自考外语教学法之交际法

1、WhatarethemainfeaturesoftheCommunicativeApproachHallidaydescribedsevenbasicfunctionsthatlanguageperforms.Pleasewriteoutanyfiveofthem.WhataretherolesofthelearnerinthecommunicativeapproachWhataretherolesoftheteacherintheCommunicativeApproachWhattheoriesoflanguageareusedbytheCommunicativeApproachasitst

2、heoreticalbasisWhataretheobjectivesoftheCommunicativeApproachWhataretheintegratinglanguageskillsoftenusedintheCommunicativeApproachWhatlanguageabilitydoesHymes“communicativecompetence”refetoDescribethefiveprinciplestocharacterizetheCommunicativeApproachaccordingtoDavidNunan.Citeoneexampletoillustrat

3、eoneoftheseprinciplesWhatarethedistinguishingfeaturesoftheNotional-FunctionalSyllabusWhatarethefourdimensionsintermsoflanguagecompetenceentailedintheCommunicativeApproachaccordingtoCanaleandSwainWhatarethemainfeaturesoftheCommunicativeApproachFromthemid-1970sthekeyconceptineducationallinguisticsandl

4、anguagepedagogyisthatof.A. commnicationorcommunicativecompetenceB. motivationinlearningaforeignlanguageC. independenceandautonomyinlearningD. languageacquisitionthroughtheuseofactivetrialAccordingtosomefunctionallinguist,someutterancehasnomeaningatallifitisoutofthecontextof_situation.Therelationship

5、betweenthegrammaticalformsandtheirfunctionsisnota_one-to-onecorrespondence.Asingleformcanexpressanumberof_functionsandasinglecommunicativefunctioncanbeexpressedbyanumberof_forms.InHymes'sviews,“communicativecompetence”arebfileitrysntoottheonlytoapplygrammaticalrulesofalanguageinordertoform_gramm

6、aticallycorrectsentencesbutalsotoknowwhenandwheretousethesesentencesandtowhom.InMalinowskisopinion,anutterancehasnoatallifitisoutofthecontextofsituation.A. formB. meaningC. contentD. formatreferstotheinterpretationofindividualmessageelementsintermsoftheirinterconnectednessandofhowmeaningisrepresente

7、dinrelationshiptothetext.A. GrammaticalcompetenceB. SociolinguisticcompetenceC. Discoursed述，交谈competenceD. Strategiccompetence_pragmaticsisparticularlyinterestedintherelationshipbetweensentencesandthecontextsandsituationsinwhichtheyareused.Hymesholdsthatcommunicativecompetencereferstothe_abilitynoto

8、nlytoformgrammaticallycorrectsentencesbutalsotoknowwhen,where,andtowhomtousethem.AccordingtoCanalandSwain,discoursecompetencereferstotheinterpretationofindividualmessageelementsintermsoftheirinterconnectednessandofhowmeaningisrepresentedinrelationshiptotheentirediscourseortext.AccordingtoCanalandSwa

9、in,_socialinguisticcompetencereferstoanunderstandingofthesocialcontextsinwhichcommunicationtakesplace._discourseanalysisisthestudyofhowsentencesinspokenandlanguageformlargermeaningfulunitssuchasparagraphs,conversations,andinterviews.Toteachaforeignlanguagewell,wemustdivideitintosmallunits.Thetenorof

10、discoursemeans,accordingtoHalliday,theparticipantswhoaretakingpartinthecommunication.AccordingtoCanalandSwain,grammaticalcompetencereferstowhatChomskycalledalinguisticcompetence”.AccordingtoCanalandSwain,communicativecompetenceentailsfourdimensions.Theyaregrammaticalcompetence,disloursecompetence,so

11、cialinguisiticcompetenceandstrategiccompetence.TheCommunicativeApproachisessentiallyamanifestationofthe.A.1950'sB.1960'sC.1970'sD.1980'sLanguagemeaningdependstoalargeextentonthecontextsinwhichspeechactsoccurred.A.linguisticB.grammaticalC.culturalD.socioculturalThemostobviouscharacter

12、isticoftheCommunicativeApproachisthatalmosteverythingisdonewithacommunicative.A.situationB.settingC.informationD.intentdiscourseanalysisbecomesanindispensablepartofCommunicativeLanguageTeaching.ManyproponentsoftheCommunicativeApproachadvocatetheuseofmaterialsinthelanguageclassrooms.()A. classicB. au

13、thenticC. modernDoralisparticularlyinterestedintherelationshipbetweensentencesandthecontextsandsituationinwhichtheyareused（.）ATransformationalGrammarBPragmaticsCStructuralismDTheSituationalApproachAccordingtoMorrow,activitiesthataretrulycommunicativehavethreefeatures.Theyareinformationgap,and（_）Acho

14、ice,feedbackBchoice,situationCsituation,discourseDdiscourse,functionIntheCommunicativeApproachgroupandpairworkisfavouredtothetimeallottedtoeachstudenttopracticetheuseoflanguage.（）Aminimize8 shortenCmaximizeDreduceTalkingaboutpicturesontheblackboardintheclassroomisA. alanguageexerciseB. acommunicativ

15、eactivityC. bothofthetwoD. neitherofthetwoThelanguageteachingthatemphasizeslinguisticaccuracyonlywillproducestudentswhoarecompetentandcommunicativelyA. structurally,competentB. structurally,incompetentC.communicatively,competentD.communicatively,incompetentAccordingtoHalliday,whichofthefollowingshou

16、ldNOTbetakenintoconsiderationintermsoflinguisticeventsA. Form.B. Context.C. Substance.D. Culture.Whofirstusedtheterm“communicativecompetence”indeliberatecontrasttoChomskys“linguisticcompetence”A. SternB. AsherC. KrashenD. HymesTheeducationalperspectivesintheCommunicativeApproachevolvedalongsidethesi

17、gnificantdevelopmentsinlinguistics,andpsychology.AccordingtoCanaleandSwain,communicativecompetenceincludesfourdimensions:grammatical,discourse,sociolinguisticand_strategiccompetence.TheCommunicativeApproachtoforeignlanguageteachingstressesthecommunicativeinlearning.A. competenceB. abilityC. performa

18、nceD. skillSociolinguisticcompetencereferstoanunderstandingoftheinwhichcommunicationtakesplace.A. socialbehaviorB. linguisticcontextC. socialcontextD. linguisticperformanceCharlesFriesappliedtheprinciplesoflinguisticstolanguageteaching.Notionsaredomainsinwhichpeopleuselanguagetoexpress_thoughtandfee

19、ling._pragmaticsisespeciallyinterestedintherelationshipsbetweensentencesandthecontextsandsituationsinwhichtheyareused.Strategiccompetencereferstothecopingofvariousstrategieswhichcommunicatorsemploytostart,end,keep,repairandre-direct_communication.Oneofthestudyareasinpragmaticsishowutterancesareaffec

20、tedbytherelationshipbetween.A. thespeakersB. thehearersC. thereaderandthewriterD. thespeakerandthehearerMostschoolsoftheCommunicativeApproachsharetheviewthatlanguageisusedforcommunication,andtheyareprimarilyconcernedwiththeratherthanthestructure.A. communicationB. meaningC. interactionD. participant

21、sTheNotional-FunctionalSyllabusisasyllabus,nota_method.AccordingtoHymes,linguistictheoryisoneincorporatingcommunicationand_culture.P176InMalinowskisview,“themeaningofanysinglewordisthoigahverydegreedependentonits.”A. formB. contextC. contentD. formatTheCommunicativeApproachisessentiallyamanifestatio

22、nofthemostexplicitdebateinpedagogyintheUKduringthe.A.1950sB.1960sC.1970sD.1980sTheCommunicativeApproachinlanguageteachingbeginswithatheoryoflanguageas.A.performanceB. communicationC. speechD. competenceAccordingtothediscoursetheory,onlythroughdiscoursecanthelearneracquirethesecondlanguage.Therelatio

23、nshipbetweenthegrammaticalformsandthecommunicative_competence_iscarefullyexploredinacommunicativeperspective.InaCommunicativeApproachclassroom,studentsneedtoknowboththerulesofthelanguageandtherulesoflanguage.OneofthefivepointsinitiatedbyDavidNunantocharacterizetheCommunicativeApproachisanemphasisonl

24、earningtocommunicatethroughinthetargetlanguage.A. speakingB. writingC. interactionD.role-playWho first used the termcommunicativecompetence”indeliberatecontrasttoChomskys“linguisticcompetence”A. Stern.B. Asher.C. Krashen.D. Hymes.woindispensablepartsoftheCommunicativeLanguageTeachingaresupposedtobe.

25、A. presentationsandpragmaticsB. discourseanalysisanddrillsC. discourseanalysisandpragmaticsD. drillsandpresentationsIntheviewsoflanguagesuggestedbyJ.R.FirthandM.A.K.Halliday,whichofthefollowingdoesNOTreceivethepriorityimportanceA. Meaning.B. Context.C. Setting.D.Form.NotionalSyllabus,writtenbyWilkin

26、s,isabookwhichhasasignificantimpactonthedevelopmentofthe_communicativeLanguageTeaching._disclosurecompetencereferstotheinterpretationofindividualmessageelementsintermsoftheirinterconnectednessandofhowmeaningisrepresentedinrelationshiptothetext.ItisHallidaythatmadetheLondonSchoolofLinguisticsoneofthe

27、mostcompetitive_linguistictheoriesintheworld.Hallidayadvocatesthatthesocialcontextoflanguageusecanbeanalyzedintermsofthefield,tenorandmodeof.A. contextB. discourseC. contentD. situationHenryWiddowsonfocusedonthecommunicativeactsunderlyingtheabilitytouselanguagefordifferentpurposeswithhis_dinctionbet

28、weenappropriacyandaccuracy,communicativecompetenceandgrammaticalcompetence,useandusage.Anunderstandingofthesocialcontextinwhichcommunicationtakesplaceisreferredtoascompetence.TheteacherinaCommunicativeApproachclassroomplaysfourmajorroles.WhataretheyAccordingtoHalliday,whichofthefollowingshouldNOTbea

29、ccountedforintermsoflinguisticeventsA. Form.B. Context.C. Substance.D. Culture.ThecriticismbythoseadvocatingtheCommunicativeApproachwasthatteachinglanguagewithitsfocusongrammarproducedstructurallycompetentstudentswhowereoftenincompetent.A.communicativelyB.insocietyC.ininterpretingD.lexicallyWaysofintegratinglanguageskillsinaCommunicativeApproachclassroomarelisteningand_note-taking,oralpresentation,projectwork,role-playandsimulation,etc.ThegeneralpurposeoftheCommunica