起，唤起，再次引发（感情、回忆等）回忆等）reawaken reaw

45、aken 1616：core n. core n. 核心核心( (信念、价值、原则等信念、价值、原则等) )，精髓；，精髓； (cor (cor心脏心脏, ,一致一致+en.+en.果核果核, , 中心中心, , 核心核心) ) Finance is the core of modern economic development. Finance is the core of modern economic development.金融是现代经济发展的核心。金融是现代经济发展的核心。1717：reaffirm vt. reaffirm vt. 重申；再次确定重申；再次确定 re re再次再次 + affirm + affirm 肯定肯定，证实，证实 1818：immigrant n. immi